gardien

watchman (noun: guard) ●

• Chaque nuit, un gardien surveille l’usine pour éviter les intrusions. (Every night, a watchman monitors the factory to prevent break-ins.)

caretaker, building manager, janitor (noun: concierge) ●

• Le gardien de notre immeuble nettoie l’escalier tous les lundis. (The caretaker of our building cleans the staircase every Monday.)

adresse [adʀɛs]

address (noun: indication of residence) ●

• Pouvez-vous me donner votre adresse complète pour l’envoi du colis ? (Can you give me your complete address for sending the parcel?)

address (noun: computing location) ●

• Le serveur web utilise cette adresse pour stocker les données des utilisateurs. (The web server uses this address to store user data.)

skill, dexterity (noun: physical adroitness) ●

• Le jongleur a fait preuve d’une adresse remarquable pendant son spectacle. (The juggler demonstrated remarkable dexterity during his performance.)

address, speech (noun: allocation to the king) ●

• Les parlementaires ont préparé leur adresse au roi pour la session d’ouverture. (The parliamentarians prepared their address to the king for the opening session.)

réception

receipt, receiving (noun: act of receiving) ●

• La réception des documents s’effectuera demain matin avant dix heures. (Receipt of the documents will take place tomorrow morning before ten o’clock.)

reception (noun: hotel desk or service) ●

• Merci de déposer vos clés à la réception avant de quitter l’hôtel. (Please leave your keys at reception before leaving the hotel.)

reception (noun: formal party or event) ●

• Nous sommes invités à une réception au consulat samedi prochain. (We are invited to a reception at the consulate next Saturday.)

reception, greeting, welcome (noun: manner of welcoming) ●

• Les nouveaux employés ont eu droit à une réception chaleureuse de leurs collègues. (The new employees received a warm reception from their colleagues.)

landing (noun: return to ground) ●

• Le gymnaste a parfaitement réussi sa réception après le double saut périlleux. (The gymnast perfectly executed his landing after the double somersault.)

reception (noun: radio signal quality) ●

• La réception est mauvaise dans cette vallée entourée de montagnes. (Reception is poor in this valley surrounded by mountains.)

conservateur

preservative (noun: food additive) ●

• Ce produit bio ne contient aucun conservateur artificiel. (This organic product contains no artificial preservatives.)

preservative, preserving (adjective: that preserves food) ●

• Le sucre a des propriétés conservatrices utilisées depuis des siècles. (Sugar has preservative properties that have been used for centuries.)

curator (noun: museum official) ●

• La conservatrice du musée organise une exposition sur l’art contemporain. (The museum curator is organizing an exhibition on contemporary art.)

conservative (adjective: opposed to change) ●

• Mes grands-parents ont des opinions très conservatrices sur le mariage. (My grandparents have very conservative opinions on marriage.)

hoarder (adjective: reluctant to discard) ●

• Mon père est tellement conservateur qu’il garde tous ses vieux journaux. (My father is such a hoarder that he keeps all his old newspapers.)

custodian of something, guardian of something, keeper of something (noun: person who preserves) ●

• Les bibliothécaires sont les conservateurs de notre patrimoine littéraire. (Librarians are the custodians of our literary heritage.)

conservative (noun: politics) ●

• Les conservateurs ont remporté les élections législatives avec une faible majorité. (The Conservatives won the parliamentary elections with a slim majority.)

ouais

yeah, yep, yup (adverb: informal yes) ●

• Ouais, j’ai fini mes devoirs, ne t’inquiète pas ! (Yeah, I finished my homework, don’t worry!)

transporter

transport, carry, convey (transitive verb: move physically) ●

• Ce ferry peut transporter jusqu’à 500 passagers et 200 véhicules. (This ferry can transport up to 500 passengers and 200 vehicles.)

adapt (transitive verb: adapt to another context) ●

• Le réalisateur a transporté cette histoire du 19ème siècle à notre époque moderne. (The director adapted this 19th-century story to our modern era.)

send into transports of, transport (transitive verb: fill with emotion) ●

• La nouvelle de sa victoire l’a transporté d’une joie indescriptible. (The news of his victory transported him with indescribable joy.)

take somebody back, transport (transitive verb: move virtually in time or place) ●

• Cette vieille chanson me transporte à l’époque de ma jeunesse. (This old song takes me back to the time of my youth.)

brûler

burn (intransitive verb: be on fire, in flames) ●

• Le bois brûle lentement dans la cheminée pendant toute la nuit. (The wood burns slowly in the fireplace throughout the night.)

burn (transitive verb: subject to fire) ●

• Il faut brûler tous ces papiers confidentiels avant de déménager. (We must burn all these confidential papers before moving.)

burn, scald, singe (transitive verb: injure with heat) ●

• Attention, ne touche pas la casserole, tu vas te brûler ! (Careful, don’t touch the pot, you’ll burn yourself!)

be on fire (intransitive verb: building being destroyed) ●

• L’entrepôt a brûlé complètement en moins d’une heure. (The warehouse burned completely in less than an hour.)

burn (intransitive verb: have fever) ●

• Le malade brûle de fièvre depuis hier soir malgré les médicaments. (The patient has been burning with fever since last night despite medication.)

burn (transitive verb: overheat skin) ●

• Le soleil d’été brûle la peau si on ne met pas de crème protectrice. (The summer sun burns your skin if you don’t apply protective cream.)

jump, go through (transitive verb: not respect a signal) ●

• Le conducteur a brûlé trois feux rouges dans sa fuite. (The driver jumped three red lights in his flight.)

discredit (transitive verb: damage reputation) ●

• Ce scandale politique l’a définitivement brûlé dans sa carrière. (This political scandal has permanently discredited him in his career.)

be boiling (intransitive verb: informal, in games, close to finding) ●

• Cherche dans le tiroir… Tu brûles, tu brûles ! C’est là ! (Look in the drawer… You’re boiling, you’re boiling! It’s there!)

manœuvre

manoeuvre, maneuver (noun [f]: vehicle action) ●

• Cette manœuvre de stationnement en créneau demande de la pratique. (This parallel parking manoeuvre requires practice.)

labourer, laborer, unskilled worker (noun [m/f]: employee) ●

• Le contremaître a embauché dix manœuvres pour le chantier de construction. (The foreman hired ten labourers for the construction site.)

operation, process, procedure (noun [f]: action on object) ●

• Cette manœuvre technique nécessite deux personnes pour être exécutée en sécurité. (This technical operation requires two people to be performed safely.)

manoeuvre, maneuver (noun [f]: skillful action) ●

• Grâce à ses manœuvres politiques, il a réussi à faire passer la loi. (Through his political manoeuvres, he managed to get the law passed.)

manoeuvres, maneuvers (noun [f] pl: military movements) ●

• Les soldats participent à de grandes manœuvres dans le désert cette semaine. (The soldiers are participating in large-scale manoeuvres in the desert this week.)

monnaie

currency (noun [f]: monetary system) ●

• L’euro est la monnaie officielle de dix-neuf pays européens. (The euro is the official currency of nineteen European countries.)

change (noun [f]: coins of small value) ●

• Excusez-moi, auriez-vous de la monnaie pour le distributeur automatique ? (Excuse me, would you have any change for the vending machine?)

change (noun [f]: money returned) ●

• Le commerçant m’a rendu la monnaie sur mon billet de cinquante euros. (The shopkeeper gave me change from my fifty-euro note.)

transmission

handover, transmission (noun [f]: passing something to someone) ●

• La transmission du dossier au nouveau directeur aura lieu lundi prochain. (The handover of the file to the new director will take place next Monday.)

transmission (noun [f]: automobile mechanism) ●

• La transmission automatique de cette voiture rend la conduite plus facile. (The automatic transmission of this car makes driving easier.)

transmission, relaying, broadcasting (noun [f]: telecommunication) ●

• La transmission du signal satellite est perturbée par les conditions météorologiques. (The satellite signal transmission is disrupted by weather conditions.)

transmission, passing on (noun [f]: disease communication) ●

• Le virus se propage par transmission aérienne dans les espaces clos. (The virus spreads through airborne transmission in enclosed spaces.)

quelconque [kɛlkɔ̃k]

some, any (adjective: indeterminate) ●

• Si vous avez une question quelconque, n’hésitez pas à me contacter. (If you have any question, don’t hesitate to contact me.)

ordinary, nondescript, so-so (adjective: pejorative, mediocre) ●

• Le restaurant était assez quelconque, rien de spécial à recommander. (The restaurant was quite ordinary, nothing special to recommend.)

courrier

mail, post, letters (noun [m]: postal items) ●

• Le facteur distribue le courrier tous les matins vers neuf heures. (The postman delivers the mail every morning around nine o’clock.)

messenger (noun [m]: dated, letter carrier) ●

• Au Moyen Âge, les rois envoyaient des courriers à cheval pour transmettre leurs ordres. (In the Middle Ages, kings sent messengers on horseback to convey their orders.)

Mail, Messenger, newspaper (noun [m]: newspaper title) ●

• Le Courrier de l’Ouest est un quotidien régional publié depuis 1885. (The Courrier de l’Ouest is a regional daily newspaper published since 1885.)

grandir

get bigger, get taller, grow (intransitive verb: increase in size or height) ●

• Les enfants grandissent tellement vite qu’il faut leur acheter des vêtements neufs chaque année. (Children get taller so quickly that you have to buy them new clothes every year.)

grow up (intransitive verb: become more mature) ●

• Mon petit frère a beaucoup grandi depuis qu’il est parti étudier à l’étranger. (My little brother has really grown up since he went to study abroad.)

grow, increase (intransitive verb: become more important) ●

• Son influence dans l’entreprise grandit de jour en jour. (His influence in the company is growing day by day.)

make somebody look taller, magnify, exaggerate (transitive verb: make appear larger) ●

• Ces chaussures à talons te grandissent de plusieurs centimètres. (These heeled shoes make you look several centimeters taller.)

make somebody grow up, mature (transitive verb: cause to mature) ●

• Cette épreuve difficile l’a grandi et rendu plus responsable. (This difficult ordeal has matured him and made him more responsible.)

do somebody credit, cover somebody in glory (transitive verb: give prestige) ●

• Son geste héroïque l’a grandi aux yeux de tous ses camarades. (His heroic gesture did him credit in the eyes of all his comrades.)

élaborer [elabɔʁe]

devise, produce, create (transitive verb: develop or design something) ●

• Nous devons élaborer une stratégie avant la réunion de demain. (We must devise a strategy before tomorrow’s meeting.)

develop, formulate (transitive verb: for projects, theories, strategies) ●

• L’équipe scientifique élabore une nouvelle théorie sur le changement climatique. (The scientific team is developing a new theory on climate change.)

draft, draw up (transitive verb: for documents, contracts, laws) ●

• Les avocats élaborent le contrat de fusion entre les deux entreprises. (The lawyers are drafting the merger contract between the two companies.)

put together (transitive verb: for menus, newspapers, books) ●

• Le chef élabore un menu spécial pour la fête de Noël. (The chef is putting together a special menu for the Christmas party.)

doigt [dwa]

finger (noun [m]: digit on hand) ●

• Elle porte une bague en or à son doigt. (She wears a gold ring on her finger.)

digit (noun [m]: formal term for finger) ●

• Le médecin examine chaque doigt du patient pour détecter des fractures. (The doctor examines each digit of the patient to detect fractures.)

illustrer [ilystʁe]

illustrate (transitive verb: provide examples figuratively) ●

• Le professeur illustre ses cours avec des exemples de la vie quotidienne. (The teacher illustrates his lessons with examples from everyday life.)

illustrate (transitive verb: add pictures to a book or text) ●

• L’artiste illustre des livres pour enfants depuis vingt ans. (The artist has been illustrating children’s books for twenty years.)

illustrate, be an example of (transitive verb: demonstrate by example) ●

• Cette étude illustre bien les problèmes du système éducatif actuel. (This study is a good example of the problems in the current education system.)

win fame, distinguish yourself (reflexive verb: stand out or excel) ●

• Le jeune athlète s’est illustré aux championnats du monde de natation. (The young athlete distinguished himself at the world swimming championships.)

poche [pɔʃ]

pocket (noun [f]: small bag or pouch in clothing) ●

• J’ai mis mes clés dans la poche de mon pantalon. (I put my keys in my trouser pocket.)

bag (noun [f]: shopping bag or pouch) ●

• Elle a oublié sa poche de courses au supermarché. (She left her shopping bag at the supermarket.)

pouch (noun [f]: animal anatomy cavity) ●

• La femelle kangourou garde son petit dans sa poche ventrale. (The female kangaroo keeps her baby in her ventral pouch.)

pocket (noun [f]: small space or cavity) ●

• Une poche d’air s’est formée dans le mur. (A pocket of air formed in the wall.)

affronter [afʁɔ̃te]

face, face up to, contend with, confront (transitive verb: deal with challenges or dangers) ●

• L’entreprise doit affronter une concurrence de plus en plus forte. (The company must face increasingly strong competition.)

face, brave, endure (transitive verb: endure hardships) ●

• Les alpinistes ont affronté des températures extrêmes lors de leur ascension. (The climbers faced extreme temperatures during their climb.)

meet, face, clash with, compete against (transitive verb: sports encounter) ●

• Notre équipe affrontera les champions d’Europe en finale. (Our team will face the European champions in the final.)

fight, fight each other, confront each other, pitch against each other (reflexive verb: oppose violently) ●

• Les deux armées se sont affrontées pendant des semaines. (The two armies fought for weeks.)

come face to face, clash, meet, go head to head (reflexive verb: sports teams meeting) ●

• Les deux meilleures équipes s’affronteront samedi soir. (The two best teams will come face to face on Saturday night.)

face, confront (reflexive verb: confront a problem) ●

• Les étudiants se sont affrontés à un examen très difficile. (The students faced a very difficult exam.)

éclater [eklate]

burst, explode, blow up, shatter (intransitive verb: break or explode) ●

• Le ballon a éclaté quand il a touché le fil barbelé. (The balloon burst when it touched the barbed wire.)

break out (intransitive verb: event or conflict starting) ●

• La guerre a éclaté en septembre 1939. (The war broke out in September 1939.)

break (intransitive verb: storm breaking out) ●

• L’orage a éclaté juste au moment où nous sortions. (The storm broke just as we were going out.)

smash, break, crack (transitive verb: break into pieces) ●

• Le garçon a éclaté la vitre avec une pierre. (The boy smashed the window with a stone.)

erupt, come out, break (intransitive verb: emotion or truth revealed) ●

• La vérité a éclaté lors du procès. (The truth came out during the trial.)

explode (intransitive verb: express anger figuratively) ●

• Si tu continues à le provoquer, il va éclater. (If you keep provoking him, he’s going to explode.)

split, divide, split up, divide up (transitive verb: divide figuratively) ●

• La direction a décidé d’éclater le département en trois unités distinctes. (Management decided to split the department into three distinct units.)

have a ball, have a whale of a time, have a great time, enjoy yourself (reflexive verb: informal, have fun) ●

• Nous nous sommes éclatés à la fête hier soir ! (We had a great time at the party last night!)

pulverize, flatten (transitive verb: informal, hit violently) ●

• Le boxeur a menacé d’éclater son adversaire. (The boxer threatened to pulverize his opponent.)

honte [ɔ̃t]

embarrassment, awkwardness (noun [f]: feeling of being uncomfortable or ashamed) ●

• Il a ressenti une grande honte après avoir oublié le nom de son collègue. (He felt great embarrassment after forgetting his colleague’s name.)

shame, disgrace (noun [f]: dishonor) ●

• Son comportement a apporté la honte à toute sa famille. (His behaviour brought shame upon his entire family.)

faiblesse [fɛblɛs]

weakness, frailty, feebleness (noun [f]: lack of physical strength) ●

• Après trois jours sans manger, il souffrait d’une grande faiblesse. (After three days without eating, he was suffering from great weakness.)

weakness, inadequacy (noun [f]: deficiency or lack) ●

• La faiblesse de son argumentation a été soulignée par le jury. (The weakness of his argument was highlighted by the jury.)

faintness, dimness, weakness, feebleness (noun [f]: lack of intensity) ●

• La faiblesse de l’éclairage rendait la lecture difficile. (The dimness of the lighting made reading difficult.)

smallness, insufficiency (noun [f]: inadequacy of size or amount) ●

• La faiblesse de son salaire ne lui permet pas de voyager. (The smallness of his salary doesn’t allow him to travel.)

weakness (noun [f]: moral failing or mistake) ●

• J’ai eu la faiblesse de croire ses mensonges. (I had the weakness to believe his lies.)

weakness, shortcoming, deficiency, failing, fault, flaw (noun [f]: weak point or flaw) ●

• Le plan présente plusieurs faiblesses qu’il faut corriger. (The plan has several weaknesses that need to be corrected.)

fédération [fedeʁasjɔ̃]

federation (noun [f]: association or organization) ●

• La fédération française de football organise les compétitions nationales. (The French football federation organizes national competitions.)

federation, umbrella group, alliance (noun [f]: grouping of states or groups) ●

• Plusieurs pays ont formé une fédération pour renforcer leur coopération économique. (Several countries formed a federation to strengthen their economic cooperation.)

presser [pʁese]

squeeze, press (transitive verb: extract liquid) ●

• Elle presse une orange tous les matins pour son petit déjeuner. (She squeezes an orange every morning for her breakfast.)

press, push (transitive verb: push a button) ●

• Pressez le bouton rouge pour arrêter la machine. (Press the red button to stop the machine.)

hurry, rush, get a move on (reflexive verb: hurry oneself) ●

• Nous devons nous presser si nous ne voulons pas manquer le train. (We must hurry if we don’t want to miss the train.)

speed up, hurry, rush (transitive verb: make someone hurry) ●

• Le directeur presse ses employés pour finir le projet à temps. (The director is rushing his employees to finish the project on time.)

press to do, put pressure on to do, push to do (transitive verb: formal, insist strongly) ●

• Les journalistes pressent le ministre de répondre aux accusations. (The journalists are pressing the minister to respond to the accusations.)

hurry to do, rush to do (reflexive verb: hurry to do something) ●

• Il se presse de terminer son travail avant midi. (He is hurrying to finish his work before noon.)

rush (reflexive verb: crowd together in large numbers) ●

• Les fans se pressent devant le théâtre pour voir la star. (Fans are rushing to the theater to see the star.)

mêler [mele]

mix, blend, combine (transitive verb: mix together) ●

• Le peintre mêle différentes couleurs pour créer une teinte unique. (The painter mixes different colors to create a unique shade.)

combine (transitive verb: manifest different qualities) ●

• Son roman mêle l’humour et la tristesse de façon magistrale. (His novel combines humor and sadness in a masterful way.)

involve, implicate, get mixed up in (transitive verb: involve someone) ●

• Ne me mêle pas à tes histoires compliquées ! (Don’t get me mixed up in your complicated affairs!)

meddle in, interfere in, get mixed up in, get involved in, stick your nose into (reflexive verb: take part in) ●

• Elle se mêle toujours des affaires qui ne la concernent pas. (She always meddles in affairs that don’t concern her.)

mingle with, blend into (reflexive verb: join a group) ●

• L’espion s’est mêlé à la foule pour passer inaperçu. (The spy mingled with the crowd to go unnoticed.)

confuse, get mixed up, get in a muddle (transitive verb: Canadian, confuse) ●

• Tes explications me mêlent complètement ! (Your explanations are getting me completely mixed up!)

bonheur [bɔnœʁ]

happiness (noun [m]: state of being happy) ●

• Le bonheur de sa famille est sa priorité. (His family’s happiness is his priority.)

joy, bliss (noun [m]: great happiness) ●

• Elle nage dans le bonheur depuis son mariage. (She has been in bliss since her wedding.)

good fortune, luck (noun [m]: fortunate circumstance) ●

• Il a eu le bonheur de rencontrer son idole. (He had the good fortune to meet his idol.)

formuler [fɔʁmyle]

express, formulate (transitive verb: articulate or state) ●

• Le député a formulé ses objections de manière très claire. (The MP expressed his objections very clearly.)

crier [kʁije]

shout, yell (intransitive verb: speak loudly) ●

• Arrête de crier, je ne suis pas sourd ! (Stop shouting, I’m not deaf!)

scream, yell, shout, cry out (intransitive verb: react with a loud sound) ●

• Elle a crié de peur en voyant l’araignée. (She screamed in fear when she saw the spider.)

scream, screech, call (intransitive verb: animals making sounds) ●

• Les oiseaux crient au lever du soleil. (The birds call at sunrise.)

yell at, shout at, scream at (transitive verb: order loudly) ●

• Le professeur leur a crié de se taire immédiatement. (The teacher yelled at them to be quiet immediately.)

clash, be loud (intransitive verb: colors discording) ●

• Ces deux couleurs crient ensemble, il faut choisir autre chose. (These two colors clash together, you need to choose something else.)

pauvreté [povʁəte]

poverty (noun [f]: state of being poor) ●

• De nombreuses familles vivent dans la pauvreté dans cette région. (Many families live in poverty in this region.)

poorness, poor quality, insufficiency, inadequacy, deficiency (noun [f]: inadequacy or lack) ●

• La pauvreté de ses arguments n’a convaincu personne. (The poorness of his arguments convinced no one.)

puerility, vacuity, inadequacy (noun [f]: literary, worthlessness) ●

• Ce texte n’est qu’une suite de pauvretés sans intérêt. (This text is nothing but a series of vacuities without interest.)

bâtiment [batimɑ̃]

building (noun [m]: construction) ●

• Le nouveau bâtiment universitaire accueille plus de mille étudiants. (The new university building accommodates more than a thousand students.)

the construction industry, the building trade (noun [m]: professions) ●

• Son père travaille dans le bâtiment depuis vingt ans. (His father has worked in the construction industry for twenty years.)

ship, vessel (noun [m]: Marine) ●

• Les bâtiments de guerre sont entrés dans le port ce matin. (The naval vessels entered the port this morning.)

époux [epu]

husband, spouse (noun [m]: formal) ●

• Mon époux et moi voyagerons en Espagne cet été. (My husband and I will travel to Spain this summer.)

médicament [medikamɑ̃]

medicine, drug, pill, tablet (noun [m]: medical preparation) ●

• Elle doit prendre son médicament tous les matins après le petit-déjeuner. (She has to take her medicine every morning after breakfast.)

firme [fiʁm]

firm (noun [f]: business) ●

• Cette firme internationale emploie plus de dix mille personnes. (This international firm employs more than ten thousand people.)

élargir [elaʁʒiʁ]

widen, increase, augment, make wider, make bigger (transitive verb: make more extensive) ●

• La ville a décidé d’élargir cette route pour réduire les embouteillages. (The city has decided to widen this road to reduce traffic jams.)

make bigger, make look bigger, enlarge, expand (transitive verb: make appear larger) ●

• Ce miroir élargit la salle de bain et la rend plus lumineuse. (This mirror makes the bathroom bigger and brighter.)

increase, expand, widen, enlarge, augment (transitive verb: expand a group) ●

• Nous devons élargir le cercle de nos partenaires commerciaux. (We need to expand the circle of our business partners.)

widen, get wider, become wider, broaden, open out (reflexive verb: become more extensive) ●

• La rivière s’élargit considérablement après le pont. (The river widens considerably after the bridge.)

amplify, expand, exaggerate (transitive verb: movement) ●

• L’acteur doit élargir ses gestes pour être visible du fond de la salle. (The actor must exaggerate his movements to be visible from the back of the room.)

électeur [elɛktœʁ]

voter, elector, electorate (noun [m/f]: citizen with voting rights) ●

• Les électeurs se rendront aux urnes dimanche prochain. (Voters will go to the polls next Sunday.)

plonger [plɔ̃ʒe]

dive, plunge (intransitive verb: enter water) ●

• Les enfants ont plongé dans la piscine dès leur arrivée. (The children dived into the pool as soon as they arrived.)

dive, go diving (intransitive verb: scuba diving) ●

• Nous allons plonger dans les eaux tropicales cet hiver. (We are going diving in tropical waters this winter.)

dive (intransitive verb: Sports – jump sideways) ●

• Le gardien a plongé pour arrêter le penalty. (The goalkeeper dived to stop the penalty kick.)

plunge, drop, immerse (transitive verb: put into liquid) ●

• Il faut plonger les légumes dans l’eau bouillante pendant cinq minutes. (You need to plunge the vegetables into boiling water for five minutes.)

bury yourself in, plunge into, dive into (intransitive verb: figurative – concentrate on) ●

• Elle plonge dans ses dossiers dès le matin et ne lève pas la tête de la journée. (She buries herself in her files first thing in the morning and doesn’t look up all day.)

plunge, drive, thrust (transitive verb: drive into) ●

• L’assassin a plongé un couteau dans le dos de sa victime. (The assassin plunged a knife into his victim’s back.)

plunge into (transitive verb: figurative – put in a state) ●

• Cette annonce a plongé toute la famille dans la tristesse. (This announcement plunged the whole family into sadness.)

immerse yourself in (reflexive verb: figurative – be captivated) ●

• Je me suis plongé dans ce roman policier toute la nuit. (I immersed myself in this detective novel all night.)

drown yourself in (intransitive verb: figurative – sink into) ●

• Après sa rupture, il a plongé dans la dépression. (After his breakup, he drowned himself in depression.)

véhicule [veikyl]

vehicle (noun [m]: means of transport) ●

• Les véhicules électriques deviennent de plus en plus populaires. (Electric vehicles are becoming increasingly popular.)

vehicle, vector (noun [m]: figurative – medium) ●

• La musique est un véhicule puissant pour exprimer les émotions. (Music is a powerful vehicle for expressing emotions.)

vehicle (noun [m]: finance) ●

• Cet investisseur utilise plusieurs véhicules fiscaux pour optimiser ses placements. (This investor uses several tax vehicles to optimize his investments.)

fuir [fɥiʁ]

flee, run away (intransitive verb: escape) ●

• Les habitants ont fui avant l’arrivée de l’armée. (The inhabitants fled before the army arrived.)

leak (intransitive verb: have a leak) ●

• Le robinet de la cuisine fuit depuis hier. (The kitchen tap has been leaking since yesterday.)

avoid, shun (transitive verb: turn away from) ●

• Il fuit les conversations sérieuses et préfère plaisanter. (He avoids serious conversations and prefers to joke.)

flee (transitive verb: escape from) ●

• Des milliers de personnes ont fui le pays en guerre. (Thousands of people fled the war-torn country.)

fly by (intransitive verb: figurative – pass quickly) ●

• Le temps fuit si vite quand on s’amuse bien. (Time flies by so quickly when you’re having fun.)

chercheur [ʃɛʁʃœʁ]

researcher, research worker (noun [m/f]: scientist) ●

• Cette chercheuse a publié plusieurs articles dans des revues scientifiques. (This researcher has published several articles in scientific journals.)

digger, seeker, prospector (noun [m/f]: person searching for something) ●

• Les chercheurs de trésor explorent les épaves anciennes. (Treasure seekers explore old shipwrecks.)

varier [vaʁje]

vary (intransitive verb: change) ●

• Les prix varient selon la saison touristique. (Prices vary according to the tourist season.)

diversify, vary (transitive verb: make diverse) ●

• Nous devons varier nos sources d’énergie pour plus de sécurité. (We need to diversify our energy sources for greater security.)

personnalité [pɛʁsɔnalite]

personality, traits, character (noun [f]: characteristics of a person) ●

• Sa personnalité joyeuse attire beaucoup d’amis. (Her cheerful personality attracts many friends.)

personality (noun [f]: individuality) ●

• Chaque enfant développe sa propre personnalité dès le plus jeune âge. (Each child develops their own personality from a very young age.)

personality, important person, VIP, leading figure (noun [f]: notable person) ●

• Plusieurs personnalités politiques ont assisté à la cérémonie. (Several political personalities attended the ceremony.)

inventer [ɛ̃vɑ̃te]

invent, discover, come up with (transitive verb: create) ●

• Alexander Graham Bell a inventé le téléphone en 1876. (Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.)

make up, invent, come up with (transitive verb: imagine – story) ●

• Les enfants aiment inventer des histoires fantastiques avant de dormir. (Children love to make up fantastic stories before going to sleep.)

make up, come up with, invent (transitive verb: lie) ●

• Il a inventé une excuse ridicule pour justifier son absence. (He made up a ridiculous excuse to justify his absence.)

dream up, invent, imagine, imagine yourself, invent yourself (reflexive verb: imagine) ●

• Elle s’invente parfois un avenir différent pour échapper à la réalité. (She sometimes dreams up a different future to escape reality.)

make up (reflexive verb: be found) ●

• Une telle coïncidence ne s’invente pas! (A coincidence like that, you couldn’t make it up!)

principalement [pʁɛ̃sipalmɑ̃]

primarily, mainly, principally (adverb: essentially) ●

• Cette région produit principalement du vin et des fruits. (This region primarily produces wine and fruit.)

prudence [pʁydɑ̃s]

attention, care, prudence (noun [f]: caution) ●

• La prudence est essentielle quand on conduit sous la pluie. (Care is essential when driving in the rain.)

stade [stad]

stadium (noun [m]: sports venue) ●

• Le stade peut accueillir cinquante mille spectateurs. (The stadium can accommodate fifty thousand spectators.)

stage (noun [m]: phase) ●

• Le projet en est encore au stade de la planification. (The project is still at the planning stage.)

liaison [ljɛzɔ̃]

connection, link, association, relationship, correlation, nexus (noun [f]: rapport) ●

• Il existe une liaison directe entre la pollution et les maladies respiratoires. (There is a direct connection between pollution and respiratory diseases.)

liaison (noun [f]: relation, connection) ●

• Il travaille comme agent de liaison entre les deux entreprises. (He works as a liaison agent between the two companies.)

contact, connection, link (noun [f]: communication) ●

• Nous avons perdu la liaison avec l’équipe sur le terrain. (We have lost contact with the team in the field.)

liaison (noun [f]: linguistics) ●

• La liaison est obligatoire entre « les » et « enfants ». (Liaison is mandatory between “les” and “enfants”.)

affair, liaison (noun [f]: romantic relationship) ●

• Ils ont eu une liaison secrète pendant plusieurs mois. (They had a secret affair for several months.)

consultation [kɔ̃syltasjɔ̃]

consultation, appointment (noun [f]: medical visit) ●

• J’ai une consultation chez le dentiste mardi prochain. (I have an appointment with the dentist next Tuesday.)

consultation (noun [f]: seeking opinion) ●

• Le gouvernement a lancé une consultation publique sur la réforme. (The government has launched a public consultation on the reform.)

consulting, consultation (noun [f]: reference to something) ●

• La consultation de plusieurs sources est nécessaire pour cette recherche. (Consulting several sources is necessary for this research.)

consultation, consult, check, read, refer to, reference (noun [f]: reading) ●

• Ce document est disponible pour consultation dans la salle de lecture. (This document is available for reference in the reading room.)

advice, opinion, counsel (noun [f]: specialist’s view) ●

• Nous avons besoin de la consultation d’un avocat spécialisé. (We need advice from a specialist lawyer.)

invitation to tender, request for proposal, RFP (noun [f]: France – limited call for bids) ●

• L’entreprise a répondu à la consultation lancée par la mairie. (The company responded to the invitation to tender issued by the town hall.)

québécois [kebekwa]

Quebec, of Quebec, from Quebec (adjective: from Quebec) ●

• La cuisine québécoise comprend de nombreux plats traditionnels. (Quebec cuisine includes many traditional dishes.)

Quebecer, Quebecker, Quebecois (noun [m/f]: citizen of Quebec) ●

• Les Québécois sont réputés pour leur hospitalité. (Quebecers are renowned for their hospitality.)

Canadian French, Quebec French (noun [m]: language) ●

• Le québécois contient plusieurs expressions uniques. (Canadian French contains several unique expressions.)

ordonner [ɔʁdɔne]

order (transitive verb: give a command) ●

• Le général a ordonné la retraite des troupes. (The general ordered the withdrawal of the troops.)

order to do, command to do, tell to do (transitive verb: give an order to someone) ●

• Le juge a ordonné aux témoins de quitter la salle. (The judge ordered the witnesses to leave the room.)

put in order, order, arrange (transitive verb: classify) ●

• Il faut ordonner ces dossiers par ordre alphabétique. (These files need to be put in alphabetical order.)

tidy, order, arrange, organize, organise, put in order (transitive verb: tidy up) ●

• Je dois ordonner mon bureau avant la réunion de demain. (I need to tidy my office before tomorrow’s meeting.)

put in order, get in order (transitive verb: figurative – organize) ●

• J’ai besoin de quelques minutes pour ordonner mes pensées. (I need a few minutes to put my thoughts in order.)

organize itself, organise itself, fall into place (reflexive verb: be organized) ●

• Progressivement, tout s’ordonne dans ma tête et je comprends mieux. (Gradually, everything falls into place in my head and I understand better.)

prescribe (transitive verb: medical) ●

• Le médecin m’a ordonné du repos complet pendant une semaine. (The doctor prescribed me complete rest for a week.)

ordain (transitive verb: make priest) ●

• L’évêque a ordonné trois nouveaux prêtres dimanche dernier. (The bishop ordained three new priests last Sunday.)

bonjour [bɔ̃ʒuʁ]

hello (interjection: greeting) ●

• Bonjour, comment ça va aujourd’hui ? (Hello, how are you today?)

hello, regards (noun [m]: salutation) ●

• Passe le bonjour à ton frère de ma part. (Say hello to your brother for me.)

good morning (interjection: greeting before noon) ●

• Bonjour tout le monde, êtes-vous prêts pour le cours ? (Good morning everyone, are you ready for class?)

good afternoon (interjection: greeting after noon) ●

• Bonjour messieurs, je vous remercie d’être venus. (Good afternoon gentlemen, thank you for coming.)

good day (interjection: dated greeting) ●

• Bonjour madame la comtesse, quel plaisir de vous voir. (Good day, Countess, what a pleasure to see you.)

morale [mɔʁal]

morality, morals (noun [f]: good conduct) ●

• La morale nous interdit de mentir pour notre profit personnel. (Morality forbids us from lying for personal gain.)

moral, moral of the story (noun [f]: lesson) ●

• La morale de cette histoire est qu’il faut toujours dire la vérité. (The moral of this story is that you must always tell the truth.)

contester [kɔ̃tɛste]

contest (transitive verb: to protest) ●

• L’accusé a contesté les accusations portées contre lui. (The accused contested the charges brought against him.)

nécessairement [nesesɛʁmɑ̃]

necessarily, inevitably, unavoidably (adverb: obligatorily) ●

• Pour réussir cet examen, il faut nécessairement étudier tous les chapitres. (To pass this exam, you must necessarily study all the chapters.)

détermination [detɛʁminasjɔ̃]

determination (noun [f]: resolution) ●

• Il a montré une grande détermination en terminant le marathon malgré sa blessure. (He showed great determination in finishing the marathon despite his injury.)

determining, establishing (noun [f]: definition) ●

• La détermination des causes de l’accident a pris plusieurs semaines. (Determining the causes of the accident took several weeks.)

congrès [kɔ̃ɡʁɛ]

congress, convention, conference (noun [m]: meeting) ●

• Les scientifiques se réunissent au congrès international de médecine. (The scientists are meeting at the international medical congress.)

congress (noun [m]: meeting of two assemblies) ●

• Le congrès se réunit à Versailles pour modifier la Constitution. (Congress meets at Versailles to amend the Constitution.)

semblable [sɑ̃blabl]

similar, alike (adjective: resembling) ●

• Ces deux tableaux sont très semblables, mais l’un est un original. (These two paintings are very similar, but one is an original.)

similar to, like (adjective: resembling something) ●

• Cette situation est semblable à celle que nous avons connue l’année dernière. (This situation is similar to the one we experienced last year.)

fellow, fellow human (noun [m/f]: person of same nature) ●

• Il faut respecter ses semblables et les traiter avec dignité. (We must respect our fellow humans and treat them with dignity.)

such, like this, like that (adjective: of this type) ●

• Je n’ai jamais vu une semblable tempête de neige auparavant. (I have never seen such a snowstorm before.)

préoccuper [pʁeɔkype]

worry about, be a worry for (transitive verb: to concern) ●

• L’avenir de mes enfants me préoccupe beaucoup en ce moment. (My children’s future worries me a lot right now.)

worry about, be concerned about (reflexive verb: to be concerned) ●

• Elle se préoccupe trop de l’opinion des autres. (She worries too much about other people’s opinions.)

dépôt [depo]

deposit (noun [m]: money or document submission) ●

• Je dois faire un dépôt de 500 euros sur mon compte bancaire. (I need to make a deposit of 500 euros in my bank account.)

warehouse, store (noun [m]: storage location) ●

• Les marchandises sont stockées dans le dépôt jusqu’à leur livraison. (The goods are stored in the warehouse until delivery.)

delivery (noun [m]: act of depositing something) ●

• Le dépôt des colis se fait tous les matins avant dix heures. (The delivery of packages takes place every morning before ten o’clock.)

sediment, deposit (noun [m]: residue) ●

• Il y a un dépôt au fond de la bouteille de vin rouge. (There is sediment at the bottom of the red wine bottle.)

counter, kiosk (noun [m]: sales point) ●

• Le camping a ouvert un dépôt de journaux pendant la saison estivale. (The campsite opened a newspaper kiosk during the summer season.)

considération [kɔ̃sideʁasjɔ̃]

consideration, account (noun [f]: taking into account) ●

• Nous devons prendre en considération toutes les options possibles. (We must take all possible options into consideration.)

regard, esteem, respect (noun [f]: high opinion) ●

• Ce professeur est tenu en haute considération par tous ses étudiants. (This professor is held in high regard by all his students.)

multiplier [myltiplije]

multiply (transitive verb: to perform the arithmetic operation) ●

• Les enfants apprennent à multiplier dès l’école primaire. (Children learn to multiply in elementary school.)

multiply, times (transitive verb: to add a number multiple times) ●

• Si tu multiplies cinq par trois, tu obtiens quinze. (If you multiply five by three, you get fifteen.)

multiply, breed, reproduce (reflexive verb: to reproduce) ●

• Les bactéries se multiplient rapidement dans des conditions favorables. (Bacteria multiply rapidly in favorable conditions.)

multiply, increase (transitive verb: to repeat an action many times) ●

• Le gouvernement multiplie les efforts pour réduire le chômage. (The government is multiplying its efforts to reduce unemployment.)

multiply, increase (reflexive verb: to become more numerous) ●

• Les accidents se multiplient sur cette route dangereuse. (Accidents are multiplying on this dangerous road.)

multiply, increase, propagate (transitive verb: to reproduce organisms) ●

• Ce jardinier sait multiplier les plantes rares avec succès. (This gardener knows how to propagate rare plants successfully.)

dame [dam]

lady, woman (noun [f]: a woman) ●

• Une dame élégante est entrée dans le magasin. (An elegant lady entered the shop.)

queen (noun [f]: the playing card) ●

• J’ai une dame de cœur dans ma main. (I have a queen of hearts in my hand.)

queen (noun [f]: the chess piece) ●

• La dame est la pièce la plus puissante aux échecs. (The queen is the most powerful piece in chess.)

draughts, checkers (noun [f] pl: the board game) ●

• Mon grand-père m’a appris à jouer aux dames. (My grandfather taught me to play checkers.)

wife, lady wife, missus (noun [f]: informal term for spouse) ●

• Comment va votre dame ces jours-ci ? (How is your wife doing these days?)

lady, dame (noun [f]: title of nobility) ●

• La dame du château accueillait ses invités avec grâce. (The lady of the castle welcomed her guests with grace.)

joie [ʒwa]

joy, pleasure, delight, glee (noun [f]: happiness and satisfaction) ●

• Quelle joie de te revoir après toutes ces années ! (What a joy to see you again after all these years!)

durable [dyʁabl]

lasting, durable, that will last (adjective: long-lasting) ●

• Ces chaussures sont fabriquées avec des matériaux durables. (These shoes are made with durable materials.)

sustainable (adjective: ecologically sustainable) ●

• Le développement durable est essentiel pour protéger notre planète. (Sustainable development is essential to protect our planet.)

faim [fɛ̃]

hunger (noun [f]: desire to eat) ●

• J’ai faim, allons manger quelque chose. (I’m hungry, let’s go eat something.)

hunger, famine (noun [f]: widespread food scarcity) ●

• Des millions de personnes souffrent de la faim dans le monde. (Millions of people suffer from hunger in the world.)

hunger, thirst, desire, yearning (noun [f]: figurative desire for something) ●

• Cette athlète a une faim de victoire impressionnante. (This athlete has an impressive hunger for victory.)

excuser [ɛkskyze]

excuse, be sorry (transitive verb: to pardon someone) ●

• Excusez-moi, je suis en retard. (Excuse me, I’m late.)

apologize, apologise, offer apologies (reflexive verb: to ask for forgiveness) ●

• Il s’est excusé auprès de ses collègues pour son erreur. (He apologized to his colleagues for his mistake.)

apologize for, say sorry for (reflexive verb: to ask pardon for something) ●

• Elle s’est excusée de son retard auprès du professeur. (She apologized to the teacher for her lateness.)

excuse, forgive (transitive verb: to pardon someone for something) ●

• Je vous prie d’excuser mon absence à la réunion. (Please excuse my absence from the meeting.)

excuse, forgive (transitive verb: to pardon behavior) ●

• Il faut excuser son comportement, il traverse une période difficile. (We must excuse his behavior; he’s going through a difficult time.)

excuse, justify, defend (transitive verb: to find acceptable) ●

• Rien ne peut excuser un tel manque de respect. (Nothing can excuse such disrespect.)

excuse (reflexive verb: to politely contradict) ●

• Je m’excuse, mais je ne suis pas d’accord avec cette version des faits. (Excuse me, but I don’t agree with this version of the facts.)

recommander [ʁəkɔmɑ̃de]

recommend (transitive verb: to advise strongly) ●

• Je recommande ce livre à tous mes étudiants. (I recommend this book to all my students.)

reorder, order again (transitive verb: to order something again) ●

• Nous devons recommander du papier pour le bureau. (We need to reorder paper for the office.)

concept [kɔ̃sɛpt]

concept, conception (noun [m]: idea or principle) ●

• Le concept de liberté est fondamental dans notre société. (The concept of freedom is fundamental in our society.)

cerveau [sɛʁvo]

brain (noun [m]: the organ) ●

• Le cerveau humain contient des milliards de neurones. (The human brain contains billions of neurons.)

head (noun [m]: figurative seat of thought) ●

• Utilise ton cerveau avant de prendre une décision aussi importante ! (Use your head before making such an important decision!)

mastermind, brains (noun [m]: figurative leader) ●

• La police a arrêté le cerveau de l’opération criminelle. (The police arrested the mastermind behind the criminal operation.)

great mind, brainbox (noun [m]: figurative intelligent person) ●

• Marie est un véritable cerveau, elle a publié plusieurs articles scientifiques. (Marie is a real brainbox; she has published several scientific articles.)

truc [tʁyk]

trick (noun [m]: clever method) ●

• J’ai un truc pour ouvrir ce bocal facilement. (I have a trick to open this jar easily.)

thingummy, thingy, thing (noun [m]: informal unimportant object) ●

• Passe-moi le truc qui est sur la table, s’il te plaît. (Pass me the thingy that’s on the table, please.)

stuff, thing (noun [m]: pejorative rumor) ●

• On raconte des trucs bizarres sur ce nouveau voisin. (People are saying weird stuff about this new neighbor.)

allié [alje]

ally (noun [m/f]: person or country united by treaty) ●

• La France et les États-Unis sont devenus alliés depuis la Première Guerre mondiale. (France and the United States have been allies since World War I.)

allied, united, combined, joined (adjective: linked by agreement or alliance) ●

• Les forces alliées ont libéré l’Europe en 1945. (The allied forces liberated Europe in 1945.)

ally, partner (noun [m/f]: business associate or collaborator) ●

• Dans ce projet complexe, nous avons besoin d’alliés fiables et expérimentés. (In this complex project, we need reliable and experienced allies.)

scolaire [skɔlɛʁ]

school (adjective: relating to a school or education) ●

• Le transport scolaire arrive à sept heures et demie chaque matin. (School transport arrives at seven-thirty every morning.)

academic, educational, scholastic (adjective: relating to education) ●

• Son parcours scolaire a été brillant du début à la fin. (Her academic career was brilliant from start to finish.)

schoolchild, student, school pupil (noun [m/f]: pupil or student) ●

• Le musée propose des tarifs réduits pour les scolaires. (The museum offers reduced rates for schoolchildren.)

didactic, pedagogic, pedantic, unimaginative, formal (adjective: overly didactic or unimaginative) ●

• Cette approche scolaire ne convient pas aux étudiants créatifs. (This didactic approach doesn’t suit creative students.)

arabe [aʁab]

Arabic (noun [m]: the Arabic language) ●

• Mon fils apprend l’arabe à l’université depuis deux ans. (My son has been learning Arabic at university for two years.)

Arab (adjective: relating to Arab people or countries) ●

• Les traditions arabes sont riches et variées selon les régions. (Arab traditions are rich and varied depending on the region.)

Arab (noun [m/f]: person from Arabia or Arab country) ●

• Beaucoup d’Arabes vivent dans les pays du Golfe persique. (Many Arabs live in the Persian Gulf countries.)

Arabic (adjective: relating to the Arabic language) ●

• L’alphabet arabe s’écrit de droite à gauche. (The Arabic alphabet is written from right to left.)

Arabian (adjective: relating to Arabian literature or art) ●

• Les contes des Mille et Une Nuits représentent la littérature arabe classique. (The Tales of One Thousand and One Nights represent classical Arabian literature.)

diffuser [difɥze]

broadcast (transitive verb: transmit on TV or radio) ●

• Cette chaîne diffuse les informations toutes les heures. (This channel broadcasts the news every hour.)

give off, release, spread, diffuse (transitive verb: spread smell, light, or heat) ●

• Les bougies parfumées diffusent une odeur agréable dans toute la pièce. (The scented candles give off a pleasant smell throughout the room.)

circulate, distribute, publish, post (transitive verb: distribute newspapers, information, or books) ●

• L’entreprise diffuse ses rapports annuels aux actionnaires en janvier. (The company distributes its annual reports to shareholders in January.)

broadcast, be on the air (intransitive verb: transmit programs) ●

• Cette nouvelle station diffuse depuis le mois dernier. (This new station has been broadcasting since last month.)

diffuse, spread (reflexive verb: spread or propagate) ●

• La lumière se diffuse uniformément dans toute la salle grâce aux miroirs. (The light diffuses uniformly throughout the room thanks to the mirrors.)

budgétaire [bydʒetɛʁ]

budgetary (adjective: relating to the budget) ●

• Les contraintes budgétaires nous obligent à reporter certains investissements. (Budgetary constraints force us to postpone certain investments.)

inquiétant [ɛ̃kjetɑ̃]

worrying, disturbing, troubling, concerning, disquieting, unsettling (adjective: causing worry or anxiety) ●

• La disparition soudaine de notre voisin est très inquiétante. (The sudden disappearance of our neighbor is very worrying.)

inclure [ɛ̃klyʁ]

include, cover, incorporate (transitive verb: contain or comprise) ●

• Le prix inclut le petit-déjeuner et le dîner. (The price includes breakfast and dinner.)

include, involve (transitive verb: make part of a group) ●

• N’oubliez pas d’inclure Marie dans la liste des invités. (Don’t forget to include Marie on the guest list.)

include, attach, enclose (transitive verb: incorporate or add to document) ●

• Veuillez inclure votre curriculum vitae avec la lettre de motivation. (Please enclose your resume with the cover letter.)

style [stil]

style (noun [m]: artist’s manner or technique) ●

• Le style de ce peintre est immédiatement reconnaissable. (This painter’s style is immediately recognizable.)

style, way, way of doing things (noun [m]: manner or method) ●

• Chacun a son propre style de travail. (Everyone has their own working style.)

look, style, style of dress (noun [m]: fashion or clothing style) ●

• Elle a développé un style vestimentaire très original. (She has developed a very original style of dress.)

gnomon (noun [m]: rod of a sundial) ●

• Le style du cadran solaire projette son ombre sur les chiffres. (The sundial’s gnomon casts its shadow on the numbers.)

combler [kɔ̃ble]

fill, fill in (transitive verb: fill a hole or gap) ●

• Les ouvriers vont combler le trou dans la chaussée demain. (The workers will fill in the hole in the road tomorrow.)

fill, make up for (transitive verb: remedy a deficiency or lack) ●

• Cette formation va combler mes lacunes en informatique. (This training will fill in the gaps in my IT knowledge.)

fill, fulfil, fulfill, satisfy (transitive verb: satisfy or fulfill someone) ●

• Ce nouveau poste me comble entièrement. (This new position fulfills me completely.)

lavish on, shower with (transitive verb: bestow generously upon someone) ●

• Ses grands-parents la comblent de cadeaux à chaque anniversaire. (Her grandparents shower her with gifts every birthday.)

ombre [ɔ̃bʁ]

shadow (noun [f]: dark shape cast by object blocking light) ●

• J’ai aperçu une ombre étrange derrière le rideau. (I glimpsed a strange shadow behind the curtain.)

shade (noun [f]: area sheltered from sun) ●

• Nous nous sommes assis à l’ombre d’un grand chêne pour pique-niquer. (We sat in the shade of a large oak tree to have a picnic.)

annuler [anyle]

cancel (transitive verb: remove from schedule) ●

• Je dois annuler mon vol pour demain. (I need to cancel my flight for tomorrow.)

undo (transitive verb: reverse an action) ●

• L’ordinateur permet d’annuler la dernière commande. (The computer allows you to undo the last command.)

undo (transitive verb: neutralize) ●

• Ces deux forces s’opposent et annulent leurs effets. (These two forces oppose each other and undo their effects.)

cancel each other out (reflexive verb: neutralize each other) ●

• En mathématiques, ces deux termes s’annulent mutuellement. (In mathematics, these two terms cancel each other out.)

annul (transitive verb: render null) ●

• Le juge a décidé d’annuler le contrat frauduleux. (The judge decided to annul the fraudulent contract.)

overturn (transitive verb: verdict) ●

• La cour d’appel va annuler cette condamnation injuste. (The appeals court will overturn this unjust conviction.)

joueur [ʒwœʀ]

player (noun [m]: game) ●

• Mon cousin est un excellent joueur d’échecs. (My cousin is an excellent chess player.)

player (noun [m]: sport) ●

• L’équipe a besoin de nouveaux joueurs cette année. (The team needs new players this year.)

playful (adjective: likes to have fun) ●

• Ce chat est particulièrement joueur avec les enfants. (This cat is particularly playful with children.)

player (noun [m]: instrument) ●

• Ce joueur de piano participe au concert de ce soir. (This piano player is performing in tonight’s concert.)

gambler (noun [m]: bettor) ●

• Ce joueur passe toutes ses soirées au casino. (This gambler spends all his evenings at the casino.)

player (noun [m]: bettor) ●

• Les joueurs affluent vers les hippodromes chaque week-end. (Players flock to the racetracks every weekend.)

player (adjective: likes to take risks) ●

• Elle a un tempérament joueur dans les affaires. (She has a player attitude in business.)

risk-taker (noun [m]: person who likes taking risks) ●

• Marc est un joueur né, il adore les défis impossibles. (Marc is a born risk-taker; he loves impossible challenges.)

player (noun [m]: willing to take risks) ●

• Tu dois être joueur pour accepter ce pari risqué. (You have to be a player to accept this risky bet.)

-ist (suffix: instrument) ●

• Elle rêve de devenir une joueuse de flûte professionnelle. (She dreams of becoming a professional flautist.)

punter (noun [m]: bettor, UK informal) ●

• Les joueurs britanniques utilisent souvent ce terme argotique. (British punters often use this slang term.)

bloquer [blɔke]

block (transitive verb: physically obstruct) ●

• Une voiture bloque complètement la sortie du parking. (A car is completely blocking the parking exit.)

block (transitive verb: figuratively obstruct) ●

• Cette coalition bloque toutes nos propositions de loi. (This coalition blocks all our legislative proposals.)

get stuck (reflexive verb: jam) ●

• La porte s’est bloquée à cause de l’humidité. (The door got stuck because of the humidity.)

obstruct (transitive verb: physically obstruct) ●

• Ces cartons bloquent le passage vers la cave. (These boxes are obstructing the passage to the cellar.)

get in the way of (transitive verb: physically obstruct) ●

• Ne bloquez pas l’entrée avec vos bagages. (Don’t get in the way of the entrance with your luggage.)

jam (reflexive verb: become jammed) ●

• L’imprimante se bloque souvent pendant l’impression. (The printer often jams during printing.)

get jammed (reflexive verb: become stuck) ●

• Les roues se sont bloquées dans la boue. (The wheels got jammed in the mud.)

block off (transitive verb: close to traffic) ●

• Les autorités ont bloqué toutes les routes principales. (The authorities have blocked off all the main roads.)

tighten (transitive verb: secure firmly) ●

• Il faut bloquer les vis avant de monter l’échelle. (You need to tighten the screws before climbing the ladder.)

close (transitive verb: close to traffic) ●

• On bloque cette avenue pendant les travaux. (They’re closing this avenue during the works.)

cordon off (transitive verb: police, security) ●

• La police a bloqué le périmètre autour de l’incident. (The police cordoned off the perimeter around the incident.)

obstruct (transitive verb: figuratively obstruct) ●

• Certains députés bloquent les réformes nécessaires. (Some deputies are obstructing the necessary reforms.)

impede (transitive verb: figuratively obstruct) ●

• Cette bureaucratie bloque le développement économique. (This bureaucracy impedes economic development.)

prevent (transitive verb: figuratively obstruct) ●

• Ses craintes bloquent toute initiative créative. (His fears prevent any creative initiative.)

block (transitive verb: Internet access) ●

• Le pare-feu bloque les sites dangereux automatiquement. (The firewall automatically blocks dangerous sites.)

interprétation [ɛ̃tɛʀpʀetasjɔ̃]

interpretation (noun [f]: explanation) ●

• Quelle est votre interprétation de ce poème complexe ? (What is your interpretation of this complex poem?)

reading (noun [f]: explanation) ●

• Son interprétation des événements diffère de la mienne. (His reading of the events differs from mine.)

performance (noun [f]: actor, singer) ●

• L’interprétation de cette comédienne était exceptionnelle. (This actress’s performance was exceptional.)

rendition (noun [f]: song) ●

• J’ai adoré son interprétation de cette chanson classique. (I loved her rendition of this classic song.)

version (noun [f]: song) ●

• Chaque artiste propose une interprétation différente. (Each artist offers a different version.)

rendering (noun [f]: artistic representation) ●

• Cette interprétation musicale respecte l’esprit baroque. (This musical rendering respects the Baroque spirit.)

interpretation (noun [f]: artistic representation) ●

• Le metteur en scène a choisi une interprétation moderne. (The director chose a modern interpretation.)

climat [klima]

climate (noun [m]: meteorology) ●

• Le climat de cette région est doux toute l’année. (The climate of this region is mild all year round.)

climate (noun [m]: figurative atmosphere) ●

• Le climat politique devient de plus en plus tendu. (The political climate is becoming increasingly tense.)

atmosphere (noun [m]: figurative ambiance) ●

• Il règne un climat de confiance dans cette entreprise. (There’s an atmosphere of trust in this company.)

séjour [seʒuʀ]

stay (noun [m]: temporary residence) ●

• Nous avons prévu un séjour de trois semaines en Italie. (We have planned a three-week stay in Italy.)

living room (noun [m]: room in apartment, UK) ●

• Le séjour donne directement sur le balcon. (The living room opens directly onto the balcony.)

lounge/diner (noun [m]: room in apartment, UK) ●

• Notre séjour fait aussi office de salle à manger. (Our lounge also serves as a dining room.)

lounge/dining room (noun [m]: room in apartment, UK) ●

• Le séjour mesure environ trente mètres carrés. (The lounge/dining room measures about thirty square meters.)

family room (noun [m]: room in apartment, US) ●

• Toute la famille se retrouve dans le séjour le soir. (The whole family gathers in the family room in the evening.)

sojourn (noun [m]: formal stay) ●

• Son séjour à Paris fut bref mais mémorable. (His sojourn in Paris was brief but memorable.)

guider [gide]

guide (transitive verb: lead, conduct) ●

• Je vais vous guider jusqu’à la salle de conférence. (I will guide you to the conference room.)

lead (transitive verb: conduct) ●

• L’étoile polaire guidait les navigateurs autrefois. (The North Star used to lead navigators.)

guide (transitive verb: give trajectory) ●

• L’ouvrier guide la planche vers la machine. (The worker guides the plank toward the machine.)

guide (transitive verb: figuratively advise) ●

• Un bon professeur sait guider ses élèves avec patience. (A good teacher knows how to guide students with patience.)

provide guidance to (transitive verb: figuratively advise) ●

• Les parents doivent guider leurs enfants dans leurs décisions. (Parents must provide guidance to their children in their decisions.)

provide with guidance (transitive verb: figuratively advise) ●

• Ce mentor guide les jeunes entrepreneurs efficacement. (This mentor provides young entrepreneurs with guidance effectively.)

herd (transitive verb: animals) ●

• Le chien aide à guider le troupeau vers l’étable. (The dog helps to herd the flock towards the barn.)

spécialiser [spesjalize]

specialize in (reflexive verb: deepen knowledge) ●

• Elle a décidé de se spécialiser en cardiologie. (She decided to specialize in cardiology.)

specialise in (reflexive verb: deepen knowledge, UK) ●

• Mon frère se spécialise en droit international. (My brother specialises in international law.)

adapt (transitive verb: adapt precisely) ●

• Nous devons spécialiser cet outil pour cette tâche précise. (We must adapt this tool for this specific task.)

adapt specially (transitive verb: adapt precisely) ●

• L’équipe a spécialisé ce logiciel pour nos besoins. (The team adapted this software specially for our needs.)

bien [bjɛ̃]

well (adverb: satisfactorily) ●

• Elle parle bien anglais après son séjour à Londres. (She speaks English well after her stay in London.)

good (adjective: satisfactory quality) ●

• Ce restaurant est vraiment bien pour le prix. (This restaurant is really good for the price.)

be good (verb phrase: be conforming, correct) ●

• C’est bien d’avoir pensé à apporter des fleurs. (It’s good to have thought of bringing flowers.)

be nice (verb phrase: impersonal be pleasant) ●

• Il fait bien être assis au soleil sans rien faire. (It’s nice to sit in the sun doing nothing.)

feel good (verb phrase: be comfortable) ●

• Je suis bien dans ce fauteuil moelleux. (I feel good in this soft armchair.)

the good (noun [m]: moral conduct) ●

• Il cherche toujours à faire le bien autour de lui. (He always seeks to do the good around him.)

goods (noun [m]: possessions) ●

• Le testament divise tous ses biens entre ses enfants. (The will divides all his goods among his children.)

well (adverb: a lot, very much) ●

• J’ai bien réfléchi avant de prendre cette décision. (I thought well before making this decision.)

a lot (pronoun: very much) ●

• Il a bien changé depuis notre dernière rencontre. (He has changed a lot since our last meeting.)

fine (adjective: satisfactory) ●

• Cette solution me semble bien pour résoudre le problème. (This solution seems fine to me to solve the problem.)

suitable (adjective: conforming to standard) ●

• Aucune de ces robes n’est bien pour l’occasion. (None of these dresses is suitable for the occasion.)

right (adjective: conforming to standard) ●

• Est-ce que c’est bien la bonne adresse que tu m’as donnée ? (Is this the right address you gave me?)

nice (adjective: appreciated, desired) ●

• Ce serait bien de partir en vacances ensemble cet été. (It would be nice to go on vacation together this summer.)

great (adjective: appreciated, desired) ●

• C’est bien que tu aies réussi ton examen ! (It’s great that you passed your exam!)

good (adjective: correct, moral) ●

• C’est une personne bien qui aide toujours les autres. (She’s a good person who always helps others.)

be a good thing (verb phrase: be conforming, correct) ●

• C’est bien que tu sois venu me soutenir aujourd’hui. (It’s a good thing you came to support me today.)

be good to do (verb phrase: be conforming, correct) ●

• C’est bien de respecter les opinions différentes. (It’s good to respect different opinions.)

be a good idea to do (verb phrase: be appropriate) ●

• Ce serait bien de vérifier les informations avant de publier. (It would be a good idea to check the information before publishing.)

be a good thing to do (verb phrase: be appropriate) ●

• C’est bien de s’excuser quand on a tort. (It’s a good thing to apologize when you’re wrong.)

be good for to do (verb phrase: be appropriate for someone) ●

• Ce serait bien que tu ranges ta chambre avant ce soir. (It would be good for you to tidy your room before tonight.)

be good if did (verb phrase: be appropriate if someone did) ●

• Ça serait bien que vous arriviez à l’heure demain. (It would be good if you arrived on time tomorrow.)

good (noun [m]: someone’s benefit) ●

• Il agit toujours pour le bien de sa famille. (He always acts for the good of his family.)

sake (noun [m]: someone’s benefit) ●

• Elle fait des sacrifices pour le bien de ses enfants. (She makes sacrifices for the sake of her children.)

welfare (noun [m]: someone’s benefit) ●

• Le gouvernement travaille pour le bien des citoyens. (The government works for the welfare of citizens.)

interest (noun [m]: someone’s benefit) ●

• Les décisions sont prises pour le bien de l’entreprise. (Decisions are made for the interest of the company.)

be good (verb phrase: impersonal be pleasant) ●

• C’est bien de se retrouver entre amis après longtemps. (It’s good to get together with friends after a long time.)

be lovely (verb phrase: impersonal be pleasant) ●

• Qu’il est bien de se promener dans ce parc ! (How lovely it is to walk in this park!)

possession (noun [m]: property, often plural) ●

• Elle a vendu tous ses biens avant de partir à l’étranger. (She sold all her possessions before going abroad.)

property (noun [m]: possessions) ●

• Les biens immobiliers représentent la majorité de sa fortune. (Real estate property represents the majority of his fortune.)

sport [spɔʀ]

sport (noun [m]: game) ●

• Le basketball est un sport que j’adore pratiquer. (Basketball is a sport I love to play.)

sports (noun [m] pl: games) ●

• Les sports collectifs développent l’esprit d’équipe. (Team sports develop team spirit.)

exercise (noun [m]: physical activity) ●

• Le médecin recommande de faire du sport régulièrement. (The doctor recommends doing exercise regularly.)

sport (noun [m]: physical activity) ●

• Le sport est essentiel pour maintenir une bonne santé. (Sport is essential to maintain good health.)

P.E. (noun [m]: physical education class, UK abbreviation) ●

• Les élèves ont sport tous les mardis après-midi. (Students have P.E. every Tuesday afternoon.)

Phys. Ed. (noun [m]: physical education class, US abbreviation) ●

• Il déteste le sport mais adore les mathématiques. (He hates Phys. Ed. but loves mathematics.)

casual (adjective: informal outfit) ●

• Cette veste sport convient parfaitement au week-end. (This casual jacket is perfect for the weekend.)

physical education (noun [m]: formal PE class) ●

• Le programme de sport inclut natation et athlétisme. (The physical education program includes swimming and athletics.)

games (noun [m]: PE class, UK) ●

• Aujourd’hui en sport, nous jouons au rugby. (Today in games, we’re playing rugby.)

amélioration

enhancement, improvement (noun [f]: betterment) ●

• L’amélioration de la qualité de l’eau est une priorité pour la ville. (The improvement of water quality is a priority for the city.)

refinement (noun [f]: perfecting) ●

• Cette nouvelle version apporte une amélioration significative de l’interface. (This new version brings a significant refinement to the interface.)

improvement (noun [f]: beneficial modification) ●

• On observe une nette amélioration de la situation économique. (We are seeing a clear improvement in the economic situation.)

improvements (noun [f] pl: maintenance operations) ●

• Les améliorations de la maison ont pris trois mois. (The improvements to the house took three months.)

upgrade (noun [f] pl: maintenance operations) ●

• L’entreprise a financé les améliorations nécessaires du système informatique. (The company financed the necessary upgrades to the computer system.)

betterment (noun [f] pl: maintenance operations) ●

• Ces améliorations visent le bien-être des résidents. (These betterments aim at the well-being of the residents.)

douleur

pain (noun [f]: physical pain) ●

• Elle ressent une douleur intense dans le dos. (She feels intense pain in her back.)

pain (noun [f]: emotional suffering) ●

• La douleur de la perte de son père était insupportable. (The pain of losing his father was unbearable.)

suffering (noun [f]: emotional suffering) ●

• Sa douleur morale se lisait sur son visage. (Her emotional suffering showed on her face.)

grief (noun [f]: emotional suffering) ●

• Après l’accident, elle a vécu une profonde douleur. (After the accident, she experienced profound grief.)

sorrow (noun [f]: emotional suffering) ●

• La douleur causée par la trahison ne s’oublie pas facilement. (The sorrow caused by betrayal is not easily forgotten.)

issue

exit, way out (noun [f]: physical exit) ●

• Il faut toujours repérer les issues avant d’entrer dans un bâtiment. (You should always locate the exits before entering a building.)

outcome (noun [f]: conclusion) ●

• L’issue des négociations reste incertaine. (The outcome of the negotiations remains uncertain.)

conclusion (noun [f]: end result) ●

• Quelle sera l’issue de cette affaire juridique? (What will be the conclusion of this legal matter?)

généreux [ʒeneʁø]

generous (adjective: charitable person) ●

• Mon oncle est très généreux avec ses neveux. (My uncle is very generous with his nephews.)

large, generous (adjective: ample meal) ●

• Le restaurant sert des portions généreuses. (The restaurant serves generous portions.)

fertile (adjective: productive soil) ●

• Cette région possède un sol généreux qui produit d’excellents vins. (This region has fertile soil that produces excellent wines.)

absent [absɑ̃]

absent (adjective: person not present) ●

• Trois étudiants sont absents aujourd’hui. (Three students are absent today.)

not here (adjective: person not present) ●

• Désolé, le directeur est absent ce matin. (Sorry, the director is not here this morning.)

not there (adverb: person not elsewhere) ●

• Quand je suis arrivé au bureau, mon collègue était absent. (When I arrived at the office, my colleague was not there.)

away (adverb: person not present) ●

• Le médecin sera absent pendant deux semaines. (The doctor will be away for two weeks.)

absentee (noun [m/f]: person not present) ●

• Les absents ont raté une réunion importante. (The absentees missed an important meeting.)

absence (noun: thing that is missing) ●

• L’empathie est complètement absente de son discours. (There is a complete absence of empathy in his speech.)

missing, absent (adjective: thing that is lacking) ●

• La conclusion est absente de ce rapport. (The conclusion is missing from this report.)

distant (adjective: distracted person) ●

• Il semble absent depuis quelques jours, préoccupé par quelque chose. (He seems distant for the past few days, preoccupied by something.)

miles away (adjective: distracted person) ●

• Pendant la réunion, elle avait l’air absente, comme perdue dans ses pensées. (During the meeting, she seemed miles away, as if lost in her thoughts.)

out of it (adjective: distracted person) ●

• Après la mauvaise nouvelle, il était complètement absent. (After the bad news, he was completely out of it.)

absent-minded (adjective: distracted condition) ●

• Elle a toujours été un peu absente, oubliant souvent ses clés. (She has always been a bit absent-minded, often forgetting her keys.)

talent [talɑ̃]

talent (noun [m]: natural aptitude) ●

• Mon cousin a un talent exceptionnel pour les mathématiques. (My cousin has an exceptional talent for mathematics.)

talent (noun [m]: gifted person) ●

• Cette école accueille les plus grands talents de la région. (This school welcomes the greatest talents in the region.)

talented person, gifted person (noun [m]: gifted individual) ●

• Nous cherchons des talents pour rejoindre notre équipe. (We are looking for talented people to join our team.)

normalement [nɔʁmalmɑ̃]

normally (adverb: in a normal manner) ●

• Après son opération, il peut marcher normalement. (After his operation, he can walk normally.)

as you would usually, as you usually would (adverb: in a normal manner) ●

• Malgré le stress, il faut respirer normalement. (Despite the stress, you need to breathe as you usually would.)

in a normal way, in a normal manner (adverb: in a normal manner) ●

• Essayez de vous comporter normalement devant les invités. (Try to behave in a normal way in front of the guests.)

usually, normally, generally, typically (adverb: habitually) ●

• Normalement, je prends le bus à huit heures. (I usually take the bus at eight o’clock.)

habitually (adverb: customarily) ●

• Normalement, elle travaille tard le vendredi. (She habitually works late on Friday.)

should (verb aux: if all goes well) ●

• Normalement, les résultats seront publiés demain. (The results should be published tomorrow.)

remarque [ʁəmaʁk]

remark, comment, observation (noun [f]: written note) ●

• Le professeur a ajouté quelques remarques utiles dans mon devoir. (The professor added several useful remarks to my assignment.)

remark, comment (noun [f]: disapproval) ●

• Son patron lui a fait une remarque sur ses retards répétés. (His boss made a remark to him about his repeated lateness.)

détourner [detuʁne]

divert (transitive verb: change initial route) ●

• Les autorités ont décidé de détourner la circulation pendant les travaux. (The authorities decided to divert traffic during the construction work.)

reroute (transitive verb: change initial route) ●

• L’inondation a obligé la ville à détourner le fleuve. (The flood forced the city to reroute the river.)

turn away (reflexive verb: turn head aside) ●

• Elle s’est détournée rapidement pour ne pas pleurer devant lui. (She turned away quickly to avoid crying in front of him.)

look away, turn aside (reflexive verb: turn head aside) ●

• Il se détourne chaque fois qu’il voit une scène violente. (He looks away every time he sees a violent scene.)

distort, twist (transitive verb: change purpose) ●

• Les médias ont détourné ses paroles pour créer un scandale. (The media distorted his words to create a scandal.)

turn away from (reflexive verb: distance oneself) ●

• Beaucoup de jeunes se détournent de la politique traditionnelle. (Many young people are turning away from traditional politics.)

turn your back on (reflexive verb: distance oneself) ●

• Il s’est détourné de ses anciens amis après son succès. (He turned his back on his old friends after his success.)

hijack (transitive verb: divert by force) ●

• Des terroristes ont tenté de détourner l’avion vers un autre pays. (Terrorists attempted to hijack the plane to another country.)

divert, redirect (transitive verb: divert by force) ●

• Les pirates ont détourné le navire vers des eaux internationales. (The pirates diverted the ship to international waters.)

embezzle, misappropriate (transitive verb: steal money illegally) ●

• Le directeur financier a détourné plusieurs millions d’euros. (The financial director embezzled several million euros.)

raisonnable [ʁɛzɔnabl]

reasonable (adjective: person with common sense) ●

• Soyez raisonnable et acceptez cette offre généreuse. (Be reasonable and accept this generous offer.)

rational (adjective: person with common sense) ●

• Une personne raisonnable ne prendrait pas un tel risque. (A rational person would not take such a risk.)

sensible (adjective: person with common sense) ●

• Il faut être raisonnable et épargner pour l’avenir. (You have to be sensible and save for the future.)

sensible (adjective: wise decision) ●

• C’est une proposition raisonnable que nous devrions considérer. (It’s a sensible proposal that we should consider.)

reasonable (adjective: affordable price) ●

• Ce restaurant propose des menus à des prix raisonnables. (This restaurant offers menus at reasonable prices.)

affordable (adjective: inexpensive price) ●

• Nous cherchons un logement à un loyer raisonnable. (We are looking for housing at an affordable rent.)

intelligent (adjective: capable of logic) ●

• Contrairement aux machines, l’humain est un être raisonnable. (Unlike machines, humans are intelligent beings.)

rational (adjective: capable of logic) ●

• Selon Aristote, l’homme est un animal raisonnable. (According to Aristotle, man is a rational animal.)

suprême

supreme, ultimate, highest (adjective: extreme) ●

• Pour un athlète olympique, remporter la médaille d’or est l’objectif suprême. (For an Olympic athlete, winning the gold medal is the ultimate goal.)

utmost, highest (adjective: maximal) ●

• L’architecte a conçu ce bâtiment avec un soin suprême. (The architect designed this building with the utmost care.)

final, ultimate (adjective: last) ●

• Dans un suprême effort, le coureur a franchi la ligne d’arrivée. (In a final effort, the runner crossed the finish line.)

éventuel

potential, possible (adjective: possible according to circumstances) ●

• Nous devons prévoir une solution pour tout problème éventuel. (We must plan for a solution to any potential problem.)

blesser

wound, injure, hurt, harm (transitive verb: cause a lesion) ●

• Le skieur est tombé et s’est blessé au genou. (The skier fell and injured his knee.)

hurt yourself, injure yourself (reflexive verb: hurt oneself) ●

• Attention à ne pas te blesser avec ce couteau ! (Be careful not to hurt yourself with this knife!)

hurt your [sth], injure your [sth] (reflexive verb: hurt a specific part) ●

• Le boxeur s’est blessé la main pendant l’entraînement. (The boxer hurt his hand during training.)

hurt, upset (transitive verb: offend) ●

• Ses remarques cruelles ont blessé toute la famille. (His cruel remarks hurt the whole family.)

hurt your [sth], injure your [sth] (reflexive verb: hurt specific body part) ●

• Elle s’est blessée au poignet en jouant au tennis. (She hurt her wrist playing tennis.)

orientation

sense of direction (noun [f]: ability to orient oneself) ●

• Mon père a un excellent sens de l’orientation et ne se perd jamais. (My father has an excellent sense of direction and never gets lost.)

orientation, direction, positioning (noun [f]: spatial positioning) ●

• L’orientation de la maison vers le sud garantit beaucoup de lumière. (The southward orientation of the house ensures lots of light.)

course choice (noun [f]: choice of studies) ●

• Les lycéens doivent réfléchir à leur orientation professionnelle dès la seconde. (High school students must think about their career path from Year 11 onwards.)

course guidance (noun [f]: guiding someone in studies) ●

• Le conseiller d’orientation aide les élèves à choisir leur filière. (The careers adviser helps students choose their course of study.)

orientation (noun [f]: inclination, tendency) ●

• L’orientation politique du nouveau parti est clairement progressiste. (The political orientation of the new party is clearly progressive.)

grec [ɡʁɛk]

Greek (adjective: of Greece) ●

• La cuisine grecque est réputée pour ses salades et ses grillades. (Greek cuisine is renowned for its salads and grilled dishes.)

Greek (noun [m]: language) ●

• Ma fille apprend le grec moderne à l’université. (My daughter is learning modern Greek at university.)

Greek, Greek person (noun [m/f]: inhabitant of Greece) ●

• J’ai rencontré plusieurs Grecs sympathiques pendant mes vacances à Athènes. (I met several friendly Greeks during my holiday in Athens.)

kebab (noun [m]: kebab) ●

• On va manger un grec après le cinéma ? (Shall we grab a kebab after the cinema?)

secondaire

secondary, lesser (adjective: of second order) ●

• Cette question est secondaire par rapport au problème principal. (This question is secondary to the main problem.)

secondary (adjective: relating to education) ●

• L’enseignement secondaire prépare les élèves pour le baccalauréat. (Secondary education prepares students for the baccalaureate.)

secondary education, secondary school (noun [m]: high school level) ●

• Ma sœur enseigne l’anglais dans le secondaire depuis dix ans. (My sister has been teaching English at secondary school for ten years.)

side, incidental, indirect (adjective: deriving from something) ●

• La fatigue est un effet secondaire courant de ce traitement. (Fatigue is a common side effect of this treatment.)

secondary (adjective: transforming raw materials) ●

• Le secteur secondaire comprend toutes les industries manufacturières. (The secondary sector includes all manufacturing industries.)

Mesozoic (adjective: geological period) ●

• L’ère secondaire a vu l’apparition des dinosaures. (The Mesozoic Era saw the appearance of dinosaurs.)

reporter [ʁəpɔʁtœʁ]

reporter (noun [m/f]: media investigator) ●

• Le reporter a interrogé plusieurs témoins de l’incident. (The reporter interviewed several witnesses to the incident.)

postpone, put off (transitive verb: change date) ●

• Nous devons reporter la conférence à cause de la grève. (We must postpone the conference because of the strike.)

refer to, turn to (reflexive verb: make reference to) ●

• Veuillez vous reporter à la page 45 pour plus d’informations. (Please refer to page 45 for more information.)

transfer (transitive verb: direct towards) ●

• Elle a reporté toute son attention sur son nouveau projet. (She transferred all her attention to her new project.)

be transferred to (reflexive verb: be directed towards) ●

• Les électeurs déçus se sont reportés sur le candidat modéré. (Disappointed voters transferred their support to the moderate candidate.)

return, take back (transitive verb: carry back) ●

• Les porteurs ont reporté le matériel au camion. (The carriers took the equipment back to the truck.)

partisan [paʁtizɑ̃]

supporter, partisan, follower (noun [m/f]: disciple) ●

• Les partisans du président ont manifesté leur soutien lors du meeting. (The president’s supporters showed their support at the rally.)

be in favour of, be for (verb phrase: be favourable to) ●

• Je suis partisan d’une augmentation des salaires des enseignants. (I am in favour of increasing teachers’ salaries.)

partisan, biased (adjective: sectarian) ●

• Cette analyse est trop partisane pour être objective. (This analysis is too biased to be objective.)

partisan, resistance fighter (noun [m/f]: guerrilla fighter) ●

• Les partisans ont mené une guérilla contre l’armée occupante. (The partisans waged a guerrilla war against the occupying army.)

cinquième [sɛ̃kjɛm]

fifth (adjective: of rank 5) ●

• C’est la cinquième fois que je t’explique cette règle ! (This is the fifth time I’ve explained this rule to you!)

fifth (adjective: contained 5 times in a whole) ●

• Chaque héritier recevra la cinquième partie de la fortune. (Each heir will receive a fifth part of the fortune.)

fifth, a fifth, one fifth (noun [m]: fraction) ●

• Un cinquième de la population vit sous le seuil de pauvreté. (One fifth of the population lives below the poverty line.)

fifth (adverb: in fifth position) ●

• Notre équipe est arrivée cinquième au championnat national. (Our team came fifth in the national championship.)

second year of high school, Year 8 (noun [f]: school year for 12-13 year olds) ●

• Mon fils entre en cinquième après les vacances d’été. (My son is going into Year 8 after the summer holidays.)

second year student, Year 8 student (noun [m/f]: student in that year) ●

• Les cinquièmes organisent une sortie scolaire en Normandie. (The Year 8 students are organizing a school trip to Normandy.)

fifth arrondissement (noun [m]: district of a city) ●

• Le Panthéon se trouve dans le cinquième arrondissement de Paris. (The Panthéon is located in the fifth arrondissement of Paris.)

fifth gear, fifth (noun [f]: car gear) ●

• Passe la cinquième maintenant que tu es sur l’autoroute ! (Move into fifth gear now that you’re on the motorway!)

distinction

distinction, differentiation, difference (noun [f]: differentiation) ●

• Il faut faire la distinction entre ces deux concepts similaires. (We must make a distinction between these two similar concepts.)

distinction, differentiation, difference (noun [f]: difference created) ●

• Le système scolaire ne devrait pas créer de distinctions entre les élèves. (The school system should not create distinctions between students.)

distinction, elegance, dignity, refinement (noun [f]: class, elegance) ●

• La distinction de ses manières reflète son éducation raffinée. (The distinction of his manners reflects his refined upbringing.)

distinction, decoration, honour (noun [f]: reward, decoration) ●

• Le scientifique a reçu une distinction pour ses recherches révolutionnaires. (The scientist received a distinction for his revolutionary research.)

impact [ɛ̃.pakt]

impact (noun [m]: collision) ●

• L’impact du météore a créé un cratère immense. (The impact of the meteor created an immense crater.)

impact, effect (noun [m]: result produced) ●

• Quel est l’impact de ce nouveau règlement sur les entreprises ? (What is the impact of this new regulation on businesses?)

influence (noun [m]: power to affect) ●

• Son impact sur la communauté scientifique reste considérable. (His influence on the scientific community remains considerable.)

chip, mark (noun [m]: trace of projectile) ●

• Les impacts de balles témoignent de la violence du combat. (The bullet marks bear witness to the violence of the battle.)

magazine [ma.ɡa.zin]

magazine (noun [m]: periodical publication) ●

• J’achète toujours ce magazine pour lire les critiques de cinéma. (I always buy this magazine to read the film reviews.)

compléter [kɔ̃.ple.te]

complete (transitive verb: add missing pieces) ●

• Il me manque deux timbres pour compléter ma collection. (I’m missing two stamps to complete my collection.)

complete, finish (transitive verb: bring to conclusion) ●

• Nous devons compléter ce projet avant la fin du mois. (We must complete this project before the end of the month.)

complete, fill in, fill out (transitive verb: fill in form) ●

• Veuillez compléter tous les champs du formulaire d’inscription. (Please fill out all the fields on the registration form.)

complete, put the finishing touch to, finish off, round off (transitive verb: add to something) ●

• Une belle cravate complète parfaitement votre tenue. (A nice tie completes your outfit perfectly.)

complete, supplement (transitive verb: be added to) ●

• Des exercices pratiques complètent chaque chapitre du manuel. (Practical exercises supplement each chapter of the textbook.)

expand on (transitive verb: enrich someone’s remarks) ●

• Je voudrais compléter les observations de ma collègue. (I would like to expand on my colleague’s observations.)

complement each other, complement one another (reflexive verb: be complementary) ●

• Ces deux méthodes se complètent très bien dans l’apprentissage. (These two methods complement each other very well in learning.)

be coming together (reflexive verb: become complete) ●

• Peu à peu, les pièces du puzzle se complètent. (Little by little, the pieces of the puzzle are coming together.)

mérite [me.ʁit]

merit, credit (noun [m]: positive appreciation of action) ●

• Le mérite de cette découverte revient à toute l’équipe. (The credit for this discovery belongs to the whole team.)

merit, virtue (noun [m]: advantage) ●

• Cette proposition a au moins le mérite d’être originale. (This proposal at least has the merit of being original.)

merit, worth (noun [m]: virtue) ●

• C’est un homme de grand mérite qui mérite notre respect. (He is a man of great merit who deserves our respect.)

naturellement [na.ty.ʁɛl.mɑ̃]

naturally, by nature (adverb: in natural manner) ●

• Ses cheveux bouclent naturellement sans aucun produit. (Her hair curls naturally without any product.)

of course, naturally (adverb: obviously) ●

• Naturellement, je viendrai à ton anniversaire. (Of course, I’ll come to your birthday.)

simply (adverb: in simple way) ●

• Ce phénomène s’explique naturellement par la physique quantique. (This phenomenon can be explained simply by quantum physics.)

collaboration [kɔ.la.bɔ.ʁa.sjɔ̃]

collaboration, joint effort (noun [f]: working together) ●

• La collaboration entre nos deux équipes a été très fructueuse. (The collaboration between our two teams has been very fruitful.)

collaboration (noun [f]: working with occupying forces) ●

• Après la guerre, les accusés de collaboration furent jugés. (After the war, those accused of collaboration were tried.)

collaboration (noun [f]: French historical collaboration with Nazi Germany) ●

• La période de la Collaboration reste controversée dans l’histoire française. (The period of the Collaboration remains controversial in French history.)

procurer [pʁɔ.ky.ʁe]

provide for, get, procure for (transitive verb + prep: supply) ●

• Pouvez-vous nous procurer les documents nécessaires ? (Can you provide us with the necessary documents?)

bring to, bring, give (transitive verb + prep: deliver) ●

• Cette nouvelle lui a procuré beaucoup de joie. (This news brought him a lot of joy.)

get hold of, get, obtain, procure (reflexive verb: acquire for oneself) ●

• Je me suis procuré un exemplaire rare de ce livre. (I got hold of a rare copy of this book.)

officier [ɔ.fi.sje]

officer (noun [m]: high-ranking military person) ●

• Mon oncle est officier dans la marine nationale. (My uncle is an officer in the national navy.)

officiate, preside (intransitive verb: perform ceremony) ●

• C’est l’évêque qui officiera lors de la messe de Noël. (It is the bishop who will officiate at the Christmas Mass.)

do the honours, do the honors (intransitive verb: perform task) ●

• C’est toujours grand-père qui officie pour servir le vin. (It’s always grandfather who does the honours when serving the wine.)

remarquable [ʁə.maʁ.kabl]

remarkable (adjective: notable) ●

• Les progrès de cet étudiant sont vraiment remarquables. (This student’s progress is truly remarkable.)

remarkable, outstanding, impressive (adjective: worthy of praise) ●

• Elle a fait un travail remarquable sur ce projet difficile. (She did remarkable work on this difficult project.)

notable, noteworthy, remarkable (adjective: distinguished) ●

• Cette ville est remarquable pour son architecture médiévale. (This town is notable for its medieval architecture.)

s’efforcer [sɛ.fɔʁ.se]

try hard to do, struggle to do, make an effort to do, do your best to do, endeavour to do, endeavor to do, strive to do (reflexive verb: make efforts) ●

• Je m’efforce de parler français tous les jours. (I try hard to speak French every day.)

try hard to do, make an effort to do, do your best to do, endeavour to do, endeavor to do, strive to do (reflexive verb: apply oneself) ●

• Elle s’efforce à bien prononcer chaque mot. (She tries hard to pronounce each word correctly.)

try hard, make an effort, do your best, struggle, strive, endeavour, endeavor (reflexive verb: take pains) ●

• Il s’efforce pour rester calme malgré la provocation. (He tries hard to stay calm despite the provocation.)

tragique [tʁaʒik]

tragic, sad (adjective: dramatic) ●

• L’accident de voiture a eu des conséquences tragiques pour toute la famille. (The car accident had tragic consequences for the whole family.)

tragic (adjective: relating to tragedy) ●

• Les œuvres tragiques de Sophocle sont encore étudiées dans les universités. (The tragic works of Sophocles are still studied in universities.)

tragedy (noun [m]: tragedy) ●

• Le tragique domine dans les pièces de théâtre classiques. (Tragedy dominates in classical theatre plays.)

tragedy, tragic nature (noun [m]: gravity of something) ●

• Le directeur a enfin compris le tragique de la crise financière. (The director finally understood the tragic nature of the financial crisis.)

anniversaire [anivɛʁsɛʁ]

birthday (noun [m]: commemoration of birth) ●

• Ma fille fête son anniversaire samedi prochain avec ses amis. (My daughter is celebrating her birthday next Saturday with her friends.)

anniversary (noun [m]: commemoration of creation) ●

• L’entreprise organise une grande fête pour son dixième anniversaire. (The company is organizing a big party for its tenth anniversary.)

anniversary (noun as adjective: commemorating an event) ●

• La cérémonie anniversaire aura lieu dans le parc municipal. (The anniversary ceremony will take place in the municipal park.)

issu [isy]

from, born of, descended from (adjective + preposition: born) ●

• Leur fils unique est issu de leur deuxième mariage. (Their only son is from their second marriage.)

from, of, come from, descended from (adjective + preposition: originating) ●

• Ce jeune entrepreneur est issu d’une famille modeste de province. (This young entrepreneur comes from a modest provincial family.)

stem from, spring from, arise from, derive from (adjective + preposition: due to) ●

• Les tensions actuelles sont issues de conflits anciens. (Current tensions stem from old conflicts.)

poursuite [puʁsɥit]

pursuit, chase (noun [f]: race to catch someone) ●

• Les policiers ont abandonné la poursuite après vingt minutes. (The police abandoned the pursuit after twenty minutes.)

pursuit, quest (noun [f]: seeking to reach something) ●

• Le chercheur consacre sa vie à la poursuite de nouvelles découvertes. (The researcher dedicates his life to the pursuit of new discoveries.)

pursuit, pursuance (noun [f]: continuation of an action) ●

• La poursuite du projet dépend du financement obtenu. (The pursuit of the project depends on the financing obtained.)

pursuit (noun [f]: cycling competition type) ●

• L’équipe française a remporté la médaille d’or en poursuite sur piste. (The French team won the gold medal in track pursuit.)

proceedings, legal proceedings, legal action (noun [f] pl: legal action) ●

• L’avocat a conseillé à son client d’éviter les poursuites judiciaires. (The lawyer advised his client to avoid legal proceedings.)

nôtre [notʁ]

ours (pronoun: what belongs to us) ●

• Leur maison est plus grande que la nôtre. (Their house is bigger than ours.)

our family, our loved ones, our nearest and dearest, our family and friends, our folks (pronoun: our family, our close ones) ●

• Nous passerons les vacances d’été avec les nôtres cette année. (We will spend the summer holidays with our family and friends this year.)

éclairer [eklɛʁe]

light, illuminate, light up (transitive verb: make visible) ●

• Les bougies éclairent toute la pièce pendant la coupure d’électricité. (The candles light the whole room during the power cut.)

shine (intransitive verb: emit light) ●

• Cette nouvelle ampoule éclaire beaucoup mieux que l’ancienne. (This new bulb shines much better than the old one.)

enlighten, enlighten about, shed light on, shed light on for (transitive verb: make understand) ●

• Le professeur peut éclairer les étudiants sur ce sujet complexe. (The professor can enlighten the students about this complex subject.)

light up (transitive verb: make luminous) ●

• La joie éclaire le visage des enfants à Noël. (Joy lights up the children’s faces at Christmas.)

shine a light for (transitive verb: direct light toward someone) ●

• Mon ami m’éclaire pendant que je cherche mes clés dans le noir. (My friend shines a light for me while I look for my keys in the dark.)

become clear (reflexive verb: be explained) ●

• Le mystère s’éclaire enfin grâce aux témoignages. (The mystery is finally becoming clear thanks to the testimonies.)

light up (reflexive verb: take on brightness) ●

• Son regard s’éclaire quand il parle de son projet. (His gaze lights up when he talks about his project.)

consommer [kɔ̃sɔme]

eat, drink, consume, ingest (transitive verb: absorb, eat or drink) ●

• Les médecins recommandent de consommer cinq fruits et légumes par jour. (Doctors recommend eating five fruits and vegetables a day.)

have, drink (transitive verb: drink something in a café) ●

• Nous avons consommé deux cafés sur la terrasse. (We had two coffees on the terrace.)

use, consume, drink, guzzle (transitive verb: use energy material) ●

• Ma vieille voiture consomme trop d’essence sur l’autoroute. (My old car uses too much petrol on the motorway.)

drink petrol, be a gas-guzzler (intransitive verb: vehicle using fuel) ●

• Ce camion consomme énormément en milieu urbain. (This truck is a real gas-guzzler in urban areas.)

perpetrate (transitive verb: accomplish harmful action) ●

• Le criminel a consommé son forfait avant l’aube. (The criminal perpetrated his crime before dawn.)

complete, carry out, go through with, consummate (transitive verb: finish completely) ●

• Les époux ont consommé leur mariage lors de la nuit de noces. (The spouses consummated their marriage on their wedding night.)

infirmier [ɛ̃fiʁmje]

nurse, male nurse (noun [m/f]: healthcare worker) ●

• L’infirmière prend la tension des patients tous les matins. (The nurse takes the patients’ blood pressure every morning.)

nursing (adjective: healthcare) ●

• Le personnel infirmier manque dans cet hôpital. (The nursing staff is lacking in this hospital.)

caractéristique [kaʁakteʁistik]

feature, distinguishing feature, distinctive feature, characteristic (noun [f]: specificity) ●

• La caractéristique principale de ce smartphone est son écran pliable. (The main feature of this smartphone is its foldable screen.)

characteristic, distinctive, typical, signature (adjective: distinguishing) ●

• Le parfum est caractéristique de cette région viticole. (The aroma is characteristic of this wine region.)

dépenser [depɑ̃se]

spend (transitive verb: use by buying) ●

• Nous avons dépensé trois cents euros pour les courses cette semaine. (We spent three hundred euros on groceries this week.)

use, use up (transitive verb: consume) ●

• Cette machine dépense trop d’eau pour laver la vaisselle. (This machine uses too much water to wash the dishes.)

spend, use (transitive verb: employ something to do something) ●

• Il dépense toute son énergie à préparer les examens. (He spends all his energy preparing for exams.)

exert yourself (reflexive verb: do sport) ●

• Les enfants se dépensent dans la cour de récréation. (The children exert themselves in the playground.)

exert yourself, work hard (reflexive verb: make an effort) ●

• Elle se dépense sans relâche pour réussir son projet professionnel. (She works hard tirelessly to succeed in her professional project.)

censé

supposed (verb phrase: expected to do something) ●

• Tu es censé finir ce rapport avant midi. (You are supposed to finish this report before noon.)

meant (verb phrase: intended to do something, informal) ●

• Ce programme est censé faciliter notre travail quotidien. (This program is meant to make our daily work easier.)

fuite [fɥit]

leak (noun [f]: unintended flow) ●

• Le plombier a réparé la fuite sous l’évier. (The plumber fixed the leak under the sink.)

flight, escape (noun [f]: act of fleeing) ●

• Les soldats n’avaient d’autre choix que la fuite devant l’armée ennemie. (The soldiers had no choice but flight before the enemy army.)

leak (noun [f]: unauthorized disclosure, figurative) ●

• La fuite des documents confidentiels a provoqué un scandale politique. (The leak of confidential documents caused a political scandal.)

evasion, avoidance (noun [f]: refusal to confront something) ●

• Sa fuite constante devant les responsabilités lui cause des problèmes. (His constant evasion of responsibilities causes him problems.)

conviction [kɔ̃viksjɔ̃]

conviction (noun [f]: strong belief or certainty) ●

• J’ai la conviction que nous réussirons ce projet ensemble. (I have the conviction that we will succeed with this project together.)

belief (noun [f]: personal opinion or principle) ●

• Ses convictions politiques influencent toutes ses décisions. (His political beliefs influence all his decisions.)

nettement [nɛtmɑ̃]

clearly, distinctly (adverb: in a clear manner) ●

• On voit nettement la montagne depuis cette fenêtre. (You can clearly see the mountain from this window.)

noticeably, markedly (adverb: in an indisputable way) ●

• Les résultats se sont nettement améliorés ce trimestre. (The results have noticeably improved this quarter.)

neatly (adverb: in a tidy manner) ●

• Elle a nettement organisé tous les dossiers sur son bureau. (She neatly organized all the files on her desk.)

détenir [detniʁ]

possess, have (transitive verb: to have in possession) ●

• Cette bibliothèque détient une collection rare de manuscrits anciens. (This library possesses a rare collection of ancient manuscripts.)

hold, have (transitive verb: to possess a title or position) ●

• Elle détient le record national du cent mètres depuis cinq ans. (She has held the national record for the hundred meters for five years.)

hold, keep, detain (transitive verb: to confine someone) ●

• Les autorités détiennent le suspect dans une cellule provisoire. (The authorities are holding the suspect in a temporary cell.)

évaluation [evalɥasjɔ̃]

assessment, estimation, evaluation (noun [f]: act of estimating) ●

• L’évaluation des dégâts prendra plusieurs jours. (The assessment of the damage will take several days.)

assessment (noun [f]: test of knowledge in school) ●

• Les élèves auront une évaluation de mathématiques vendredi prochain. (The students will have a mathematics assessment next Friday.)

installation [ɛ̃stalasjɔ̃]

installation (noun [f]: act of putting in place) ●

• L’installation du nouveau système informatique a duré toute la journée. (The installation of the new computer system lasted all day.)

move (noun [f]: act of settling into a new home) ●

• Depuis notre installation dans ce quartier, nous nous sentons très bien accueillis. (Since our move to this neighborhood, we have felt very welcome.)

installation (noun [f]: thing that has been set up) ●

• Les installations portuaires nécessitent des rénovations urgentes. (The port installations require urgent renovations.)

establishment (noun [f]: act of starting a business) ●

• L’installation du cabinet médical dans ce village répond à un besoin urgent. (The establishment of the medical practice in this village meets an urgent need.)

innocent [inɔsɑ̃]

innocent, not guilty (adjective: not responsible for wrongdoing) ●

• Le tribunal a déclaré l’accusé innocent de tous les chefs d’accusation. (The court declared the accused innocent of all charges.)

innocent (adjective: blameless, uninvolved) ●

• Les civils innocents souffrent toujours le plus pendant les conflits armés. (Innocent civilians always suffer the most during armed conflicts.)

innocent (adjective: naive, candid) ●

• Son regard innocent cache une intelligence remarquable. (Her innocent gaze conceals a remarkable intelligence.)

harmless, inoffensive (adjective: causing no harm) ●

• Cette blague était tout à fait innocente, sans aucune intention malveillante. (This joke was completely harmless, without any malicious intent.)

fameux [famø]

famous, renowned, celebrated (adjective: well-known) ●

• Le fameux chef étoilé ouvrira son nouveau restaurant le mois prochain. (The famous starred chef will open his new restaurant next month.)

excellent, first-rate (adjective: of superior quality) ●

• Nous avons dégusté un fameux repas dans ce petit bistrot. (We enjoyed an excellent meal in this little bistro.)

much talked about, much-vaunted (adjective: previously mentioned or discussed) ●

• Alors, où en es-tu avec ton fameux projet de voyage en Asie? (So, where are you with that much talked about trip to Asia?)

considerable (adjective: significant, large) ●

• Après cette fameuse dispute, ils ne se sont plus parlé pendant des mois. (After that considerable argument, they didn’t speak for months.)

cultiver [kyltive]

cultivate, grow, farm (transitive verb: to tend plants) ●

• Mon grand-père cultive des tomates et des courgettes dans son jardin. (My grandfather cultivates tomatoes and zucchini in his garden.)

improve (transitive verb: to develop or maintain, figurative) ●

• Elle cultive son esprit en lisant au moins un livre par semaine. (She improves her mind by reading at least one book per week.)

doux [du]

soft (adjective: pleasant to touch) ●

• Ce tissu est tellement doux qu’on dirait de la soie. (This fabric is so soft it feels like silk.)

gentle, soft (adjective: not aggressive) ●

• Elle utilise toujours un savon doux pour sa peau sensible. (She always uses a gentle soap for her sensitive skin.)

gentle, soft (adjective: pleasant to the senses) ●

• La lumière douce du matin inondait la chambre. (The gentle morning light flooded the room.)

gentle, soft, light (adjective: not strong) ●

• Une douce chaleur émanait de la cheminée. (A gentle warmth came from the fireplace.)

sweet (adjective: taste) ●

• Le champagne doux plaît davantage aux débutants. (Sweet champagne is more popular with beginners.)

sweet, pleasant (adjective: agreeable) ●

• Nous avons passé une douce soirée en famille. (We spent a pleasant evening with family.)

mild (adjective: weather) ●

• L’hiver a été particulièrement doux cette année. (Winter was particularly mild this year.)

gentle, kind (adjective: benevolent) ●

• Mon grand-père était un homme doux et patient. (My grandfather was a gentle and patient man.)

soft, lenient (adjective: not severe) ●

• Le juge a prononcé une peine trop douce pour ce crime grave. (The judge handed down too soft a sentence for this serious crime.)

gentle (adjective: without coercion) ●

• Il vaut mieux essayer les méthodes douces avant de recourir à la force. (It’s better to try gentle methods before resorting to force.)

gouverner [ɡuvɛʁne]

govern, rule (transitive verb: manage, direct a country) ●

• Le nouveau président gouvernera le pays pendant cinq ans. (The new president will govern the country for five years.)

steer (transitive verb: nautical) ●

• Le capitaine gouverne le navire à travers les vagues. (The captain steers the ship through the waves.)

jouir [ʒwiʁ]

enjoy (verb + de: experience pleasure) ●

• Il faut savoir jouir des petits plaisirs de la vie. (You have to know how to enjoy life’s little pleasures.)

be in full possession of, enjoy (verb + de: possess faculties or benefits) ●

• Heureusement, ma grand-mère jouit encore de toutes ses facultés mentales. (Fortunately, my grandmother is still in full possession of all her mental faculties.)

have, enjoy (verb + de: possess an attribute) ●

• Ce restaurant jouit d’une réputation internationale. (This restaurant enjoys an international reputation.)

enjoy, benefit from (verb + de: benefit from) ●

• De notre balcon, nous jouissons d’une vue magnifique sur la mer. (From our balcony, we enjoy a magnificent view of the sea.)

come, orgasm, climax (intransitive verb: sexual) ●

• Les hommes jouissent généralement plus rapidement que les femmes. (Men generally come more quickly than women.)

parcourir [paʁkuʁiʁ]

travel, cross (transitive verb: complete a journey) ●

• Nous avons parcouru deux cents kilomètres en trois heures. (We traveled two hundred kilometers in three hours.)

wander, roam (transitive verb: travel through) ●

• Les touristes ont parcouru toute la région à pied. (The tourists wandered through the entire region on foot.)

browse, skim, look over (transitive verb: read quickly) ●

• J’ai seulement parcouru le rapport, je le lirai en détail plus tard. (I only skimmed the report, I’ll read it in detail later.)

scan, scour (transitive verb: explore visually) ●

• Elle a parcouru la salle du regard à la recherche de son ami. (She scanned the room looking for her friend.)

travel along, cross, follow (transitive verb: follow a path) ●

• Un frisson a parcouru son corps tout entier. (A shiver traveled along his entire body.)

bloc [blɔk]

block (noun [m]: large piece) ●

• Les ouvriers ont découpé d’énormes blocs de marbre. (The workers cut enormous blocks of marble.)

operating theatre, operating room (noun [m]: informal for surgery room) ●

• Le chirurgien est encore au bloc pour une opération d’urgence. (The surgeon is still in the operating theatre for an emergency operation.)

électrique [elɛktʁik]

electric, electrical (adjective: relating to electricity) ●

• Le système électrique de l’immeuble doit être rénové. (The building’s electrical system needs to be renovated.)

electric (adjective: powered by electricity) ●

• J’ai acheté une voiture électrique pour réduire mes émissions. (I bought an electric car to reduce my emissions.)

power, electricity (adjective: producing electricity) ●

• La centrale électrique fournit de l’énergie à toute la région. (The power station supplies energy to the whole region.)

seuil [sœj]

threshold, doorstep (noun [m]: entrance of a house) ●

• Il s’est arrêté sur le seuil avant d’entrer dans la maison. (He stopped on the threshold before entering the house.)

threshold, entrance (noun [m]: access, beginning of a place) ●

• Nous voici enfin au seuil d’une nouvelle ère. (Here we are at last on the threshold of a new era.)

threshold, brink (noun [m]: limit, point) ●

• Le pays est au seuil d’une grave crise économique. (The country is on the brink of a serious economic crisis.)

threshold, limit (noun [m]: level of intensity) ●

• Chacun a un seuil de tolérance à la douleur différent. (Everyone has a different pain threshold.)

croissant [kʁwasɑ̃]

croissant (noun [m]: French pastry) ●

• Rien de tel qu’un croissant chaud pour commencer la journée. (Nothing like a warm croissant to start the day.)

growing, increasing, rising (adjective: augmenting) ●

• Face à une demande croissante, l’entreprise a dû embaucher. (Faced with growing demand, the company had to hire staff.)

crescent moon, crescent (noun [m]: half-moon shape) ●

• Un croissant de lune brillait dans le ciel nocturne. (A crescent moon shone in the night sky.)

classer [klɑse]

file (transitive verb: put away) ●

• La secrétaire classe tous les documents par ordre alphabétique. (The secretary files all the documents in alphabetical order.)

sort, arrange, classify (transitive verb: organize, categorize) ●

• Il faut classer ces photos par date. (You need to sort these photos by date.)

classify (transitive verb: place in a category) ●

• Les scientifiques classent les animaux selon leur espèce. (Scientists classify animals according to their species.)

be organized, be grouped (reflexive verb: organize oneself) ●

• Les informations se classent en trois catégories principales. (The information is organized into three main categories.)

be ranked, rank (reflexive verb: be at a certain rank) ●

• Notre équipe se classe troisième du championnat. (Our team is ranked third in the championship.)

audience [odjɑ̃s]

audience, viewers, listeners (noun [f]: media public) ●

• Cette émission attire une large audience chaque semaine. (This show attracts a large audience every week.)

audience (noun [f]: public) ●

• Le film a trouvé son audience auprès des jeunes adultes. (The film found its audience among young adults.)

appointment, interview, meeting, audience (noun [f]: formal meeting) ●

• Le ministre a accordé une audience aux représentants syndicaux. (The minister granted a meeting to the union representatives.)

hearing (noun [f]: Law) ●

• L’audience du tribunal est fixée au mois de mars. (The court hearing is scheduled for March.)

multiple [myltipl]

numerous, many, multiple (adjective: several) ●

• Les entreprises affrontent de multiples défis dans ce marché compétitif. (Businesses face multiple challenges in this competitive market.)

multiple (noun [m]: mathematical number) ●

• Pour trouver le plus petit commun multiple, il faut d’abord identifier tous les diviseurs. (To find the lowest common multiple, you must first identify all the divisors.)

minorité [minɔʀite]

minority (noun [f]: small group within a larger one) ●

• Cette communauté représente une minorité importante dans la région. (This community represents a significant minority in the region.)

minority (noun [f]: small number of votes) ●

• Après les élections législatives, le gouvernement se retrouve en minorité à l’assemblée. (After the legislative elections, the government finds itself in a minority in the assembly.)

minority (noun [f]: state of being a minor) ●

• Pendant sa minorité, il ne peut pas signer de contrats juridiques. (During his minority, he cannot sign legal contracts.)

phrase [fʀɑz]

sentence (noun [f]: sequence of words) ●

• Il faut toujours commencer une phrase par une majuscule. (You must always start a sentence with a capital letter.)

provisoire [pʀɔvizwaʀ]

temporary, provisional (adjective: not permanent) ●

• Nous avons trouvé un logement provisoire en attendant de déménager dans notre nouvelle maison. (We have found temporary accommodation while waiting to move into our new house.)

temporary, provisional (adjective: interim) ●

• Le maire a nommé un adjoint provisoire pour remplacer le responsable démissionnaire. (The mayor appointed a temporary deputy to replace the official who resigned.)

provisional arrangement, temporary arrangement (noun [m]: that which is temporary) ●

• Le provisoire a tendance à devenir permanent dans cette organisation. (Provisional arrangements tend to become permanent in this organization.)

hein [ɛ̃]

eh, what (interjection: expressing incomprehension) ●

• Hein ? Je n’ai pas bien entendu ce que tu as dit. (What? I didn’t hear what you said properly.)

isn’t it?, isn’t he?, isn’t she?, aren’t you?, aren’t we?, aren’t they?, right?, yeah? (interjection: requesting confirmation) ●

• C’était une excellente soirée, hein ? (It was an excellent evening, wasn’t it?)

now (interjection: emphasis) ●

• Tu vas m’écouter maintenant, hein ? (You’re going to listen to me now, right?)

disparition [dispaʀisjɔ̃]

disappearance (noun [f]: fact of no longer being there) ●

• La disparition soudaine du témoin a compliqué l’enquête policière. (The sudden disappearance of the witness complicated the police investigation.)

losing, loss, disappearance (noun [f]: fact of no longer finding something) ●

• La disparition de mes documents importants m’a causé beaucoup de stress. (The loss of my important documents caused me a lot of stress.)

disappearance, extinction (noun [f]: becoming extinct) ●

• Les scientifiques s’inquiètent de la disparition progressive des abeilles. (Scientists are worried about the gradual disappearance of bees.)

disappearance (noun [f]: theft) ●

• La disparition mystérieuse de plusieurs œuvres d’art alarme les conservateurs du musée. (The mysterious disappearance of several artworks is alarming the museum curators.)

death, passing, demise (noun [f]: death) ●

• La disparition du professeur a profondément attristé toute la communauté universitaire. (The professor’s passing deeply saddened the entire university community.)

dynamique [dinamik]

dynamic, go-ahead, energetic (adjective: effective) ●

• Notre nouvelle directrice est très dynamique et pleine d’idées innovantes. (Our new director is very dynamic and full of innovative ideas.)

dynamics, dynamic (noun [f]: force) ●

• Il faut comprendre la dynamique du groupe pour améliorer la collaboration. (You need to understand the group dynamics to improve collaboration.)

dynamics (noun [f]: Physics, Mechanics) ●

• Les étudiants en physique étudient la dynamique des fluides ce semestre. (Physics students are studying fluid dynamics this semester.)

renverser [ʀɑ̃vɛʀse]

spill (transitive verb: spread a liquid) ●

• Attention ! Tu vas renverser ton café sur le clavier. (Careful! You’re going to spill your coffee on the keyboard.)

knock over, knock down (transitive verb: make fall) ●

• Le vent violent a renversé plusieurs poubelles dans la rue. (The strong wind knocked over several garbage bins in the street.)

knock over, knock down, run over, hit (transitive verb: hit with vehicle) ●

• Le conducteur imprudent a failli renverser un cycliste au carrefour. (The reckless driver almost knocked over a cyclist at the intersection.)

tilt, throw (transitive verb: tip) ●

• Elle a renversé la tête en arrière pour admirer le plafond décoré. (She threw her head back to admire the decorated ceiling.)

turn round, turn (transitive verb: reverse) ●

• L’équipe a réussi à renverser la tendance dans les dernières minutes du match. (The team managed to turn the situation around in the final minutes of the match.)

invert, turn around, turn upside down (transitive verb: reverse order) ●

• Pour résoudre cette équation, il faut renverser l’ordre des opérations. (To solve this equation, you need to invert the order of operations.)

overthrow (transitive verb: depose government) ●

• Les manifestants espèrent renverser le régime autoritaire. (The protesters hope to overthrow the authoritarian regime.)

bend backwards (reflexive verb: lean back) ●

• Le danseur se renverse gracieusement pendant la performance. (The dancer bends backwards gracefully during the performance.)

overturn, capsize, tip over (reflexive verb: turn upside down) ●

• Le bateau s’est renversé à cause des vagues énormes. (The boat capsized because of the huge waves.)

trouble [tʀubl]

cloudy, murky (adjective: not clear) ●

• L’eau de la rivière est trouble après les fortes pluies. (The river water is cloudy after the heavy rains.)

blurred, blurry, out of focus (adjective: not sharp) ●

• Les photos sont troubles parce que l’appareil a bougé. (The photos are blurred because the camera moved.)

vague, unclear, muddled (adjective: not clear) ●

• Les circonstances de cet accident restent troubles. (The circumstances of this accident remain unclear.)

confusion, discord (noun [m]: agitation within a group) ●

• L’annonce des licenciements a semé le trouble dans l’entreprise. (The announcement of layoffs caused confusion in the company.)

distress, turmoil (noun [m]: agitation of a person) ●

• Son trouble était évident quand il a appris la mauvaise nouvelle. (His distress was obvious when he learned the bad news.)

disorder, trouble, problem (noun [m]: Medical perturbation) ●

• Ce patient présente des troubles cardiaques qui nécessitent un traitement. (This patient has cardiac disorders that require treatment.)

désoler [dezɔle]

sadden, depress (transitive verb: make sad) ●

• Cette histoire tragique nous a profondément désolés. (This tragic story deeply saddened us.)

upset, bother (transitive verb: annoy) ●

• Je suis désolé de vous déranger si tard dans la soirée. (I’m sorry to bother you so late in the evening.)

be saddened, be sad, be sorry (reflexive verb: be sad) ●

• Elle se désole de ne pas pouvoir assister à la réunion importante. (She is sorry that she cannot attend the important meeting.)

ravage, destroy (transitive verb: devastate) ●

• La guerre a désolé toute la région pendant des années. (The war ravaged the entire region for years.)

accélérer

speed up (transitive verb: increase pace) ●

• Nous devons accélérer les travaux si nous voulons respecter le délai. (We must speed up the work if we want to meet the deadline.)

accelerate (intransitive verb: go faster) ●

• La voiture accélère dès que le feu passe au vert. (The car accelerates as soon as the light turns green.)

speed up (reflexive verb: go faster) ●

• Le processus s’accélère grâce aux nouvelles technologies. (The process speeds up thanks to new technologies.)

littérature

literature (noun [f]: literary works) ●

• La littérature française est reconnue dans le monde entier. (French literature is recognized around the world.)

literature (noun [f]: academic field of study) ●

• Elle étudie la littérature comparée à l’université. (She studies comparative literature at university.)

résider

live (intransitive verb: dwell) ●

• Ma sœur réside à Lyon depuis cinq ans. (My sister has been living in Lyon for five years.)

lie in (verb phrase: be found in) ●

• La solution à ce problème réside dans une meilleure communication. (The solution to this problem lies in better communication.)

adolescent

adolescent (noun [m/f]: person aged 12-18) ●

• Les adolescents passent beaucoup de temps sur leurs téléphones. (Adolescents spend a lot of time on their phones.)

dessiner

draw (intransitive verb: practice drawing) ●

• Mon fils aime dessiner pendant ses temps libres. (My son likes to draw in his free time.)

draw (transitive verb: represent by drawing) ●

• L’architecte a dessiné les plans de la nouvelle maison. (The architect drew the plans for the new house.)

materialize (reflexive verb: take shape) ●

• Une solution se dessine enfin après des mois de négociations. (A solution is finally materializing after months of negotiations.)

outline (transitive verb: highlight form) ●

• Cette chemise dessine parfaitement ses épaules. (This shirt perfectly outlines his shoulders.)

rompre

break up (intransitive verb: end a relationship) ●

• Ils ont rompu après trois ans de relation. (They broke up after three years together.)

break up with (verb phrase: end relationship with someone) ●

• Elle a rompu avec son petit ami hier soir. (She broke up with her boyfriend last night.)

destroy (transitive verb: make cease) ●

• Cette décision a rompu l’équilibre fragile entre les deux partis. (This decision destroyed the fragile balance between the two parties.)

break (transitive verb: break physically) ●

• Le prêtre rompit le pain lors de la cérémonie. (The priest broke the bread during the ceremony.)

terminate (transitive verb: legal term for ending contract) ●

• L’entreprise a décidé de rompre le contrat en raison de violations répétées. (The company decided to terminate the contract due to repeated violations.)

agriculture

agriculture (noun [f]: farming) ●

• L’agriculture biologique connaît un essor important ces dernières années. (Organic agriculture has been experiencing significant growth in recent years.)

gouverneur

governor (noun [m]: high official) ●

• Le gouverneur de la banque centrale a annoncé de nouvelles mesures. (The governor of the central bank announced new measures.)

tutor (noun [m]: educator) ●

• Dans les familles nobles, un gouverneur était chargé de l’éducation des jeunes garçons. (In noble families, a tutor was responsible for the education of young boys.)

aventure

adventure (noun [f]: risky event) ●

• Leur voyage en Afrique a été une véritable aventure. (Their trip to Africa was a real adventure.)

risky venture (noun [f]: risky undertaking) ●

• Lancer cette startup dans un secteur inconnu est une vraie aventure. (Launching this startup in an unknown sector is a real risky venture.)

affair (noun [f]: brief romantic relationship) ●

• Il a eu une aventure avec une collègue pendant un congrès. (He had an affair with a colleague during a conference.)

armer

arm (transitive verb: equip with weapons) ●

• Le gouvernement a décidé d’armer les forces de sécurité supplémentaires. (The government decided to arm the additional security forces.)

arm yourself (reflexive verb: acquire weapons) ●

• Les citoyens se sont armés pour défendre leur village. (The citizens armed themselves to defend their village.)

arm (transitive verb: prepare figuratively) ●

• Cette formation nous a armés pour affronter les défis professionnels. (This training armed us to face professional challenges.)

wind on (transitive verb: prepare camera mechanism) ●

• N’oublie pas d’armer l’appareil photo avant de prendre la prochaine photo. (Don’t forget to wind on the camera before taking the next photo.)

volet

shutter (noun [m]: on window) ●

• Il ouvre les volets chaque matin pour laisser entrer la lumière. (He opens the shutters every morning to let in the light.)

part, section, component (noun [m]: constituent) ●

• Le volet économique de la réforme sera présenté la semaine prochaine. (The economic component of the reform will be presented next week.)

flap, wing flap (noun [m]: usually plural) ●

• Les volets se déploient automatiquement lors de l’atterrissage. (The flaps deploy automatically during landing.)

bâtir

build, construct (transitive verb: build structures) ●

• Mon grand-père a bâti cette maison en 1950. (My grandfather built this house in 1950.)

build (transitive verb: have constructed) ●

• Ils ont fait bâtir une belle villa sur la colline. (They had a beautiful villa built on the hill.)

build, build up (transitive verb: establish, found) ●

• Elle a bâti sa fortune grâce à son travail acharné. (She built her fortune through her hard work.)

prime

bonus, premium (noun [f]: reward) ●

• Les employés ont reçu une prime de fin d’année. (The employees received an end-of-year bonus.)

prime, primary (adjective: first) ●

• De prime abord, la proposition semblait acceptable. (At first, the proposal seemed acceptable.)

prime (adjective: symbol) ●

• On note f prime pour désigner la dérivée de la fonction f. (We write f prime to denote the derivative of function f.)

résulter

result from, follow from, be due to (transitive indirect verb: stem from) ●

• L’accident a résulté d’une erreur humaine. (The accident resulted from human error.)

result, ensue (intransitive verb: be the consequence) ●

• Un débat animé résulta de cette déclaration controversée. (A lively debate ensued from this controversial statement.)

be the result of, result in, produce (impersonal verb phrase: engender something) ●

• Il résulte de ces mesures une amélioration notable de la situation. (These measures result in a notable improvement of the situation.)

occupation

activity, pastime, hobby, occupation (noun [f]: pastime) ●

• La lecture est son occupation favorite le dimanche. (Reading is his favorite pastime on Sundays.)

occupation, takeover, sit-in (noun [f]: illegal installation) ●

• L’occupation de l’usine par les grévistes a duré trois semaines. (The occupation of the factory by the strikers lasted three weeks.)

occupation (noun [f]: military invasion) ●

• L’occupation du pays a pris fin en 1945. (The occupation of the country ended in 1945.)

japonais

Japanese (adjective: of Japan) ●

• J’adore la cuisine japonaise, surtout les sushis. (I love Japanese cuisine, especially sushi.)

Japanese (noun [m]: language) ●

• Elle apprend le japonais depuis deux ans. (She has been learning Japanese for two years.)

Japanese, Japanese person, Japanese man, Japanese woman (noun [m/f]: inhabitant of Japan) ●

• Mon voisin est japonais et travaille dans l’informatique. (My neighbor is Japanese and works in IT.)

emmener

take (transitive verb: transport) ●

• Ce bus vous emmènera directement à l’aéroport. (This bus will take you directly to the airport.)

take (transitive verb: go somewhere with someone) ●

• J’emmène les enfants au parc cet après-midi. (I’m taking the children to the park this afternoon.)

lead, drive, carry (transitive verb: motivate, guide) ●

• Le capitaine a su emmener son équipe vers la victoire. (The captain knew how to lead his team to victory.)

lead (transitive verb: be in front) ●

• Le champion emmène le groupe depuis le début de la course. (The champion has been leading the group since the start of the race.)

alimentaire

food (adjective: linked to food production) ●

• L’industrie alimentaire emploie des milliers de personnes. (The food industry employs thousands of people.)

dietary, eating, alimentary (adjective: relating to nutrition) ●

• Il a changé ses habitudes alimentaires pour perdre du poids. (He changed his dietary habits to lose weight.)

put food on the table, pay the bills (adjective: allows subsistence) ●

• Ce boulot alimentaire lui permet de payer son loyer en attendant mieux. (This bread-and-butter job allows him to pay his rent while waiting for something better.)

food grade (adjective: not harmful for food) ●

• Utilisez seulement du plastique alimentaire pour conserver vos aliments. (Use only food grade plastic to store your food.)

lecteur

reader (noun [m/f]: person who likes to read) ●

• Ma sœur est une grande lectrice de romans policiers. (My sister is a great reader of detective novels.)

player (noun [m]: reading device) ●

• Mon lecteur de musique est tombé en panne hier. (My music player broke down yesterday.)

reader (noun [m/f]: someone reading for an audience) ●

• Le lecteur a captivé l’auditoire avec sa voix expressive. (The reader captivated the audience with his expressive voice.)

reader (noun [m/f]: manuscript evaluator) ●

• Les lecteurs professionnels évaluent des centaines de manuscrits chaque année. (Professional readers evaluate hundreds of manuscripts each year.)

marin

sailor, mariner (noun [m]: sea professional) ●

• Son père était marin et a navigué sur tous les océans. (His father was a sailor and sailed all the oceans.)

marine, sea, seafaring (adjective: relating to the sea) ●

• La vie marine de cette région est exceptionnelle. (The marine life in this region is exceptional.)

intermédiaire [ɛ̃tɛʁmedjɛʁ]

intermediate (adjective: between two states) ●

• Ce cours est adapté aux étudiants de niveau intermédiaire. (This course is suitable for intermediate-level students.)

mid-range (adjective: product) ●

• Nous avons choisi une voiture de gamme intermédiaire. (We chose a mid-range car.)

intermediary (noun [m/f]: someone who connects people) ●

• L’avocat a servi d’intermédiaire entre les deux parties. (The lawyer served as an intermediary between the two parties.)

in the middle (expression: between two states) ●

• La solution se trouve quelque part dans la zone intermédiaire. (The solution lies somewhere in the middle.)

intervention (noun [m]: through someone) ●

• Il a trouvé ce poste grâce à l’intermédiaire de son oncle. (He found this position through his uncle’s intervention.)

middleman, go-between (noun [m/f]: informal for intermediary) ●

• Nous devons éliminer les intermédiaires pour réduire les coûts. (We need to eliminate the middlemen to reduce costs.)

mediator (noun [m/f]: someone who puts people in contact) ●

• Le juge a nommé un intermédiaire pour faciliter les négociations. (The judge appointed a mediator to facilitate negotiations.)

vœu [vø]

wish (noun [m]: desire) ●

• Son vœu le plus cher est de voyager autour du monde. (Her dearest wish is to travel around the world.)

wish (noun [m]: superstitious hope) ●

• Si tu vois une étoile filante, tu peux faire un vœu. (If you see a shooting star, you can make a wish.)

wish (noun [m] pl: wishes for others) ●

• Je vous adresse mes meilleurs vœux pour cette nouvelle année. (I send you my best wishes for the new year.)

choice (noun [m]: selection) ●

• Les candidats doivent faire trois vœux sur la plateforme d’inscription. (Candidates must make three choices on the registration platform.)

resolution, vow (noun [m]: promise) ●

• Elle a fait le vœu de courir un marathon cette année. (She made a resolution to run a marathon this year.)

New Year address (noun [m] pl: ceremony at start of year) ●

• Le président présentera ses vœux à la nation demain soir. (The president will give his New Year address to the nation tomorrow evening.)

dresser [dʀese]

set up, put up (transitive verb: erect a construction) ●

• Les bénévoles ont dressé une tente pour l’événement. (The volunteers set up a tent for the event.)

raise (transitive verb: lift a body part) ●

• Les manifestants dressèrent le bras en signe de protestation. (The protesters raised their arms in protest.)

stand, tower (reflexive verb: rise up) ●

• La cathédrale se dresse majestueusement au centre de la ville. (The cathedral stands majestically in the city center.)

lay, set (transitive verb: arrange a table carefully) ●

• Ma mère a dressé une belle table pour le dîner de famille. (My mother laid a beautiful table for the family dinner.)

draw up (transitive verb: create something carefully) ●

• Le notaire a dressé le contrat de vente. (The notary drew up the sales contract.)

rise up against, rebel against (reflexive verb: oppose) ●

• La population s’est dressée contre les nouvelles lois. (The population rose up against the new laws.)

train (transitive verb: make obedient) ●

• Il dresse son chiot à rapporter la balle. (He’s training his puppy to fetch the ball.)

be trained (reflexive verb: undergo training) ●

• Ce cheval se dresse facilement grâce à son caractère docile. (This horse is easily trained thanks to its docile nature.)

erect (transitive verb: scaffolding, building) ●

• La société a dressé une nouvelle structure métallique. (The company erected a new metal structure.)

prick up (transitive verb: ears) ●

• Le lapin dressa ses longues oreilles au moindre bruit. (The rabbit pricked up its long ears at the slightest sound.)

write (transitive verb: formally establish) ●

• Les gendarmes ont dressé un procès-verbal pour l’infraction. (The police wrote up an official report for the offense.)

train, tame (transitive verb: subdue wild animal) ●

• Au XIXe siècle, on dressait les lions dans les cirques. (In the 19th century, they used to train lions in circuses.)

train (transitive verb: habituate person to discipline) ●

• L’armée dresse les nouvelles recrues à obéir sans hésiter. (The army trains new recruits to obey without hesitation.)

arise, crop up (reflexive verb: formally appear suddenly) ●

• De nombreuses difficultés se sont dressées devant nous. (Numerous difficulties arose before us.)

conception [kɔ̃sɛpsjɔ̃]

design (noun [f]: elaboration) ●

• La conception de ce smartphone a pris deux ans. (The design of this smartphone took two years.)

idea, concept, notion (noun [f]: opinion) ●

• Sa conception de la justice diffère de la mienne. (His idea of justice differs from mine.)

conception (noun [f]: fertilization) ●

• La conception d’un enfant résulte de la rencontre de deux gamètes. (The conception of a child results from the meeting of two gametes.)

conception (noun [f]: figurative origin) ●

• Dès sa conception, ce projet était voué au succès. (From its very conception, this project was destined for success.)

afficher [afiʃe]

put up, stick up (transitive verb: post a poster) ●

• Elle a affiché une annonce pour vendre sa voiture. (She put up a notice to sell her car.)

display, show (transitive verb: list on a screen) ●

• L’ordinateur affiche un message d’erreur. (The computer displays an error message.)

be displayed, be shown (reflexive verb: be shown) ●

• Les résultats s’affichent automatiquement sur l’écran. (The results are displayed automatically on the screen.)

make public, publish, post (transitive verb: proclaim in writing) ●

• Le directeur a affiché les notes d’examen sur le tableau. (The director posted the exam grades on the board.)

make clear, be open about (transitive verb: express) ●

• Il affiche ouvertement son soutien à cette cause. (He is openly making his support for this cause clear.)

boast, post (transitive verb: figuratively present) ●

• L’entreprise affiche une croissance record cette année. (The company is posting record growth this year.)

parade yourself, showboat (reflexive verb: show yourself ostentatiously) ●

• Il aime s’afficher avec des célébrités pour se faire remarquer. (He likes to parade himself with celebrities to get noticed.)

post (transitive verb: bills) ●

• Il est interdit d’afficher des publicités sur ce mur. (It is forbidden to post advertisements on this wall.)

flaunt (transitive verb: express openly) ●

• Elle affiche sa richesse avec des bijoux extravagants. (She flaunts her wealth with extravagant jewelry.)

fragile [fʀaʒil]

breakable (adjective: object that breaks easily) ●

• Cette vaisselle est très fragile, manipule-la avec précaution. (This tableware is very breakable; handle it carefully.)

delicate, fragile (adjective: delicate, sensitive) ●

• Ce tissu ancien est fragile et nécessite un entretien spécial. (This antique fabric is delicate and requires special care.)

frail (adjective: person who is weak) ●

• Après son opération, ma grand-mère était encore très fragile. (After her operation, my grandmother was still very frail.)

uncertain, precarious (adjective: uncertain, fleeting) ●

• La paix dans cette région reste fragile malgré les accords. (Peace in this region remains uncertain despite the agreements.)

brittle (adjective: object that breaks easily) ●

• Le verre devient plus fragile avec le temps et les changements de température. (Glass becomes more brittle over time and with temperature changes.)

satisfaction [satisfaksjɔ̃]

satisfaction (noun [f]: contentment) ●

• Le sourire du client témoignait de sa satisfaction. (The customer’s smile showed his satisfaction.)

satisfaction (noun [f]: reparation) ●

• Les victimes attendent toujours d’obtenir satisfaction après le scandale. (The victims are still waiting to obtain satisfaction after the scandal.)

survenir [syʀvəniʀ]

occur, arise (intransitive verb: happen) ●

• Un incident technique est survenu pendant la présentation. (A technical incident occurred during the presentation.)

publicité [pyblisite]

advertising, publicity (noun [f]: promotion activity) ●

• La publicité joue un rôle majeur dans le succès d’un produit. (Advertising plays a major role in a product’s success.)

advertisement, ad (noun [f]: commercial message) ●

• Cette publicité passe à la télévision tous les soirs. (This advertisement airs on television every evening.)

publicity (noun [f]: media attention) ●

• L’acteur déteste toute la publicité autour de sa vie privée. (The actor hates all the publicity around his private life.)

marketing (noun [f]: promotion activity) ●

• Le département de publicité prépare la campagne pour le lancement. (The marketing department is preparing the campaign for the launch.)

arbre [aʀbʀ]

tree (noun [m]: large plant) ●

• Un vieux chêne majestueux se dresse au milieu du parc. (A majestic old oak tree stands in the middle of the park.)

shaft (noun [m]: mechanical piece creating movement) ●

• L’arbre de transmission du véhicule doit être remplacé. (The vehicle’s drive shaft needs to be replaced.)

univers [ynivɛʁ]

universe (noun [m]: space, galaxies) ●

• Les astronomes étudient l’univers et ses mystères depuis des siècles. (Astronomers have been studying the universe and its mysteries for centuries.)

world, universe, realm, sphere (noun [m]: environment, milieu) ●

• Elle a découvert l’univers de la mode grâce à sa nouvelle amie. (She discovered the world of fashion thanks to her new friend.)

aéroport [aeʁɔpɔʁ]

airport (noun [m]: air terminal) ●

• Nous devons arriver à l’aéroport deux heures avant le départ. (We must arrive at the airport two hours before departure.)

airport authority (noun [m]: company managing an airport) ●

• L’aéroport a décidé d’augmenter les taxes pour les vols internationaux. (The airport authority decided to increase fees for international flights.)

sauter [sote]

jump, leap (intransitive verb: to spring) ●

• Les enfants adorent sauter dans les flaques après la pluie. (Children love jumping in puddles after the rain.)

jump, jump over (transitive verb: clear an obstacle) ●

• Le chat a sauté la clôture pour entrer dans le jardin. (The cat jumped the fence to enter the garden.)

skip, miss, miss out (transitive verb: deliberately pass over) ●

• J’ai sauté plusieurs pages parce que l’histoire devenait ennuyeuse. (I skipped several pages because the story was getting boring.)

miss, skip (transitive verb: to omit unintentionally) ●

• Tu as sauté une ligne en recopiant le texte. (You skipped a line when copying the text.)

miss (transitive verb: skip a turn) ●

• Si tu tombes sur cette case, tu dois sauter ton prochain tour. (If you land on this square, you must miss your next turn.)

pounce on, leap on, jump on (indirect transitive verb: attack) ●

• Le lion a sauté sur sa proie sans hésitation. (The lion pounced on its prey without hesitation.)

leap on, pounce on (indirect transitive verb: rush at someone) ●

• Elle m’a sauté dessus pour me raconter la grande nouvelle. (She pounced on me to tell me the big news.)

chasse [ʃas]

hunting, hunt, shooting (noun [f]: action of hunting) ●

• Mon grand-père pratique la chasse depuis son enfance. (My grandfather has been hunting since childhood.)

flush, chain, toilet chain (noun [f]: water flushing device) ●

• N’oublie pas de tirer la chasse avant de sortir des toilettes. (Don’t forget to flush the chain before leaving the bathroom.)

war on, fight against (noun [f]: struggle or campaign) ●

• Le gouvernement a lancé une grande chasse à la corruption. (The government launched a major war on corruption.)

collège [kɔlɛʒ]

secondary school, high school, middle school, junior high, junior high school (noun [m]: secondary education establishment in France) ●

• Mon fils entre au collège l’année prochaine pour commencer la sixième. (My son is starting secondary school next year to begin Year 7.)

college, association (noun [m]: persons with the same function) ●

• Le collège des médecins s’est réuni pour discuter des nouvelles normes. (The college of doctors met to discuss the new standards.)

garantie [ɡaʁɑ̃ti]

guarantee, warranty (noun [f]: assurance or insurance) ●

• Mon ordinateur portable a encore trois mois de garantie. (My laptop still has three months of warranty.)

security, guarantee (noun [f]: collateral or deposit) ●

• La banque a exigé sa voiture comme garantie pour le prêt. (The bank demanded his car as security for the loan.)

guarantee, cover, coverage (noun [f]: thing assured or insured) ●

• Cette police d’assurance inclut une garantie vol et incendie. (This insurance policy includes theft and fire cover.)

morceau [mɔʁso]

piece, bit (noun [m]: small quantity) ●

• Je voudrais un morceau de fromage pour le déjeuner. (I would like a piece of cheese for lunch.)

piece, bit, fragment (noun [m]: part of a broken object) ●

• Le miroir est tombé et s’est brisé en plusieurs morceaux. (The mirror fell and shattered into several pieces.)

lump, cube (noun [m]: food in calibrated form) ●

• Il prend toujours deux morceaux de sucre dans son café. (He always takes two sugar lumps in his coffee.)

bit (noun [m]: part, fragment of information) ●

• Elle ne révèle son passé que par morceaux. (She only reveals her past bit by bit.)

salarié [salaʁje]

employee, staff member, member of staff (noun [m/f]: employed worker) ●

• L’entreprise compte environ trois cents salariés. (The company has around three hundred employees.)

salaried, wage-earning (adjective: receiving a salary) ●

• Les travailleurs salariés bénéficient de congés payés. (Salaried workers benefit from paid leave.)

discipline [disiplin]

discipline, self-discipline, rigor, rigour (noun [f]: strictness or self-control) ●

• Il faut beaucoup de discipline pour réussir dans ce métier. (It takes a lot of discipline to succeed in this profession.)

field, discipline, subject (noun [f]: academic subject or area) ●

• La biologie est une discipline qui passionne de nombreux étudiants. (Biology is a subject that fascinates many students.)

sporting discipline, sport (noun [f]: sporting event or category) ●

• Le saut à la perche est une discipline olympique exigeante. (Pole vaulting is a demanding Olympic sporting discipline.)

explosion [ɛksplozjɔ̃]

explosion, blast (noun [f]: sudden bursting) ●

• L’explosion a été entendue à plusieurs kilomètres à la ronde. (The explosion was heard for several kilometers around.)

explosion, outburst, eruption (noun [f]: sudden manifestation of emotion) ●

• La victoire a provoqué une explosion de joie chez les supporters. (The victory triggered an outburst of joy among the fans.)

peau [po]

skin (noun [f]: body covering) ●

• Elle applique une crème protectrice sur sa peau avant de sortir au soleil. (She applies protective cream to her skin before going out in the sun.)

peel, skin, rind (noun [f]: fruit covering) ●

• N’oubliez pas d’enlever la peau de la pomme avant de la manger. (Don’t forget to remove the peel from the apple before eating it.)

commande [kɔmɑ̃d]

order (noun [f]: purchase request) ●

• Le client a passé une commande importante hier soir. (The customer placed a large order last night.)

control (noun [f]: device or mechanism) ●

• Les commandes de l’avion sont situées dans le cockpit. (The aircraft’s controls are located in the cockpit.)

on/off switch (noun [f]: activation mechanism) ●

• Appuyez sur la commande rouge pour activer le système. (Press the red on/off switch to activate the system.)

charge, reins (noun [f] pl: leadership or direction) ●

• Après la démission du directeur, Marie a pris les commandes du projet. (After the director resigned, Marie took charge of the project.)

request (noun [f]: demand) ●

• Ce produit n’est disponible que sur commande spéciale. (This product is only available on special request.)

command, instruction (noun [f]: computing instruction) ●

• Cette commande permet d’afficher tous les fichiers cachés. (This command allows you to display all hidden files.)