o [u]

The (definite article preceding masculine nouns)

• O cão ladra para o carteiro todas as manhãs. (The dog barks at the mailman every morning.)

It (pronoun replacing a previously mentioned masculine noun)

• Comprei um livro ontem e já o li. (I bought a book yesterday and have already read it.)

Him (pronoun replacing a previously mentioned male person)

• O João saiu mais cedo, mas eu não o vi. (João left earlier, but I didn’t see him.)

a [ɐ]

The (definite article preceding feminine nouns)

• A casa fica no topo da colina. (The house is at the top of the hill.)

To (preposition indicating direction or destination)

• Vou a Londres na próxima semana. (I’m going to London next week.)

On, at (preposition indicating location)

• O livro está a mesa. (The book is on the table.)

By, per (preposition indicating rate or frequency)

• Este carro faz 15 km a litro. (This car does 15 km per litre.)

Her (pronoun replacing a previously mentioned female person)

• A Maria está atrasada, vou tentar telefonar-lhe a ela. (Maria is late, I’ll try calling her.)

de [dɨ]

From (preposition indicating origin or source)

• Ele é de Lisboa, mas vive no Porto. (He is from Lisbon, but lives in Porto.)

For (preposition indicating purpose or use)

• Este copo é de vinho. (This glass is for wine.)

Of (preposition indicating possession or association)

• O carro da minha irmã é azul. (My sister’s car is blue.)

From (preposition indicating a starting point in time or place)

• A loja está aberta de segunda a sexta. (The store is open from Monday to Friday.)

On, in, with (preposition indicating a physical condition or posture)

• Ele estava de joelhos quando pediu desculpa. (He was on his knees when he apologized.)

With (preposition indicating means or resources)

• Ela escreveu a carta de próprio punho. (She wrote the letter with her own hand.)

Of, from, with, due to (preposition indicating reason or motive)

• Ele está a tremer de frio. (He is shivering from the cold.)

Of (preposition indicating measure or volume)

• Preciso de um copo de água. (I need a glass of water.)

For (preposition indicating price)

• Comprei este livro de dez euros. (I bought this book for ten euros.)

Of (preposition indicating content or material)

• Esta mesa é feita de madeira. (This table is made of wood.)

em [ɐ̃j]

In, on, at (preposition indicating location)

• Ele mora em Lisboa. (He lives in Lisbon.)

In (preposition indicating situation or condition)

• Estamos em guerra. (We are in a war.)

In, within (preposition indicating time or deadline)

• O projeto deve ser concluído em duas semanas. (The project must be completed within two weeks.)

In (preposition indicating manner, state, or way of being)

• Ela fala em voz baixa. (She speaks in a low voice.)

In, to, at (preposition indicating purpose or aim)

• Ele trabalha em prol da comunidade. (He works for the benefit of the community.)

In, of (preposition indicating distribution or division)

• O livro está dividido em três capítulos. (The book is divided into three chapters.)

In (preposition indicating manner or state)

• Ela está em choque após o acidente. (She is in shock after the accident.)

e [i]

And (conjunction)

• O João e a Maria foram ao cinema. (João and Maria went to the movies.)

And (conjunction indicating opposition or contrast)

• Ele é rico e infeliz. (He is rich and unhappy.)

que [kɨ]

What (pronoun: used to ask for information about something)

• O que aconteceu ontem? (What happened yesterday?)

Which (pronoun: used to specify or identify a particular thing or person)

• Que livro você está lendo? (Which book are you reading?)

That (pronoun: used to introduce a subordinate clause)

• Ele disse que vai chegar mais tarde. (He said that he will arrive later.)

Than (conjunction: used to introduce a term of comparison)

• Ela é mais alta que a irmã. (She is taller than her sister.)

That (conjunction: used to indicate cause or reason)

• Estou tão cansado que vou dormir cedo. (I’m so tired that I’m going to bed early.)

ser [sɛɾ]

Be (verb: used to indicate a condition or aspect)

• Ela é muito inteligente. (She is very intelligent.)

Be (auxiliary verb: used to form compound tenses)

• Eles têm sido amigos desde a infância. (They have been friends since childhood.)

Person, human, human being (noun: a human individual)

• Todo ser humano tem direito à liberdade. (Every human being has the right to freedom.)

Being, entity (noun: something that exists)

• Deus é o Ser Supremo. (God is the Supreme Being.)

Being, existence, life, living (noun: the state of existing or living)

• O ser ou não ser, eis a questão. (To be or not to be, that is the question.)

Exist (intransitive verb: to have real existence)

• Eu penso, logo eu sou. (I think, therefore I am.)

um [ũ]

A, an (indefinite article: used before masculine nouns)

• Um amigo meu vai viajar amanhã. (A friend of mine is going to travel tomorrow.)

One (numeral: the number 1)

• Tenho apenas um irmão. (I have only one brother.)

One (pronoun: referring to a person)

• Alguém bateu à porta. Deve ser um dos vizinhos. (Someone knocked on the door. It must be one of the neighbors.)

One (pronoun: referring to a thing or item)

• Qual destes livros você quer? Pode levar um. (Which of these books do you want? You can take one.)

A, an (indefinite article: used to indicate each, every, or any)

• Um atleta deve treinar todos os dias. (An athlete must train every day.)

uma [ˈumɐ]

A, an (indefinite article: used before feminine nouns)

• Vou comprar uma casa nova. (I’m going to buy a new house.)

A, an (indefinite article: used to indicate each, every, or any)

• Uma criança precisa de amor e atenção. (A child needs love and attention.)

One (numeral: the number 1)

• Tenho apenas uma irmã. (I have only one sister.)

One (pronoun: referring to a person)

• Uma de vocês terá que ficar e ajudar. (One of you will have to stay and help.)

One (pronoun: referring to a thing or item)

• Das opções disponíveis, prefiro uma. (Of the available options, I prefer one.)

por [puɾ]

For (preposition: indicating purpose, reason, or benefit)

• Ela trabalha por prazer, não por dinheiro. (She works for pleasure, not for money.)

By (preposition: indicating means, agent, or cause)

• O livro foi escrito por um autor famoso. (The book was written by a famous author.)

Through (preposition: indicating movement or passage)

• Eles passaram por várias cidades durante a viagem. (They passed through several cities during the trip.)

Per (preposition: indicating ratio or distribution)

• O preço do ingresso é de 10 euros por pessoa. (The ticket price is 10 euros per person.)

para [ˈpaɾɐ]

To, toward, towards (preposition: indicating direction or destination)

• Ela viajou para o Brasil nas férias. (She traveled to Brazil for vacation.)

For (preposition: indicating a specific time or occasion)

• Guardei este vinho especialmente para o seu aniversário. (I saved this wine especially for your birthday.)

For (preposition: indicating purpose or recipient)

• Comprei um presente para a minha mãe. (I bought a gift for my mother.)

For, against (preposition: indicating support or opposition)

• Ele sempre luta para defender os mais fracos. (He always fights for the weakest.)

To, for, in order to, so as to (preposition: indicating purpose or intention)

• Ela estuda muito para passar no exame. (She studies hard in order to pass the exam.)

About to (preposition: indicating something is imminent or ready to happen)

• O trem está para chegar à estação. (The train is about to arrive at the station.)

For, according to, in the opinion of (preposition: indicating someone’s perspective)

• Para mim, este é o melhor filme do ano. (In my opinion, this is the best movie of the year.)

To, for, in order to (preposition: indicating intention or purpose)

• Saímos cedo para chegar a tempo. (We left early to arrive on time.)

não [nɐ̃w]

Not (adverb: used to negate a verb or clause)

• Ele não gosta de chocolate. (He does not like chocolate.)

No (particle: used to refuse or deny something)

• Você quer ir ao cinema? Não, obrigado. (Do you want to go to the movies? No, thank you.)

Non- (adverb: used to change the meaning of a word to its opposite)

• Este é um problema não-trivial. (This is a non-trivial problem.)

No (particle: used to reinforce a negative statement)

• Não, de jeito nenhum! (No way!)

Not (adverb: used in questions formulated as negatives)

• Você não concorda comigo? (Don’t you agree with me?)

No (noun: the act of refusing or denying)

• Ele respondeu com um não firme. (He responded with a firm no.)

com [kõ]

With (preposition: indicating accompaniment or inclusion)

• Ela sempre toma café com leite. (She always drinks coffee with milk.)

With, as well as, plus (preposition: indicating addition)

• Ele pediu uma pizza com queijo extra. (He ordered a pizza with extra cheese.)

With (preposition: indicating manner or method)

• Ela resolveu o problema com facilidade. (She solved the problem with ease.)

With (preposition: indicating means or instrument)

• Ele cortou o papel com uma tesoura. (He cut the paper with scissors.)

With, due to (preposition: indicating reason or cause)

• Ela está tremendo com frio. (She is shivering with cold.)

With (preposition: indicating a state or condition)

• Ele sempre anda com pressa. (He always walks with haste.)

With, along with, near to, near, beside (preposition: indicating proximity)

• Ela sentou-se com os amigos. (She sat with her friends.)

With, against, to (preposition: indicating opposition or contrast)

• Ele competiu com os melhores atletas do mundo. (He competed against the best athletes in the world.)

With, at the same time as, along with (preposition: indicating simultaneity)

• Ela cantava com a música. (She sang along with the music.)

ter [tɛɾ]

Have, own, possess (transitive verb: to possess or hold as property)

• Ela tem uma casa grande. (She has a big house.)

Hold, have (transitive verb: to hold in one’s hands)

• Ele tem o livro nas mãos. (He has the book in his hands.)

Carry, have (transitive verb: to carry or bring with oneself)

• Sempre tenho um guarda-chuva comigo. (I always have an umbrella with me.)

Have, retain (transitive verb: to maintain or keep, especially memories or feelings)

• Tenho boas lembranças daquela viagem. (I have good memories of that trip.)

Have, contain, hold (transitive verb: to enclose or contain)

• Este frasco tem 100ml de perfume. (This bottle contains 100ml of perfume.)

Have, suffer from (transitive verb: to suffer or be afflicted with an illness or pain)

• Ele tem uma dor de cabeça terrível. (He has a terrible headache.)

Have, produce, give (transitive verb: to give existence to or generate)

• Eles tiveram três filhos. (They had three children.)

Have (transitive verb: to present or display a characteristic)

• Este vinho tem um sabor frutado. (This wine has a fruity flavor.)

se [sɨ]

If (conjunction: introducing a condition)

• Se chover, ficaremos em casa. (If it rains, we will stay home.)

If, whether (conjunction: introducing an indirect question)

• Não sei se ele virá à festa. (I don’t know if (whether) he will come to the party.)

Himself, herself, itself, oneself, themselves, yourself, yourselves (reflexive pronoun: used as a direct object)

• Ela se cortou ao fatiar o pão. (She cut herself while slicing the bread.)

Himself, herself, itself, oneself, themselves, yourself, yourselves (grammar: used in passive constructions)

• Vendem-se casas. (Houses are sold. / Houses for sale.)

Himself, herself, itself, oneself, themselves, yourself, yourselves (grammar: used in passive constructions with an indefinite subject)

• Diz-se que ele é um gênio. (It is said that he is a genius. / People say he is a genius.)

Himself, herself, itself, oneself, themselves, yourself, yourselves (reflexive pronoun: used with pronominal verbs)

• Eles se amam profundamente. (They love each other deeply.)

seu [sew]

Your, yours (pronoun: belonging to the person being addressed, second person singular and plural)

• Onde está o seu casaco? (Where is your coat?)

His (pronoun: belonging to a male person being referred to, third person singular masculine)

• O João perdeu seu relógio. (João lost his watch.)

Her, hers (pronoun: belonging to a female person being referred to, third person singular feminine)

• A Maria esqueceu seu guarda-chuva. (Maria forgot her umbrella.)

como [ˈkomu]

How (adverb: in what manner or way)

• Como você fez isso? (How did you do that?)

What, sorry (adverb: indicating something that should be repeated)

• Como? Não entendi. (What? I didn’t understand. / Sorry? I didn’t catch that.)

How, so (adverb: to what extent or degree)

• Como ela é bonita! (How beautiful she is!)

How, that (adverb: by which means)

• Não sei como ele conseguiu. (I don’t know how he managed to do it.)

Like, as (adverb: in the same way or manner)

• Ele canta como um passarinho. (He sings like a bird.)

As well as (adverb: in addition to)

• Estudamos matemática como também ciências. (We study mathematics as well as science.)

Like, about, approximately (adverb: indicating similarity or approximation)

• Ele tem como 30 anos. (He is like / about / approximately 30 years old.)

What? (interjection: expressing surprise or indignation)

• Como? Você não vai me ajudar? (What? You’re not going to help me?)

estar [ɨʃtˈaɾ]

Be (verb: expressing a temporary state or condition)

• Ele está feliz hoje. (He is happy today.)

Be, sit, stand (verb: maintaining a certain position)

• Ela está sentada no sofá. (She is sitting on the couch.)

Stay, remain (verb: to remain or continue in a place or state)

• Eles estão em casa. (They are staying at home.)

Be (verb: expressing a temporary circumstance)

• O carro está quebrado. (The car is broken.)

Be (verb: having reached a certain point or moment)

• Já está na hora de ir. (It is time to go.)

Be, work as (transitive verb: to pursue a profession)

• Ela está professora. (She is working as a teacher.)

Attend, show up, appear (transitive verb: to be present at an event)

• Eles não estiveram na reunião. (They did not attend the meeting.)

Be, lie, be found, reside (transitive verb: to consist of or be located)

• A solução está na educação. (The solution lies in education.)

mais [mˈajʃ]

More, most (adverb: in greater quantity or degree)

• Quero mais café, por favor. (I want more coffee, please.)
• Ela é a mais inteligente da turma. (She is the most intelligent in the class.)

More than, greater than, above (adverb: exceeding in quantity or degree)

• Isso custa mais de cem euros. (That costs more than one hundred euros.)

Again, once more (adverb: another time)

• Vamos assistir esse filme mais uma vez. (Let’s watch this movie once more.)

No more, no longer, not anymore (adverb: indicating cessation)

• Não quero mais brincar. (I don’t want to play anymore.)

More (adverb: in addition)

• Quero um copo de água e mais um de suco. (I want a glass of water and one more of juice.)

Majority, the greater part, the greatest part, the most (noun: the largest portion)

• A mais da população vive na cidade. (The majority of the population lives in the city.)

Rest, remainder (noun: the remaining part)

• Coma metade agora e deixe o mais para depois. (Eat half now and leave the rest for later.)

Plus, and, with (conjunction: along with, in addition to)

• Três mais quatro é igual a sete. (Three plus four equals seven.)

mas [mɐʃ]

But (conjunction: introducing a contrast or opposition)

• Gosto de ler, mas não tenho muito tempo. (I like to read, but I don’t have much time.)

But, however (conjunction: introducing a counterargument)

• Ele é inteligente, mas preguiçoso. (He is intelligent, but lazy.)

Except, apart from (conjunction: introducing an exception)

• Todos vieram à festa, mas o João. (Everyone came to the party, except João.)

But, however (conjunction: introducing an explanation)

• Não fui à praia, mas fiquei em casa. (I didn’t go to the beach, but stayed at home instead.)

But (conjunction: expressing surprise)

• Mas que surpresa agradável! (But what a pleasant surprise!)

But, however (conjunction: indicating a previous relationship)

• Éramos amigos, mas perdemos o contato. (We were friends, but we lost contact.)

But, and (adverb: confirming what was said)

• Mas claro que vou ajudar! (But of course I will help!)

But, snag, problem (noun: a difficulty or problem)

• Há um mas neste plano. (There’s a but/snag in this plan.)

fazer [fɐzˈeɾ]

Make, create (transitive verb: to bring into existence)

• Vamos fazer um bolo. (Let’s make a cake.)

Make, build, construct (transitive verb: to construct or assemble)

• Eles fizeram uma casa na árvore. (They built a tree house.)

Write, produce, compose, create (transitive verb: to create written or artistic work)

• Ela fez um poema lindo. (She wrote a beautiful poem.)

Say, make, give (transitive verb: to utter or deliver)

• O presidente fez um discurso emocionante. (The president gave an emotional speech.)

Make, cook, prepare (transitive verb: to prepare food)

• Vou fazer o jantar. (I will make dinner.)

Do, work at (transitive verb: to perform or carry out)

• O que você está fazendo? (What are you doing?)

Do, study, take (transitive verb: to study or take a course)

• Ela faz medicina na universidade. (She studies medicine at university.)

Be (impersonal verb: describing weather conditions)

• Faz frio hoje. (It is cold today.)

Become, get, turn (pronominal verb: to turn into)

• A água fez-se vapor. (The water turned into steam.)

Get, become (pronominal verb: to become or grow)

• Ela fez-se pálida ao ouvir a notícia. (She became pale upon hearing the news.)

Be, conduct oneself (pronominal verb: to behave in a dignified manner)

• Ele faz-se de importante, mas não é. (He acts important, but he isn’t.)

Become, turn, get (pronominal verb: to come to be)

• O problema fez-se maior com o tempo. (The problem got bigger over time.)

Pretend, pretend to be, act like (pronominal verb: to pretend or feign)

• Ele fez-se de bobo para evitar a pergunta. (He played dumb to avoid the question.)

poder [puˈdeɾ]

Can, to be able to (auxiliary verb: indicating ability or capability)

• Ela pode falar três idiomas. (She can speak three languages.)

Can, may, to be able to, to have the possibility (transitive verb: indicating possibility)

• Posso chegar atrasado devido ao trânsito. (I may be late due to traffic.)

Can, to be able to, to know how to, to manage (transitive verb: indicating strength or skill)

• Ela pode levantar 50 kg. (She can lift 50 kg.)

Can, to be allowed to (transitive verb: indicating permission)

• Posso sair agora? (Can I leave now?)

Can, to be able to, to bear, to take (transitive verb: indicating endurance)

• Não posso mais suportar essa dor. (I can’t bear this pain anymore.)

Can, may, to be able to, to be allowed to (intransitive verb: indicating possibility)

• Pode chover hoje à tarde. (It may rain this afternoon.)

Can, to be able to (intransitive verb: indicating strength)

• Faço o que posso para ajudar. (I do what I can to help.)

Power, authority (noun: the right to deliberate or act)

• O poder está nas mãos do povo. (The power is in the hands of the people.)

este [ˈeʃtɨ]

This (pronoun: referring to something close by)

• Este livro é muito interessante. (This book is very interesting.)

This (pronoun: referring to something about to be mentioned)

• Ouça este conselho: nunca desista dos seus sonhos. (Listen to this advice: never give up on your dreams.)

ou [ˈo]

Or, either (conjunction: expressing exclusion or choice between alternatives)

• Você prefere chá ou café? (Do you prefer tea or coffee?)

ele [ˈelɨ]

He (pronoun: referring to a male person as the subject of a sentence)

• Ele é um ótimo professor. (He is a great teacher.)

Him (pronoun: referring to a male person as the object of a sentence)

• Eu vi ele no parque ontem. (I saw him at the park yesterday.)

esse [ˈesɨ]

This, that (pronoun: referring to something near the speaker)

• Esse bolo parece delicioso. (This cake looks delicious.)

This, that, the aforementioned (pronoun: referring back to a previously mentioned term)

• O João chegou atrasado. Esse atraso causou problemas. (João arrived late. This/That delay caused problems.)

This, that (pronoun: referring to something unknown or unspecified)

• Quem é esse na foto? (Who is this/that person in the photo?)

This, that (pronoun: referring to a distant time mentioned)

• Nesse tempo, as coisas eram diferentes. (At that time, things were different.)

outro [ˈotɾu]

Other, different (adjective: indicating something distinct)

• Ele prefere outro tipo de música. (He prefers another type of music.)

The other one (pronoun: indicating something distant from the speaker)

• Passe-me o outro, por favor. (Pass me the other one, please.)

Another, one more (pronoun: indicating an additional item)

• Quero outro copo de água. (I want another glass of water.)

Opposite, contrary (adjective: indicating something with contrary characteristics)

• Eles têm opiniões completamente outras sobre o assunto. (They have completely opposite opinions on the subject.)

Next, following (adjective: indicating a subsequent item in a sequence)

• Na outra semana, vamos viajar. (Next week, we’re going to travel.)

Better, superior, finer (adjective: indicating something of higher quality)

• Este vinho é outro nível de qualidade. (This wine is another level of quality.)

The rest, remaining (noun: indicating a remaining portion)

• Alguns foram embora, mas os outros ficaram. (Some left, but the others stayed.)

Similar, equal (adjective: indicating something alike)

• Quero uma camisa igual a outra que comprei. (I want a shirt just like the other one I bought.)

muito [ˈmũjtu]

Much, greatly, very (adverb: indicating a large extent or degree)

• Ela ficou muito feliz com a notícia. (She was very happy with the news.)

A lot, much, plenty, many (noun: indicating a large quantity of something)

• Havia muito para comer na festa. (There was plenty to eat at the party.)

Much (pronoun: used before uncountable nouns to indicate a large quantity)

• Não sobrou muito do bolo. (There isn’t much cake left.)

Many (pronoun: used before countable nouns to indicate a large number)

• Muitos vieram à reunião. (Many came to the meeting.)

A lot of (expression: indicating a large quantity or number)

• Ele tem muito dinheiro no banco. (He has a lot of money in the bank.)

haver [ɐˈveɾ]

There is, there are (verb: indicating existence)

• Há muitas pessoas na festa. (There are many people at the party.)

To happen, to occur (verb: indicating an event taking place)

• O que houve ontem à noite? (What happened last night?)

To have, to possess (verb: indicating ownership)

• Eu havia um livro sobre esse assunto. (I had a book on that subject.)

Ago, for (adverb: indicating a period of time in the past)

• Ele saiu há uma hora. (He left an hour ago.)

To have (auxiliary verb: used to form perfect tenses)

• Ela havia terminado o trabalho antes do prazo. (She had finished the work before the deadline.)

Property, wealth, possessions (noun: indicating assets owned)

• Ele acumulou um grande haver ao longo dos anos. (He accumulated great wealth over the years.)

Credit (noun: in bookkeeping, the portion reserved for credits)

• Lançou a quantia no haver da empresa. (He entered the amount on the company’s credit side.)

To deal with, to conduct business with (reflexive verb: indicating interaction)

• Ela sabe haver-se bem com os clientes. (She knows how to deal well with customers.)

To explain oneself, to answer to (reflexive verb: indicating accountability)

• Terá que haver-se com o chefe sobre esse assunto. (He will have to answer to the boss about this matter.)

To explain oneself, to justify oneself (reflexive verb: providing reasons)

• O réu tentou haver-se da acusação. (The defendant tried to justify himself against the accusation.)

todo [ˈtodu]

Entire, complete, whole (adj)

• Ele leu o livro todo em um dia. (He read the entire book in one day.)

Everything, anything, all (pronoun: referring to a totality or entirety)

• Todos vieram à festa. (Everyone came to the party.)

All, wholly, entirely, completely (adverb: to the full or entire extent)

• Ela ficou toda feliz ao receber a notícia. (She became completely happy upon receiving the news.)

All, everything (noun: referring to the whole, entire amount or quantity)

• O todo é maior que a soma das partes. (The whole is greater than the sum of its parts.)

eu [ˈew]

I (personal pronoun: first person singular)

• Eu gosto de sorvete. (I like ice cream.)

já [ˈʒa]

Already, now, right now (adverb: at this moment)

• Ele já chegou em casa. (He is already home.)

Already, before, previously, formerly (adverb: at some point in the past)

• Eu já morei em Lisboa. (I have already lived in Lisbon.)

Immediately, now, right now (adverb: without delay)

• Vamos já para a praia! (Let’s go to the beach right now!)

Shortly, soon (adverb: in a short time)

• O filme já vai começar. (The movie will start soon.)

At least (adverb: indicating a minimum)

• Ele já sabe ler, o que é um bom começo. (He can at least read, which is a good start.)

Already (adverb: indicates something happened sooner than expected)

• Você já terminou o trabalho? Que rápido! (You’ve already finished the job? That was fast!)

dizer [diˈzeɾ]

To say, to express (verb: to communicate verbally or in writing)

• Ela sempre diz a verdade, não importa o quão difícil seja. (She always tells the truth, no matter how difficult it is.)

To say, to pronounce, to declare (verb: to articulate, to state clearly)

• Ele disse seu nome em voz alta para que todos ouvissem. (He said his name out loud for everyone to hear.)

To tell, to relate, to recount (verb: to narrate, to give an account of)

• O avô gosta de dizer histórias sobre sua infância. (Grandfather likes to tell stories about his childhood.)

To say, to celebrate (verb: to perform a religious rite, especially mass)

• O padre disse a missa na capela histórica. (The priest said mass in the historic chapel.)

To say, to state, to declare (verb: to assert, to proclaim)

• O presidente disse que não aumentará os impostos. (The president said he will not raise taxes.)

To say, to mean, to signify (verb: to have a particular meaning)

• O que você quer dizer com esse comentário? (What do you mean by that comment?)

To correspond to, to go well with, to agree with (verb: to match, to be consistent with)

• Esse vinho diz bem com queijo. (This wine goes well with cheese.)

To recite (verb: to repeat from memory, especially poetry)

• As crianças disseram um poema na festa da escola. (The children recited a poem at the school party.)

ano [ˈɐnu]

Year (noun: a period of 365 days)

• O ano tem doze meses. (The year has twelve months.)

Year, school year (noun: in education, an academic year)

• O ano letivo começa em setembro. (The school year starts in September.)

dar [daɾ]

To give, to donate, to bestow (transitive verb: to provide or transfer)

• Ela deu um presente ao namorado. (She gave a gift to her boyfriend.)

To give, to attribute (transitive verb: to assign a title or value)

• O júri deu-lhe o primeiro prémio. (The jury gave him first prize.)

To give, to present, to put on (transitive verb: to organize an event)

• A banda vai dar um concerto no sábado. (The band will give a concert on Saturday.)

To give, to convey, to communicate, to pass (transitive verb: to transmit)

• Ele deu-me a notícia esta manhã. (He gave me the news this morning.)

To meet, to come upon, to find, to discover (transitive verb: to encounter)

• Dei com ela na rua ontem. (I came upon her on the street yesterday.)

To give onto, to open onto (transitive verb: to provide access to)

• A janela dá para o jardim. (The window opens onto the garden.)

To have a vocation for, to be into (transitive verb: to have an aptitude for)

• Ela dá para a música. (She has a vocation for music.)

To give, to teach, to present (transitive verb: to deliver a lesson)

• O professor deu uma aula sobre história. (The teacher gave a lesson on history.)

To accept, to agree, to adapt (reflexive verb: to come to terms with)

• Ela deu-se bem com a nova situação. (She adapted well to the new situation.)

To get on, to agree (reflexive verb: to have a relationship with)

• Eles dão-se bem apesar das diferenças. (They get along well despite their differences.)

To happen, to occur, to take place (reflexive verb: to come about)

• O acidente deu-se ontem à noite. (The accident happened last night.)

também [tɐ̃ˈbɐ̃j]

Likewise, too, as well, also (adverb: indicating similarity)

• Ela gosta de ler, e eu também. (She likes to read, and I do too.)

Too, as well, also (adverb: indicating addition in the same way)

• Ele canta bem, e dança também. (He sings well, and dances as well.)

Too, as well, also (adverb: indicating contrast or another aspect)

• O filme é longo, mas também é interessante. (The movie is long, but it’s also interesting.)

Really, truly (adverb: emphasizing a statement)

• Ela é também muito inteligente. (She is really very intelligent.)

And, as well as (conjunction: joining equal terms)

• Gosto de café, e também de chá. (I like coffee, and tea as well.)

But, as well as (conjunction: indicating contrast or addition)

• Ele é novo na empresa, mas também é muito competente. (He’s new to the company, but also very competent.)

What’s more, really, seriously (interjection: expressing displeasure)

• Também, que falta de educação! (Really, what a lack of manners!)

quando [ˈkwɐ̃du]

When (adverb: indicating a question about time)

• Quando é que vais partir? (When are you going to leave?)

When (conjunction: indicating a specific time)

• Quando o sol se põe, a noite cai. (When the sun sets, night falls.)

When, that, in which (pronoun: referring to a time)

• O dia quando nos conhecemos foi inesquecível. (The day when we met was unforgettable.)

Although, though, even if, even though (conjunction: indicating a contrast)

• Vou sair, quando está a chover. (I’m going out, even though it’s raining.)

Since (conjunction: referring to a starting point)

• Trabalha nesta empresa quando se licenciou. (He’s worked at this company since he graduated.)

As soon as (conjunction: indicating an immediate sequence)

• Quando o vi, soube que era ele. (As soon as I saw him, I knew it was him.)

Although, though (conjunction: indicating a concession)

• Vou contigo quando estou cansado. (I’ll go with you although I’m tired.)

If (conjunction: indicating a condition)

• Quando quiseres, podemos falar. (We can talk if you want.)

mesmo [ˈmeʒmu]

The same, the same one (pronoun: referring to something identical)

• Compraram o mesmo carro que nós. (They bought the same car as us.)

Same (adjective: identical, equal)

• Temos a mesma opinião sobre o assunto. (We have the same opinion on the matter.)

Similar (adjective: comparable, nearly equal)

• Os gémeos têm personalidades muito mesmo. (The twins have very similar personalities.)

Itself, actual, real (adjective: emphasizing the noun’s identity)

• Foi o mesmo presidente quem o disse. (It was the president himself who said it.)

The same, the same thing (noun: referring to something identical)

• Aconteceu mesmo na semana passada. (The same thing happened last week.)

The same (noun: something unchangeable)

• Algumas coisas permanecem sempre o mesmo. (Some things always stay the same.)

Even (adverb: used to emphasize something surprising)

• Mesmo ele concordou com a decisão. (Even he agreed with the decision.)

Really, actually (adverb: in fact, in reality)

• Mesmo não sei o que dizer. (I really don’t know what to say.)

ver [ˈveɾ]

To see, to look at (transitive verb: to perceive with the eyes)

• Não consegui ver o quadro claramente. (I couldn’t see the board clearly.)

To see, to witness (transitive verb: to be present at or observe an event)

• Eles viram o acidente. (They saw the accident.)

To see, to meet (transitive verb: to encounter or meet with someone)

• Vou ver a minha avó amanhã. (I’m going to see my grandmother tomorrow.)

To see, to realize, to understand (transitive verb: to recognize or comprehend)

• Agora vejo a situação de forma diferente. (Now I see the situation differently.)

To see, to deduce, to conclude (transitive verb: to infer or come to a conclusion)

• Pelas evidências apresentadas, vejo que o réu é inocente. (From the evidence presented, I see that the defendant is innocent.)

To consider, to think about (transitive verb: to ponder or contemplate)

• Preciso de tempo para ver as minhas opções. (I need time to consider my options.)

To see (intransitive verb: to perceive with the eyes)

• Sem os óculos, não vejo bem. (Without my glasses, I don’t see well.)

até [aˈtɛ]

Until, till, to (preposition: indicating a limit in time or space)

• Ela ficou até tarde no escritório. (She stayed at the office until late.)

Even, including (adverb: used to emphasize the inclusion of something)

• Ele comeu tudo, até a sobremesa. (He ate everything, even the dessert.)

dois [dojʃ]

Two (numeral: one plus one)

• Tenho dois irmãos mais novos. (I have two younger brothers.)

Two, number two (noun [m]: card or piece in a game)

• O dois de copas é a carta que falta no baralho. (The two of hearts is the missing card in the deck.)

ainda [aˈĩdɐ]

Still, yet (adverb: until now, up to this moment)

• Ele ainda está a dormir. (He is still sleeping.)

Until then, hitherto (adverb: up to that time)

• Não tinha ouvido essa música ainda. (I hadn’t heard that song until then.)

At least (adverb: indicating a minimum)

• Ainda tenho algum dinheiro na carteira. (At least I have some money in my wallet.)

As well, also, even (adverb: in addition)

• Ela canta e ainda toca guitarra. (She sings and also plays the guitar.)

Also, besides (adverb: moreover)

• Gosto de chocolate e ainda de gelado. (I like chocolate and also ice cream.)

isso [ˈisu]

This, that (pronoun: something near the listener)

• Podes passar-me isso, por favor? (Can you pass me that, please?)

This, that (pronoun: something that has just been said)

• Não acredito que disseste isso! (I can’t believe you said that!)

Exactly!, Right! (interjection: expressing agreement or support)

• Isso, concordo plenamente! (Exactly, I completely agree!)

grande [ˈɡɾɐ̃dɨ]

Big, large, great, vast (adjective: larger than average)

• Eles moram numa casa grande. (They live in a big house.)

Big, heavily built (adjective: bulky, strong)

• O jogador de rugby é grande e musculoso. (The rugby player is big and muscular.)

Tall (adjective: long in height)

• O meu irmão é mais grande do que eu. (My brother is taller than me.)

Big, great, numerous (adjective: large in number)

• Uma grande multidão reuniu-se para o concerto. (A big crowd gathered for the concert.)

Great (adjective, figurative: grown, developed)

• Ela é uma grande artista. (She is a great artist.)

Great, huge, vast (adjective: excessive, copious)

• Eles têm uma grande coleção de selos. (They have a huge stamp collection.)

Long (adjective: of extended duration in time)

• Foi uma grande viagem de carro. (It was a long car journey.)

Great, notable (adjective, figurative: remarkable, exceptional)

• Ele é um grande líder. (He is a great leader.)

Great, generous, magnificent (adjective: kind, magnanimous)

• Ela tem um grande coração. (She has a great heart.)

Greater (adjective: referring to a geopolitical unit)

• Eles moram na Grande Lisboa. (They live in Greater Lisbon.)

vez [ˈveʃ]

Time, occasion, occurrence (noun [f]: each instance of an event)

• Já fui a Paris duas vezes. (I have been to Paris two times.)

Turn (noun [f]: a shift, a rotation)

• É a tua vez de lavar a louça. (It’s your turn to wash the dishes.)

Time, moment (noun [f]: a specific point in time)

• Chegou a vez de ela falar. (Her time to speak arrived.)

Turn, chance, opportunity (noun [f]: an opportunity)

• Ela aproveitou a vez para agradecer a todos. (She took the opportunity to thank everyone.)

algum [aɫˈɡũ]

Any, any one (pronoun: one among several)

• Algum de vocês sabe a resposta? (Do any of you know the answer?)

A, an, some, any (indefinite article)

• Ela comprou alguns livros. (She bought some books.)

No (indefinite article: in some negative clausal structures)

• Não tenho algum dinheiro. (I don’t have any money.)

Some, any (pronoun: whichever)

• Podes escolher algum dos prémios. (You can choose any of the prizes.)

Some, a little (pronoun: an undetermined quantity)

• Ela tem algum tempo livre hoje. (She has some free time today.)

Some, a little (pronoun: a small quantity)

• Tens algum açúcar? (Do you have a little sugar?)

ela [ˈɛlɐ]

She (pronoun: the woman being referred to, as the subject)

• Ela é muito inteligente. (She is very intelligent.)

Her (pronoun: the woman being referred to, as the object)

• Eu conheço ela. (I know her.)

depois [dɨˈpojʃ]

After, following (preposition: subsequent to)

• Vamos sair depois do jantar. (We’ll go out after dinner.)

After, afterward, afterwards, later (adverb: at a later time)

• Falamos depois. (We’ll talk later.)

Behind, after (preposition, adverb: at the back, following spatially)

• Ele estava depois de mim na fila. (He was behind me in the queue.)

Besides, furthermore, also (adverb: in addition)

• Ela é inteligente e depois, muito simpática. (She is intelligent and furthermore, very kind.)

entre [ˈẽtɾɨ]

Between, in the middle of, among (preposition: in the space separating two or more things)

• O gato está entre as almofadas. (The cat is between the cushions.)

Through, between (preposition: moving in one side and out the other)

• Ele passou entre os carros. (He walked between the cars.)

Between, within (preposition: in the time separating two events)

• O museu está aberto entre as 9h e as 17h. (The museum is open between 9 AM and 5 PM.)

About, around, approximately (preposition: used to indicate an estimated range)

• O almoço custa entre 10 e 15 euros. (Lunch costs between 10 and 15 euros.)

Between, among (preposition: indicating a reciprocal relationship or comparison)

• O segredo fica entre nós. (The secret stays between us.)

dia [ˈdiɐ]

Day, daytime (noun [m]: the time between sunrise and sunset)

• Ele prefere estudar durante o dia. (He prefers to study during the day.)

Daylight, light (noun [m]: the natural light from the sun)

• Aproveite o dia para passear. (Take advantage of the daylight to go for a walk.)

Day (noun [m]: a 24-hour period)

• Um dia tem 24 horas. (A day has 24 hours.)

Time, occasion, moment (noun [m]: a favorable opportunity)

• Chegará o dia em que serás recompensado. (The time will come when you will be rewarded.)

Weather, day (noun [m]: atmospheric conditions)

• Hoje é um dia chuvoso. (Today is a rainy day.)

Day, working day, day of work (noun [m]: daily work hours)

• Ele trabalha oito horas por dia. (He works eight hours per day.)

Day, today, these days (noun [m], adverb: the current time or era)

• Nos dias de hoje, a tecnologia domina. (These days, technology dominates.)

só [ˈsɔ]

Alone, solitary, lonely (adjective: unaccompanied, without others)

• Ela vive só num apartamento pequeno. (She lives alone in a small apartment.)

Sole, unique (adjective: being the only one, singular)

• O meu só desejo é que sejas feliz. (My sole wish is for you to be happy.)

Only, solely, just (adverb: no more than, merely)

• Ele só bebe água. (He only drinks water.)

aquele [ɐˈkelɨ]

That, that one (pronoun: referring to a distant thing)

• Quero aquele bolo. (I want that cake.)

That, that one (pronoun: referring to something distant or forgotten)

• Lembras-te daquele verão? (Do you remember that summer?)

sobre [ˈsobɾɨ]

On, upon, on top of, above, over (preposition: positioned directly upward from)

• O livro está sobre a mesa. (The book is on the table.)

On, along (preposition: positioned on the surface of)

• Eles caminharam sobre a areia. (They walked on the sand.)

About (preposition: concerning, regarding)

• O livro é sobre história. (The book is about history.)

About, because of, due to (preposition: for the reason of)

• Eles discutiram sobre dinheiro. (They argued about money.)

About, based on (preposition: according to)

• O filme é sobre uma história real. (The movie is based on a true story.)

Before, above (prefix: indicating superiority or precedence)

• Ele é sobredotado. (He is gifted.)

primeiro [pɾiˈmejɾu]

First (ordinal number: occupying the first position)

• Ela chegou em primeiro lugar na corrida. (She came in first place in the race.)

First, primary, foremost (adjective: being the most important or prominent)

• A segurança é a nossa primeira preocupação. (Safety is our first concern.)

ficar [fiˈkaɾ]

To stay, to remain (intransitive verb: to continue to be in a place)

• Vou ficar em casa hoje. (I’m going to stay at home today.)

To stay, to spend the night, to sleep (intransitive verb: to lodge or sleep somewhere)

• Eles ficaram num hotel. (They stayed in a hotel.)

To cost, to total, to come to (transitive verb: to have a price of)

• Quanto fica este casaco? (How much does this jacket cost?)

To be postponed, to be delayed, to be put back (intransitive verb: to be rescheduled for a later time)

• A reunião ficou para amanhã. (The meeting was postponed until tomorrow.)

To remain, to be left over (intransitive verb: to be the unused part)

• Ficaram algumas fatias de bolo. (Some slices of cake were left over.)

To be the responsibility of (transitive verb: to be under someone’s accountability)

• A limpeza fica a cargo da equipa. (The cleaning is the team’s responsibility.)

To be, to feel, to seem (predicative verb: to be in a particular state of mind)

• Ela ficou feliz com a notícia. (She was happy with the news.)

To continue, to remain (intransitive verb: to persist in a state or condition)

• O museu fica aberto até às 18h. (The museum remains open until 6 PM.)

dever [dɨˈveɾ]

To owe (transitive verb: to be in debt)

• Eu devo dinheiro ao banco. (I owe money to the bank.)

Must, to have to (auxiliary verb: to be obligated to)

• Devemos respeitar as leis. (We must respect the laws.)

To owe (transitive verb: to have something thanks to)

• Devo a minha vida aos médicos. (I owe my life to the doctors.)

To have to, must, should, ought to (auxiliary verb: to be necessary)

• Devo estudar mais para o exame. (I should study more for the exam.)

Should, ought to, must (auxiliary verb: to be probable)

• Ele deve chegar em breve. (He should arrive soon.)

Obligation, duty, task (noun [m]: a legal or moral requirement)

• É nosso dever cuidar do meio ambiente. (It’s our duty to take care of the environment.)

Homework, exercise (noun [m]: a school assignment)

• Fiz todos os deveres de matemática. (I did all the math homework.)

passar [pɐˈsaɾ]

To cross, to pass (transitive verb: to go across)

• Ela passou a rua sem olhar. (She crossed the street without looking.)

To pass, to change (transitive verb: to transition from one condition to another)

• A água passou do estado líquido para o gasoso. (The water changed from liquid to gas.)

To exceed, to outdo, to go beyond, to surpass (transitive verb: to be greater than)

• O número de participantes passou as expectativas. (The number of participants exceeded expectations.)

To pass, to transmit, to spread (transitive verb: to transfer from one to another)

• Ela passou o recado para todos. (She passed the message to everyone.)

To introduce, to put in, to pass through (transitive verb: to insert)

• Ele passou a mão pelo cabelo. (He passed his hand through his hair.)

To endure, to suffer, to live, to experience (transitive verb: to go through a difficult situation)

• Eles passaram momentos difíceis. (They lived through difficult times.)

To go on, to proceed (intransitive verb: to continue)

• O espetáculo passou sem problemas. (The show went on without issues.)

To pass (intransitive verb: for time to elapse)

• O tempo passou rapidamente. (Time passed quickly.)

To move (transitive verb: to change the position of)

• Ela passou a bolsa para o outro ombro. (She moved the bag to the other shoulder.)

To pass by (intransitive verb: to go past)

• O trem passa a cada hora. (The train passes by every hour.)

saber [sɐˈbeɾ]

To know, to know about (transitive verb: to have knowledge of)

• Eu sei a resposta. (I know the answer.)

To know, to understand, to be able to (transitive verb: to have technical knowledge)

• Ela sabe falar três idiomas. (She knows how to speak three languages.)

To know, to believe, to be sure, to be convinced (transitive verb: to be certain)

• Eu sei que ele está dizendo a verdade. (I know he’s telling the truth.)

To know, to know by heart, to know off by heart (transitive verb: to memorize)

• Ela sabe a música de cor. (She knows the song by heart.)

To know, to be aware (intransitive verb: to have knowledge)

• Nem todos sabem sobre a situação. (Not everyone knows about the situation.)

To taste (intransitive verb: to have a flavor, used for food or drink)

• O bolo sabe a laranja. (The cake tastes like orange.)

assim [ɐˈsĩ]

This way, that way, like this, like that (adverb: in this or that manner)

• Faça assim, é mais fácil. (Do it this way, it’s easier.)

So (adverb: very, extremely; used informally in Brazil)

• Estou assim feliz hoje! (I’m so happy today!)

So (conjunction: therefore, consequently)

• Estava chovendo, assim ficamos em casa. (It was raining, so we stayed home.)

querer [kɨˈɾeɾ]

To want (transitive verb: to desire, to wish for)

• Eu quero uma xícara de café. (I want a cup of coffee.)

To want, to wish, to demand (transitive verb: to order, to require)

• O chefe quer o relatório amanhã. (The boss wants the report tomorrow.)

To allow, to permit, to accept (transitive verb: to consent)

• Meus pais não querem que eu saia hoje. (My parents won’t allow me to go out today.)

To want, to wish, to have the ambition (transitive verb: to aspire to)

• Ela quer ser médica no futuro. (She wants to be a doctor in the future.)

To want, to wish, to request (transitive verb: to ask for)

• Eles querem a sua ajuda. (They request your help.)

To be about to (transitive verb: to be on the verge of, used with “rain”)

• O céu escureceu, quer chover. (The sky darkened, it’s about to rain.)

To be strong-willed, to insist (intransitive verb: to have a strong desire)

• Ela quer muito vencer a competição. (She really wants to win the competition.)

Will, desire, longing (noun [m]: the act of wanting)

• O seu querer é um comando para mim. (Your wish is my command.)

To want to be (reflexive verb: to have the desire to be)

• Ela quer-se livre de preocupações. (She wants to be free from worries.)

To love one another, to love each other (reciprocal verb: to love mutually)

• Eles querem-se muito. (They love each other very much.)

onde [ˈõdɨ]

Where (adverb: indicating a place)

• Onde está o meu livro? (Where is my book?)

Where, in which (pronoun: relative pronoun introducing a relative clause)

• A cidade onde nasci é linda. (The city where I was born is beautiful.)

Where (pronoun: interrogative pronoun asking about a place)

• Onde você mora? (Where do you live?)

novo [ˈnovu]

New (adjective: not old, recently made or acquired)

• Comprei um carro novo. (I bought a new car.)

Young (adjective: of a young age)

• Ela é uma professora nova. (She is a young teacher.)

New, inexperienced (adjective: lacking experience)

• Ele é novo neste trabalho. (He is new to this job.)

New (adjective: beginning of a cycle)

• Feliz Ano Novo! (Happy New Year!)

New (adjective: replacing something)

• Precisamos de um novo plano. (We need a new plan.)

New (adjective: previously unknown)

• Eles descobriram uma nova espécie. (They discovered a new species.)

New, modern, recent (adjective: of recent origin)

• Esta é uma tecnologia nova. (This is a new technology.)

sem [sẽj]

Without (preposition: indicating absence or lack of)

• Ela saiu sem casaco. (She left without a coat.)

Except, except for, apart from (preposition: indicating exclusion)

• Todos foram convidados sem ele. (Everyone was invited except him.)

vir [viɾ]

To come (intransitive verb: to move from one place to another)

• Ela vem de autocarro. (She comes by bus.)

To bring back, to return (transitive verb: to come back)

• Ele veio o livro que emprestou. (He returned the book he borrowed.)

To come from (transitive verb: to originate from)

• O vinho vem de Portugal. (The wine comes from Portugal.)

To appear, to come (intransitive verb: to be present)

• Ele não veio à reunião. (He didn’t come to the meeting.)

To gather, to converge, to come together (intransitive verb: to assemble)

• As pessoas vieram para a celebração. (People gathered for the celebration.)

To come, to be about to happen (transitive verb: to occur, to arrive)

• O aniversário dela vem aí. (Her birthday is coming up.)

To come, to arrive (intransitive verb: to be brought or transported)

• A encomenda veio hoje. (The package arrived today.)

To come, to arrive, to approach, to near (intransitive verb: to reach a destination)

• O trem vem atrasado. (The train is coming late.)

tempo [ˈtẽpu]

Time (noun [m]: the concept of past and present)

• O tempo passa rápido. (Time goes by quickly.)

Time, era, epoch, period (noun [m]: a specific period in history)

• Vivemos em um tempo de grandes mudanças. (We live in a time of great changes.)

Period, time, while (noun [m]: a duration of time)

• Ficamos na praia por um bom tempo. (We stayed at the beach for a good while.)

Weather (noun [m]: meteorological conditions)

• O tempo está chuvoso hoje. (The weather is rainy today.)

Time of the year, season (noun [m]: a seasonal period)

• A primavera é o meu tempo favorito do ano. (Spring is my favorite time of the year.)

Period, half, quarter (noun [m]: a division of a sports game)

• O jogo está no segundo tempo. (The game is in the second half.)

Tense (noun [m]: a grammatical category of verbs)

• O verbo está no tempo presente. (The verb is in the present tense.)

bem [bẽj]

Well, nicely (adverb: in a pleasant manner)

• Ela canta bem. (She sings well.)

Very, much, well (adverb: to a great extent)

• Gosto bem de chocolate. (I like chocolate very much.)

Exactly, precisely, well, right (adverb: accurately)

• Ele acertou bem no alvo. (He hit the target precisely.)

Good, right (noun [m]: what is morally good or correct)

• Devemos sempre fazer o bem. (We should always do what is right.)

Goods, property (noun [m]: products or commodities)

• A loja vende bens de consumo. (The store sells consumer goods.)

porque [poɾˈke]

Because, as, since (conjunction: introducing a reason or cause)

• Ela ficou em casa porque estava chovendo. (She stayed home because it was raining.)

For, in order to, so as to (conjunction: introducing a purpose or goal)

• Estudamos porque queremos aprender. (We study in order to learn.)

meu [mew]

My, mine (pronoun: belonging to the speaker)

• Este é o meu livro. (This is my book.)

My, mine (pronoun: suitable for the speaker)

• Este é o meu estilo de música. (This is my style of music.)

pessoa [pɨˈsoɐ]

Person, being (noun [f]: a human being)

• Havia muitas pessoas no parque. (There were many people in the park.)

Person (noun [f]: a grammatical category)

• O verbo concorda com a pessoa do sujeito. (The verb agrees with the person of the subject.)

Person, figure, personality (noun [f]: a notable individual)

• Ele é uma pessoa importante no mundo dos negócios. (He is an important person in the business world.)

Person, self (noun [f]: one’s individuality)

• Ela precisa de tempo para cuidar da sua pessoa. (She needs time to take care of herself.)

Person (noun [f]: a divine being in religion)

• Na Trindade, há três pessoas divinas. (In the Trinity, there are three divine persons.)

coisa [ˈkojzɐ]

Thing, object, item (noun [f]: anything that can exist)

• Há muitas coisas espalhadas pelo chão. (There are many things scattered on the floor.)

Thing, event, occurrence, happening (noun [f]: something that happens)

• A festa foi a melhor coisa que aconteceu hoje. (The party was the best thing that happened today.)

Thing, material object, reality (noun [f]: the real as opposed to the abstract)

• Prefiro coisas concretas a ideias abstratas. (I prefer concrete things to abstract ideas.)

Stuff, things (noun [f]: what can be appropriated)

• Precisamos arrumar as nossas coisas antes de viajar. (We need to pack our stuff before traveling.)

Whatsit, whatsitsname, thing, thingy, thingummybob (noun [f]: used informally to refer to something whose name is unknown or forgotten)

• Passe-me aquela coisa ali, por favor. (Pass me that thingy over there, please.)

Thing (noun [f]: what characterizes a fact)

• A honestidade é a coisa mais importante em um relacionamento. (Honesty is the most important thing in a relationship.)

Thing, question, matter, issue (noun [f]: the subject in question)

• Precisamos discutir algumas coisas na reunião. (We need to discuss some things at the meeting.)

Bout, attack, spell (noun [f]: figuratively, a feeling of unease)

• Ela teve uma coisa de ansiedade antes da apresentação. (She had a bout of anxiety before the presentation.)

Thing, situation, business, affair, matter (noun [f]: a state of affairs)

• Como estão as coisas no trabalho? (How are things at work?)

então [ẽˈtɐ̃w]

Then, in that case, therefore, so (adverb: consequently)

• Se você não pode ir, então eu vou sozinho. (If you can’t go, then I’ll go alone.)

Then, at that time, at that point, at that moment (adverb: referring to a past moment)

• Eu morava em Londres então. (I lived in London then.)

Then, after, after that (adverb: referring to a future moment)

• Vamos jantar e então ver um filme. (Let’s have dinner and then watch a movie.)

What?, so (interjection: expressing surprise or admiration)

• Então, você ganhou o prêmio? (So, you won the prize?)

Exactly! (interjection: expressing excitement)

• Então, vamos lá! (Exactly, let’s go!)

quem [kẽj]

Who, whom (pronoun: interrogative, asking about a person)

• Quem é aquela pessoa? (Who is that person?)

Anyone, anybody, whoever (pronoun: indefinite, referring to any person)

• Quem quiser pode se juntar a nós. (Anyone who wants can join us.)

Whoever (pronoun: relative, referring to a person)

• Quem trabalha duro merece uma recompensa. (Whoever works hard deserves a reward.)

sempre [ˈsẽpɾɨ]

Always (adverb: at all times)

• Eu sempre acordo cedo. (I always wake up early.)

Always, constantly, continuously (adverb: without interruption)

• Ela sempre está a falar ao telefone. (She is always talking on the phone.)

Always, often, usually, generally (adverb: habitually)

• Nós sempre almoçamos juntos. (We usually have lunch together.)

Always, in any case (adverb: regardless of the situation)

• Sempre pode contar comigo. (You can always count on me.)

qual [ˈkwaɫ]

Which, which one (pronoun: interrogative, asking about a thing)

• Qual é a sua cor favorita? (Which is your favorite color?)

Which, what (pronoun: interrogative, asking about a type or kind)

• Qual é o seu tipo de música preferido? (What is your preferred type of music?)

Which, who, whom, that (pronoun: relative, referring to a person or thing)

• O livro, o qual está na mesa, é meu. (The book, which is on the table, is mine.)

As, like, just as (conjunction: indicating similarity)

• Ela é alta qual uma girafa. (She is tall like a giraffe.)

As, like (conjunction: indicating manner or way)

• Faça qual eu digo. (Do as I say.)

chegar [ʃɨˈɡaɾ]

To arrive, to come (intransitive verb: to reach a final destination)

• O trem chegou à estação. (The train arrived at the station.)

To be enough, to suffice (intransitive verb: to be sufficient)

• Este dinheiro chega para comprar o livro. (This money is enough to buy the book.)

To near, to reach, to approach (transitive verb: to get close to)

• O navio chegou a costa. (The ship reached the coast.)

To fight, to come to blows (transitive verb, figurative: to hit, to strike)

• Ele chegou no ladrão com um pau. (He fought the thief with a stick.)

vida [ˈvidɐ]

Life, existence (noun [f]: the state of being alive)

• A vida é preciosa. (Life is precious.)

Life (noun [f]: the state of being alive)

• Há vida em outros planetas? (Is there life on other planets?)

Life, experience, life experience (noun [f], figurative: the events and activities of life)

• Ela teve uma vida difícil. (She had a difficult life.)

Life, drive (noun [f], figurative: energy, enthusiasm)

• Ele é cheio de vida. (He is full of life.)

Living, livelihood (noun [f]: means of subsistence)

• Ela ganha a vida como professora. (She earns her living as a teacher.)

Life (noun [f], figurative: activity or practice, such as artistic life)

• A vida artística da cidade é vibrante. (The artistic life of the city is vibrant.)

Life (noun [f], figurative: something fundamental, e.g., water is life)

• Água é vida. (Water is life.)

Life, lifestyle, way of life (noun [f]: manner of living)

• Eles levam uma vida saudável. (They lead a healthy life.)

pouco [ˈpoku]

Little (adverb: in a small quantity)

• Ele come pouco. (He eats little.)

Little, few, not much, not many (adverb: not a lot)

• Pouco se sabe sobre o assunto. (Little is known about the subject.)

Trifle, triviality, bagatelle (noun [m]: something unimportant)

• Não se preocupe, é um pouco. (Don’t worry, it’s a trifle.)

Little, few (adjective: small in quantity; used with uncountable and countable nouns, respectively)

• Temos pouco tempo. (We have little time.)
• Poucos alunos vieram à aula. (Few students came to class.)

homem [ˈomẽj]

Man (noun [m]: an adult male human)

• Aquele homem está esperando o ônibus. (That man is waiting for the bus.)

Man, person, human, human being (noun [m]: a human being)

• O homem é um ser racional. (Man is a rational being.)

Man (noun [m], figurative: a man of courage and strength)

• Ele é um verdadeiro homem, sempre pronto para ajudar. (He is a real man, always ready to help.)

Man, soldier (noun [m]: an individual in the armed forces)

• O exército precisa de mais homens. (The army needs more men.)

Man, husband, lover, partner (noun [m]: a woman’s male partner in a relationship)

• Ela é uma mulher casada, mas não ama o seu homem. (She is a married woman, but she doesn’t love her man.)

parte [ˈpaɾtɨ]

Part (noun [f]: a portion of a whole)

• Uma parte do bolo está faltando. (A part of the cake is missing.)

Place, somewhere, someplace (noun [f]: an undetermined location)

• Vamos a alguma parte hoje à noite? (Are we going somewhere tonight?)

Place, area, side (noun [f]: a specific location)

• Ela sentiu dor na parte inferior das costas. (She felt pain in the lower part of her back.)

Part, responsibility, job (noun [f]: a duty or role)

• Fazer o jantar é parte das minhas tarefas. (Making dinner is part of my responsibilities.)

Party (noun [f]: a side in an agreement or legal dispute)

• O contrato beneficia ambas as partes. (The contract benefits both parties.)

Report (noun [f]: a formal complaint)

• Ela apresentou uma parte contra o vizinho barulhento. (She filed a report against the noisy neighbor.)

Share, part (noun [f]: a portion allocated to someone)

• Cada irmão recebeu sua parte da herança. (Each brother received his share of the inheritance.)

tudo [ˈtudu]

Everyone, everybody, everything, anything, all (pronoun: all beings and things)

• Tudo está bem quando acaba bem. (All’s well that ends well.)

Everything, all (pronoun: the totality of things)

• Ela perdeu tudo no incêndio. (She lost everything in the fire.)

Everything, all (pronoun: all things referred to)

• Tudo o que ela disse era verdade. (Everything she said was true.)

Everything, all (pronoun: all qualities)

• Ela é tudo o que eu sempre quis. (She is everything I’ve always wanted.)

Everybody, everyone, all (pronoun: all people)

• Tudo ficou surpreso com a notícia. (Everybody was surprised by the news.)

Everything, all (pronoun: that which is essential)

• Saúde é tudo na vida. (Health is everything in life.)

casa [ˈkazɐ]

House, home (noun [f]: a building for human habitation)

• Eles compraram uma casa nova. (They bought a new house.)

Home, house (noun [f]: the place where one lives)

• Sinto-me bem em casa. (I feel good at home.)

Firm, establishment, business (noun [f]: a commercial enterprise)

• Eles abriram uma casa de chá. (They opened a tea house.)

Hall, public hall, house, meeting house (noun [f]: a place for public meetings)

• O evento será realizado na casa de espetáculos. (The event will be held at the concert hall.)

agora [aˈɡɔɾɐ]

Now (adverb: at the present time)

• Agora é a hora de agir. (Now is the time to act.)

Now, nowadays (adverb: in the present day)

• Agora as coisas são diferentes. (Things are different now.)

pois [pɔjʃ]

Because, since (conjunction: introducing a reason)

• Não saí, pois estava chovendo. (I didn’t go out because it was raining.)

So, therefore (conjunction: expressing a consequence)

• Ela estudou muito, pois passou no exame. (She studied hard, so she passed the exam.)

But, however (conjunction: introducing a contrast)

• Gosto de chocolate, pois não como muito. (I like chocolate, but I don’t eat it often.)

Indeed (adverb: emphasizing a statement)

• Pois, você tem razão. (Indeed, you are right.)

deixar [dejˈʃaɾ]

To leave (transitive verb: to depart from a place)

• Ela deixou a sala sem dizer nada. (She left the room without saying anything.)

To leave, to abandon (transitive verb: to go away from one’s partner, home, country, or dependents)

• Ele deixou a família e foi embora. (He abandoned his family and left.)

To leave, to quit, to give up (transitive verb: to stop doing something)

• Decidi deixar o emprego. (I decided to quit the job.)

To let, to allow, to permit (transitive verb: to give permission)

• Meus pais não me deixam sair à noite. (My parents don’t let me go out at night.)

To leave, to postpone, to set aside (transitive verb: to delay or defer)

• Vamos deixar essa discussão para depois. (Let’s leave this discussion for later.)

To leave, to leave behind (transitive verb: to not take something with you)

• Deixei minhas chaves em casa. (I left my keys at home.)

To leave (transitive verb: to produce or cause memories or longing)

• Esta música deixa saudades. (This song leaves a feeling of longing.)

To leave, to will (transitive verb: to bequeath)

• Meu avô deixou uma herança para mim. (My grandfather left me an inheritance.)

bom [bõ]

Good, kind (adjective: having positive qualities)

• Ele é um homem bom. (He is a good man.)

Good, right (adjective: morally correct or justifiable)

• Fizemos a coisa boa. (We did the right thing.)

Good, effective (adjective: performing well)

• Este é um bom método de estudo. (This is a good study method.)

Good, valid, authentic (adjective: legally or officially acceptable)

• O contrato é bom. (The contract is valid.)

Well, healed, cured (adjective: in good health)

• Já estou bom da gripe. (I’m already cured of the flu.)

Good, able, competent, skillful (adjective: having the necessary ability or skills)

• Ela é uma boa médica. (She is a good doctor.)

Good, sound (adjective: functioning properly)

• O carro está em bom estado. (The car is in good condition.)

Good, good for you, tasty, delicious (adjective: having a pleasant taste)

• Esta sopa está boa. (This soup is delicious.)

Good, nice, pleasant (adjective: agreeable, especially of weather)

• Hoje está um dia bom para ir à praia. (Today is a nice day to go to the beach.)

começar [kumeˈsaɾ]

To begin, to start, to initiate (transitive verb: to engage in an action or activity)

• Vamos começar o trabalho agora. (Let’s begin the work now.)

To begin, to start (intransitive verb: to come into being)

• A reunião começou às 9h. (The meeting began at 9 AM.)

próprio [ˈpɾɔpɾju]

Own (adjective: belonging to oneself or itself)

• Ele usa seu próprio carro para ir ao trabalho. (He uses his own car to go to work.)

Characteristic, natural, particular (adjective: inherent to someone or something)

• Ela tem um estilo próprio de se vestir. (She has her own particular style of dressing.)

Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves, own, particular (adjective: intensifier of subject or object)

• Eu próprio fiz o bolo. (I made the cake myself.)

Proper, right, appropriate (adjective: suitable for a specific purpose)

• Ela usou as ferramentas próprias para o trabalho. (She used the proper tools for the job.)

True, real (adjective: genuine, not false)

• Estas são as próprias palavras dele. (These are his true words.)

Exact, proper, true (adjective: precise sense of a term)

• Usou a palavra no seu sentido próprio. (He used the word in its exact sense.)

Messenger, courier, delivery person (noun [m]: a person who carries messages)

• O próprio entregou a encomenda. (The courier delivered the package.)

maior [maˈjɔɾ]

Bigger, biggest, greater, greatest (adjective: comparative and superlative forms)

• Ele tem a maior coleção de selos do país. (He has the biggest stamp collection in the country.)

Greatest, utmost (adjective: of the highest degree or quantity)

• Ela tem o maior respeito por ele. (She has the utmost respect for him.)

Major (adjective: describing a musical interval)

• A canção está em uma tonalidade maior. (The song is in a major key.)

Major (adjective: describing a musical scale)

• Ela está aprendendo escalas maiores no piano. (She is learning major scales on the piano.)

Adult, grown-up, grownup (noun [m/f]: a person who has reached the age of majority)

• O evento é apenas para os maiores de 18 anos. (The event is only for adults over 18.)

caso [ˈkazu]

Case, instance, event, happening, occurrence (noun [m]: something that happens)

• Este é um caso raro de doença. (This is a rare instance of the disease.)

Case, situation, eventuality, occurrence, state of affairs, fact (noun [m]: a set of circumstances)

• Precisamos discutir o caso com calma. (We need to discuss the situation calmly.)

Affair, love affair, adventure, liaison (noun [m], informal: a romantic or sexual relationship)

• Eles tiveram um caso no passado. (They had an affair in the past.)

Lover, mistress (noun [m], informal: a person in a romantic or sexual relationship)

• Ela era o caso dele há alguns anos. (She was his mistress a few years ago.)

Story, tale (noun [m]: a narrative account)

• Ele nos contou um caso engraçado. (He told us a funny story.)

In case, in the event (conjunction: introducing a possible situation)

• Leve um guarda-chuva, caso chova. (Take an umbrella, in case it rains.)

falar [faˈlaɾ]

To speak, to talk (intransitive verb: to express oneself with words)

• Ele fala muito rápido. (He speaks very fast.)

To speak, to discourse, to give a speech, to make a speech (intransitive verb: to deliver a formal address)

• O presidente falou para uma grande plateia. (The president spoke to a large audience.)

To tell, to speak (transitive verb: to communicate information)

• Ela falou a verdade. (She told the truth.)

To speak about, to talk about, to discuss (transitive verb: to talk about a subject)

• Eles falaram sobre política. (They talked about politics.)

To speak (transitive verb: to express oneself in a language)

• Você fala inglês? (Do you speak English?)

To declare, to deliver, to state (transitive verb: to say something formally)

• O juiz falou a sentença. (The judge declared the sentence.)

To talk, to discuss, to talk over (reflexive verb: to have a conversation)

• Precisamos nos falar sobre este assunto. (We need to talk about this subject.)

To talk, to speak, to talk with each other, to talk to each other, to speak with each other, to speak to each other (reflexive verb: to be on good terms with someone)

• Eles não se falam há anos. (They haven’t spoken to each other for years.)

país [paˈiʃ]

Country, nation (noun [m]: a sovereign state)

• Portugal é um país europeu. (Portugal is a European country.)

forma [ˈfɔɾmɐ]

Shape, form (noun [f]: the external appearance of something)

• A forma da nuvem parece um coelho. (The shape of the cloud looks like a rabbit.)

Way, manner, mode (noun [f]: a method or style of doing something)

• Ela resolveu o problema de uma forma criativa. (She solved the problem in a creative way.)

Form, system (noun [f]: a type or variety of something)

• O soneto é uma forma de poesia. (The sonnet is a form of poetry.)

cada [ˈkadɐ]

Each, every (pronoun: used to refer to all the individual members of a group)

• Cada aluno recebeu um livro. (Each student received a book.)

hoje [ˈoʒɨ]

Today (adverb: on or during the current day)

• Hoje está um dia lindo. (Today is a beautiful day.)

Today, at present (adverb: in the current time or age)

• Hoje, a tecnologia faz parte das nossas vidas. (Today, technology is part of our lives.)

The present day, the present, today (noun [m]: the current period of time)

• O hoje é resultado das escolhas do passado. (The present is a result of past choices.)

nem [nẽj]

Neither, nor, or (conjunction: used in negative phrases to introduce alternatives)

• Ela não gosta de maçã nem de banana. (She likes neither apples nor bananas.)

Not (adverb: used to negate a statement)

• Ele nem chegou a ver o filme. (He did not even get to see the movie.)

Not even (conjunction: used to emphasize a negative statement)

• Nem com todo o dinheiro do mundo ele conseguiria. (Not even with all the money in the world could he do it.)

No, none (adverb: not any)

• Não sobrou nem um pedaço de bolo. (There was no piece of cake left.)

três [tɾeʃ]

Three (numeral: the cardinal number 3)

• Eu tenho três irmãos. (I have three siblings.)

se [sɨ]

If (conjunction: introducing a condition)

• Se chover, ficaremos em casa. (If it rains, we will stay home.)

If, whether (conjunction: introducing a possibility)

• Não sei se ele virá à festa. (I don’t know if he will come to the party.)

Himself, herself, itself, oneself, themselves, yourself, yourselves (reflexive pronoun: as a direct object)

• Ela se machucou. (She hurt herself.)

Himself, herself, itself, oneself, themselves, yourself, yourselves (pronoun: in passive constructions)

• Vendem-se casas. (Houses are sold.)

Himself, herself, itself, oneself, themselves, yourself, yourselves (pronoun: indicating an undefined subject)

• Aqui se vive bem. (One lives well here.)

Himself, herself, itself, oneself, themselves, yourself, yourselves (reflexive pronoun: with pronominal verbs)

• Eles se apaixonaram. (They fell in love with each other.)

encontrar [ẽkõˈtɾaɾ]

To find (transitive verb: to locate something that was lost or hidden)

• Encontrei minhas chaves. (I found my keys.)

To find, to discover (transitive verb: to come upon or identify something previously unknown)

• Os cientistas encontraram uma nova espécie. (The scientists discovered a new species.)

To find, to discover, to happen upon, to come upon (transitive verb: to encounter unexpectedly)

• Encontramos um tesouro no sótão. (We found a treasure in the attic.)

To be in, to be at, to be on, to be situated, to be located (reflexive verb: to be in a particular place)

• A chave se encontra sobre a mesa. (The key is located on the table.)

To meet, to meet with, to rendezvous with (reflexive verb: to come together with someone)

• Vamos nos encontrar no parque. (Let’s meet in the park.)

meio [ˈmejw]

Halfway (adjective: at a middle point)

• Estamos a meio caminho de nosso destino. (We are halfway to our destination.)

Weak, faint, half (adjective: lacking strength or intensity)

• Ouvi um grito meio abafado. (I heard a faint scream.)

Half (adjective: fifty percent of a quantity)

• Bebi meio litro de água. (I drank half a liter of water.)

Middle, centre (noun [m]: the central part or point)

• Ele estava no meio da multidão. (He was in the middle of the crowd.)

Habitat, environment, area (noun [m]: the natural surroundings)

• Os ursos vivem em um meio selvagem. (Bears live in a wild environment.)

Circle, scene, sphere (noun [m], figurative: a social setting)

• Eles pertencem a diferentes meios sociais. (They belong to different social circles.)

Means (noun [m]: a method or resource to achieve an end)

• Dinheiro é um meio para alcançar seus objetivos. (Money is a means to achieve your goals.)

Means, form (noun [m]: a way or manner)

• Ela expressou-se por meio de um poema. (She expressed herself by means of a poem.)

Half, semi- (adverb: partially or incompletely)

• Ele estava meio adormecido. (He was half asleep.)

aqui [ɐˈki]

Here (adverb: in, at, or to this place)

• Ela mora aqui. (She lives here.)

mundo [ˈmũdu]

Universe, creation, world (noun [m]: all celestial bodies and the space between them)

• O mundo é vasto e misterioso. (The universe is vast and mysterious.)

World, Earth, the planet Earth (noun [m]: the planet on which we live)

• Ela viajou pelo mundo inteiro. (She traveled around the entire World.)

The world, humanity, humankind, mankind (noun [m]: all human beings collectively)

• O mundo está enfrentando uma crise. (The world is facing a crisis.)

World, class, milieu (noun [m], figurative: a particular social environment)

• Ele vive no mundo acadêmico. (He lives in the academic world.)

apenas [ɐˈpenɐʃ]

Only, just, merely (adverb: no more than)

• Ele tinha apenas dez anos. (He was only ten years old.)

As soon as, no sooner (adverb: immediately after)

• Apenas cheguei, o telefone tocou. (As soon as I arrived, the phone rang.)

estado [ɨʃˈtadu]

State (noun [m]: an independent political entity)

• Portugal é um estado soberano. (Portugal is a sovereign state.)

State (noun [m]: a territorial division within a country)

• São Paulo é o estado mais populoso do Brasil. (São Paulo is the most populous state in Brazil.)

State (noun [m]: a particular condition or situation)

• Ele está em um estado de choque. (He is in a state of shock.)

segundo [sɨˈɡũdu]

Second (adjective: occupying the position after the first)

• Este é o segundo livro da série. (This is the second book in the series.)

Second, secondary (adjective: coming after or following the first)

• Ela tem um segundo emprego. (She has a second job.)

Second class, secondary, lesser, inferior (adjective: of lower rank or importance)

• Eles viajaram em uma cabine de segunda classe. (They traveled in a second-class cabin.)

Second (noun [m]: a unit of time equal to 1/60 of a minute)

• O recorde mundial foi quebrado por dois segundos. (The world record was broken by two seconds.)

Second, instant, moment (noun [m]: a very brief period of time)

• Espere um segundo, já volto. (Wait a second, I’ll be right back.)

qualquer [kwaɫˈkɛɾ]

Anything, any (pronoun: referring to something unspecified or unknown)

• Pode ser qualquer coisa. (It can be anything.)

Anything, any (pronoun: referring to some or any thing)

• Qualquer livro serve. (Any book will do.)

Anyone, anybody (pronoun: referring to any person)

• Qualquer pode participar do concurso. (Anyone can participate in the contest.)

cidade [siˈðaðɨ]

City, town (noun [f]: a densely populated urban area)

• Lisboa é a maior cidade de Portugal. (Lisbon is the largest city in Portugal.)

City, citizens, denizens, inhabitants, residents (noun [f]: the people living in a city collectively)

• A cidade saiu às ruas para protestar. (The city took to the streets to protest.)

City, city life, urban life, town life (noun [f]: the urban environment and lifestyle)

• Ela prefere a tranquilidade do campo à agitação da cidade. (She prefers the tranquility of the countryside to the bustle of the city.)

menos [ˈmẽnuʃ]

Less (adverb: to a smaller extent or degree)

• Ela estuda menos do que deveria. (She studies less than she should.)

Less, fewer (adverb: comparative degree)

• Ele tem menos dinheiro do que o irmão. (He has less money than his brother.)
• Havia menos pessoas na festa este ano. (There were fewer people at the party this year.)

Least, fewest (adverb: superlative degree)

• Este é o caminho menos perigoso. (This is the least dangerous path.)
• Ela teve o menor número de votos. (She had the fewest votes.)

Less than, fewer than (adverb: indicating an amount or number below a certain level)

• O livro tem menos de 200 páginas. (The book has less than 200 pages.)
• Havia menos de 50 convidados. (There were fewer than 50 guests.)

Less, fewer (pronoun: a smaller amount or number)

• Ela comeu menos do que eu. (She ate less than I did.)
• Trouxe menos do que pediram. (I brought fewer than they asked for.)

The least (noun [m]: the smallest amount possible)

• Fizemos o menos que pudemos. (We did the least we could.)

Minus, less than zero, below zero (noun [m]: the negative sign in mathematics)

• A temperatura está abaixo de menos dez graus. (The temperature is below minus ten degrees.)

Except, apart from, but (preposition: excluding)

• Todos foram à festa, menos ele. (Everyone went to the party, except him.)

Minus, less (preposition: indicating subtraction)

• Dez menos quatro é igual a seis. (Ten minus four equals six.)

governo [ɡuˈvɛɾnu]

Government, administration (noun [m]: the authorities that administer a country or state)

• O governo anunciou novas medidas econômicas. (The government announced new economic measures.)

Government, administration (noun [m]: the act or process of governing)

• O governo do país está em crise. (The country’s government is in crisis.)

Government (noun [m]: the system by which a country or state is governed)

• Este país tem um governo democrático. (This country has a democratic government.)

partir [pɐɾˈtiɾ]

To divide, to divide up, to split (transitive verb: to separate into parts)

• Ele partiu a herança em partes iguais. (He divided the inheritance into equal parts.)

To break (transitive verb: to cause to separate into pieces)

• Ela partiu o vaso sem querer. (She broke the vase by accident.)

To share, to divide, to split, to share out (transitive verb: to distribute among people)

• Vamos partir o bolo para que todos possam provar. (Let’s share the cake so everyone can taste it.)

To separate, to split, to divide (transitive verb: to cause to be in different places or groups)

• O rio parte a cidade ao meio. (The river splits the city in half.)

To come from, to originate in (transitive verb: to have a starting point)

• Todas as grandes ideias partem de um sonho. (All great ideas originate from a dream.)

To leave (intransitive verb: to go away)

• Ele partiu sem se despedir. (He left without saying goodbye.)

To leave, to depart, to head off (intransitive verb: to begin a journey)

• O trem parte às oito da manhã. (The train leaves at eight in the morning.)

To break, to split (intransitive verb: to become separated into pieces)

• O copo partiu quando caiu no chão. (The glass broke when it fell on the floor.)

To attack, to go for (transitive verb: to begin to fight against, used in Brazil)

• O jogador partiu para cima do adversário. (The player attacked the opponent.)

To divide, to split, to separate (reflexive verb: to become separated into parts)

• O grupo partiu-se em dois. (The group split into two.)

To break, to split (reflexive verb: to become separated into pieces)

• O espelho partiu-se em mil pedaços. (The mirror broke into a thousand pieces.)

conseguir [kõsɨˈɡiɾ]

To get, to obtain, to attain, to manage, to succeed in (transitive verb: to acquire or achieve something)

• Ele conseguiu um novo emprego. (He got a new job.)

To be able to, to be capable of, to manage (transitive verb: to have the ability or skill to do something)

• Ela consegue falar três idiomas. (She is able to speak three languages.)

To reach, to achieve, to accomplish (transitive verb: to attain a goal or objective)

• Eles conseguiram o que queriam. (They achieved what they wanted.)

tanto [ˈtɐ̃tu]

So much, so many (pronoun: a large quantity or number)

• Não precisa de tanto açúcar no café. (You don’t need so much sugar in your coffee.)
• Havia tantas pessoas na festa que mal dava para andar. (There were so many people at the party that it was hard to walk.)

Such, such and such, a given, a particular (pronoun: a certain thing or amount)

• Ele disse tantas coisas que nem me lembro de tudo. (He said such things that I can’t even remember everything.)

Such (pronoun: information one doesn’t want to give)

• Ela foi a tantos lugares que nem vale a pena mencionar. (She went to such places that it’s not even worth mentioning.)

So much, so big (adjective: of great size or intensity)

• Nunca vi uma casa tão grande. (I’ve never seen such a big house.)

So many (adjective: of a large number)

• Há tantos livros nesta biblioteca! (There are so many books in this library!)

So much, so many times, so often (adverb: a large number of times)

• Já te disse isso tantas vezes! (I’ve told you this so many times!)

So much, so hard (adverb: with great intensity)

• Ele trabalha tanto que nunca tem tempo para descansar. (He works so hard that he never has time to rest.)

lado [ˈladu]

Side (noun [m]: one of the surfaces of an object)

• O lado direito do carro está amassado. (The right side of the car is dented.)

Side (noun [m]: a surface of an object)

• Coloque a caixa com este lado para cima. (Place the box with this side up.)

Direction, way (noun [m]: a course or path)

• Vire à esquerda no próximo lado. (Turn left at the next direction.)

Side (noun [m]: the space to the left or right of something)

• Fique do meu lado para a foto. (Stay on my side for the photo.)

Side (noun [m]: a group or faction in a conflict)

• Na guerra, é difícil saber qual lado está certo. (In war, it’s hard to know which side is right.)

Aspect, side, perspective, angle (noun [m]: a particular way of considering something)

• Temos que analisar a questão por todos os lados. (We have to analyze the issue from all sides.)

Side (noun [m]: a line of kinship)

• Ela puxou ao lado artístico da família. (She took after the artistic side of the family.)

chamar [ʃɐˈmaɾ]

To call, to summon, to convoke (transitive verb: to ask someone to come)

• O diretor chamou todos para uma reunião. (The director called everyone to a meeting.)

To name, to call (transitive verb: to give a name to)

• Eles chamaram o filho de João. (They named their son João.)

To call, to phone, to telephone (transitive verb: to contact by telephone)

• Vou chamar a Maria para confirmar o encontro. (I’ll call Maria to confirm the meeting.)

melhor [mɨˈʎɔɾ]

Best, the best, the better, the better of the two (noun [m/f]: the most excellent or desirable)

• Este é o melhor vinho da região. (This is the best wine in the region.)

Best, the best (noun [m]: the most suitable or appropriate)

• Nem sempre o melhor é o mais caro. (The best is not always the most expensive.)

Superior, excellent (adjective: of the highest quality or degree)

• Ela tem uma capacidade melhor do que a minha para matemática. (She has a superior ability in mathematics compared to mine.)

Better (adverb: in a more excellent way)

• Ele cozinha melhor do que eu. (He cooks better than I do.)

Better, more suitably (adverb: in a more appropriate way)

• É melhor fazer isso agora do que deixar para depois. (It’s better to do this now than to leave it for later.)

Better, more correctly, more respectfully (adverb: in a more polite or respectful way)

• Fale melhor com os mais velhos. (Speak more respectfully to your elders.)

Better (adverb: in a healthier state)

• Estou me sentindo melhor hoje. (I’m feeling better today.)

Great, fine (interjection: expressing satisfaction)

• Melhor assim, vamos em frente! (Great, let’s move forward!)

pensar [pẽˈsaɾ]

To think (intransitive verb: to form thoughts or ideas)

• Ele passa horas pensando em seus projetos. (He spends hours thinking about his projects.)

To think, to reflect (intransitive verb: to contemplate or consider)

• Preciso de tempo para pensar antes de tomar uma decisão. (I need time to think before making a decision.)

To think (transitive verb: to have an intention)

• Penso em viajar nas férias. (I think about traveling during the holidays.)

To think, to be preoccupied, to ponder (transitive verb: to be worried or concerned about)

• Ela está pensando no futuro dos filhos. (She is thinking about her children’s future.)

To think, to imagine (transitive verb: to bring to mind)

• Quando penso na minha infância, sinto saudades. (When I think of my childhood, I feel nostalgic.)

To think, to imagine, to suppose (transitive verb: to believe or assume)

• Penso que vai chover hoje. (I think it’s going to rain today.)

To dress, to treat, to bandage (transitive verb: to care for a wound appropriately)

• O enfermeiro pensou o ferimento com cuidado. (The nurse dressed the wound carefully.)

nome [ˈnɔmɨ]

Name (noun [m]: the designation of a person)

• O meu nome é João. (My name is João.)

Name (noun [m]: the designation of something)

• Qual é o nome deste pássaro? (What’s the name of this bird?)

Name, surname, family name (noun [m]: the last name of a person)

• O nome dela é Silva. (Her surname is Silva.)

Nickname (noun [m]: a familiar or humorous name)

• Na escola, ele tinha o nome de “Magrão”. (At school, his nickname was “Skinny”.)

Name, reputation, renown (noun [m], figurative: a person’s fame or reputation)

• Ele tem um nome respeitado na indústria. (He has a respected name in the industry.)

Title, name (noun [m]: a formal appellation)

• Qual é o nome oficial do país? (What’s the official name of the country?)

Swearword, curse, bad word, bad name (noun [m]: a rude or offensive word)

• Não use esse nome feio! (Don’t use that bad word!)

Noun, substantive (noun [m], grammar: a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea)

• “Gato” é um nome comum. (“Cat” is a common noun.)

isto [ˈiʃtu]

This (pronoun: referring to something near or present)

• Gosto muito disto. (I like this a lot.)

This (pronoun: referring to something that has just been said)

• Isto que você disse é muito interessante. (This that you said is very interesting.)

That’s it! (interjection: expressing support or agreement)

• Isto mesmo, você entendeu perfeitamente! (That’s it, you understood perfectly!)

certo [ˈsɛɾtu]

Right, correct, exact (adjective: free from error or fault)

• A resposta certa é 42. (The correct answer is 42.)

Certain, sure (adjective: confident, having no doubts)

• Estou certo de que ele virá. (I am certain that he will come.)

Agreed, arranged (adjective: settled or determined)

• Ficou certo que nos encontraríamos às 10h. (It was agreed that we would meet at 10 AM.)

Certain, sure, assured, inevitable, guaranteed (adjective: bound to happen)

• É certo que vai chover hoje. (It’s certain that it will rain today.)

Correct, right, appropriate (adjective: suitable or proper)

• Usar gravata é o certo para esta ocasião. (Wearing a tie is appropriate for this occasion.)

Certain, given, particular (pronoun: referring to something specific but not named)

• Certas pessoas não gostam de chocolate. (Certain people don’t like chocolate.)

Right, properly, correctly (adverb: in a correct or accurate manner)

• Ela sempre faz tudo certo. (She always does everything right.)

Correct, exact (noun [m]: that which is accurate or true)

• Ninguém sabe ao certo o que aconteceu. (No one knows for certain what happened.)

mulher [muˈʎɛɾ]

Woman (noun [f]: an adult female human)

• Aquela mulher está esperando o ônibus. (That woman is waiting for the bus.)

Woman (noun [f]: an adult female person)

• Ela se tornou uma mulher independente. (She became an independent woman.)

Woman, women, womankind (noun [f]: female human beings considered collectively)

• A luta pelos direitos da mulher continua. (The fight for women’s rights continues.)

Wife, partner, spouse (noun [f]: a female partner in a marriage)

• Esta é minha mulher, Ana. (This is my wife, Ana.)

conhecer [koɲɨˈseɾ]

To know, to understand (transitive verb: to have knowledge or information about)

• Você conhece a resposta? (Do you know the answer?)

To meet, to get to know (transitive verb: to become acquainted with)

• Conheci minha esposa na faculdade. (I met my wife in college.)

To know, to understand, to know about, to be familiar with (transitive verb: to have mastery of a subject)

• Ele conhece bem a história do Brasil. (He knows Brazilian history well.)

To try, to experience, to get to know (transitive verb: to have firsthand knowledge of)

• Quero conhecer outros países. (I want to experience other countries.)

To realize, to understand, to find out about, to hear about, to come to know about, to get to know about (intransitive verb: to become aware of)

• Quando conheceu a verdade, ficou chocado. (When he found out the truth, he was shocked.)

To know, to experience, to live (intransitive verb: to have personal experience of)

• Ela conheceu momentos difíceis na vida. (She experienced difficult moments in life.)

exemplo [eˈzẽplu]

Example, model, exemplar (noun [m]: something that serves as an illustration or model)

• Ela é um exemplo de dedicação. (She is an example of dedication.)

Example, instance (noun [m]: something similar or comparable)

• Este é um exemplo de como a situação pode piorar. (This is an example of how the situation can worsen.)

existir [eziʃˈtiɾ]

To exist (intransitive verb: to have real existence)

• Será que fantasmas existem? (Do ghosts exist?)

To be (intransitive verb: to live or be present)

• Ainda existem muitas desigualdades no mundo. (There are still many inequalities in the world.)

To last, to endure (intransitive verb: to continue to exist)

• Esse monumento existe há séculos. (This monument has existed for centuries.)

To remain (predicative verb: to continue to be)

• O problema ainda existe, apesar dos esforços. (The problem still remains, despite the efforts.)

antes [ˈɐ̃tɨʃ]

Before, prior to (adverb, preposition: at an earlier time or place)

• Chegamos antes do previsto. (We arrived before the expected time.)

Preferably, better, rather (adverb: indicating preference)

• Antes um pássaro na mão do que dois voando. (Better a bird in the hand than two flying.)

First, first and foremost (adverb: indicating priority)

• Antes de mais nada, quero agradecer a todos. (First and foremost, I want to thank everyone.)

tal [taɫ]

Such (pronoun: similar or equal)

• Nunca vi tal coisa na minha vida. (I’ve never seen such a thing in my life.)

This, that, such (pronoun: demonstrative, referring to something specific)

• Tal atitude não é aceitável. (Such behavior is not acceptable.)

Like, as (adverb: in the same way or manner)

• Ele age tal como seu pai. (He acts just like his father.)

A certain person (noun [m/f]: someone not specified by name)

• Ela recebeu a notícia de tal e tal. (She received the news from a certain person.)

você [voˈse]

You (pronoun: the person being addressed)

• Você pode me ajudar com isso? (Can you help me with this?)

You, one (pronoun: anyone in general, impersonal)

• Você nunca sabe o que pode acontecer. (You never know what might happen.)

lá [ˈla]

There (adverb: in, at, or to that place)

• Ele mora lá. (He lives there.)

durante [duˈɾɐ̃tɨ]

During (preposition: throughout the course or duration of)

• Ele dormiu durante a aula. (He slept during the class.)

For (preposition: indicating a stated duration)

• Ficamos na praia durante duas horas. (We stayed at the beach for two hours.)

Woolen fabric (noun [m]: a fabric made from wool)

• Ela comprou um casaco de durante. (She bought a coat made of woolen fabric.)

terra [ˈtɛʁɐ]

Earth, land (noun [f]: the ground or soil)

• Ele caiu no chão e se sujou de terra. (He fell on the ground and got dirty with earth.)

Land (noun [f]: soil used for agriculture)

• Eles compraram uma terra fértil para plantar. (They bought fertile land for planting.)

Land, area, place (noun [f]: a region or territory)

• Aquela terra é conhecida por suas praias. (That land is known for its beaches.)

Dirt, soil (noun [f]: fine, dry particles of earth)

• Limpe os sapatos, estão cheios de terra. (Clean your shoes, they’re full of dirt.)

Birthplace, native land (noun [f]: the place where one was born)

• Portugal é a sua terra natal. (Portugal is his native land.)

Land, country, region, area (noun [f]: a geographically delimited area)

• Ela viajou por terras distantes. (She traveled to distant lands.)

Land, property (noun [f]: a plot of land owned by someone)

• Ele herdou uma grande terra da família. (He inherited a large piece of land from his family.)

último [ˈuɫtimu]

Last (adjective: coming after all others)

• Ele foi o último a chegar. (He was the last to arrive.)

Latest, most recent, previous (adjective: closest to the present)

• Li o último livro daquele autor. (I read the latest book by that author.)

Final, last (adjective: coming at the end)

• Este é o último aviso. (This is the final warning.)

Latest (adjective: most recent or current)

• Qual é a última moda em Paris? (What’s the latest fashion in Paris?)

Ultimate, decisive (adjective: being the most important or critical)

• Sua opinião foi o fator último na decisão. (His opinion was the decisive factor in the decision.)

Lowest (adjective, figurative: of the poorest quality or standard)

• Esse é o último modelo da marca. (This is the lowest model of the brand.)

Last-minute, latest (adjective: done or occurring at the latest possible time)

• Fizemos uma viagem de última hora. (We took a last-minute trip.)

desde [ˈdeʒdɨ]

Since, from (preposition: indicating a starting point in time)

• Estou aqui desde manhã. (I’ve been here since morning.)

Given, since, considering (preposition: taking into account that)

• Desde que você concorda, podemos prosseguir. (Given that you agree, we can proceed.)

contra [ˈkõtɾɐ]

Against, opposed to (preposition: in opposition or contrary to)

• Ele votou contra a proposta. (He voted against the proposal.)

Against, in disagreement with (preposition: not in accordance with)

• Isso vai contra as regras da empresa. (This goes against the company’s rules.)

Against, into, facing (preposition: in the opposite direction of)

• Ele bateu contra a parede. (He hit against the wall.)

Against, contrary (adverb: in opposition)

• Ela argumentou contra durante o debate. (She argued against during the debate.)

Drawback, cons, downside (noun [m]: a negative aspect of something)

• O contra desse plano é o alto custo. (The downside of this plan is the high cost.)

Objection (noun [m]: a reason for disagreeing)

• Alguém tem algum contra? (Does anyone have any objections?)

aí [aˈi]

There (adverb: in, at, or to that place)

• O livro está aí na mesa. (The book is there on the table.)

parecer [pɐɾeˈseɾ]

To resemble, to look like, to seem like, to be like (transitive verb: to have a similar appearance)

• Ela parece a mãe dela. (She resembles her mother.)

To seem, to appear (transitive verb: to give the impression of being)

• Isso me parece uma boa ideia. (This seems like a good idea to me.)

To seem, to appear, to look like (intransitive verb: to be probable or likely)

• Parece que vai chover. (It looks like it’s going to rain.)

Opinion, judgement (noun [m]: a view or belief about something)

• No meu parecer, ele está errado. (In my opinion, he is wrong.)

Appearance (noun [m]: the way someone or something looks)

• Ela cuida muito do parecer. (She takes great care of her appearance.)

Opinion, evaluation (noun [m]: a professional assessment)

• O parecer do médico foi positivo. (The doctor’s evaluation was positive.)

To resemble one another, to look alike (reflexive verb: to have a similar appearance)

• Os gêmeos parecem-se muito. (The twins look alike a lot.)

pequeno [pɨˈkenu]

Small, little (adjective: of reduced size)

• Ela mora em uma casa pequena. (She lives in a small house.)

Short, small (adjective: of short stature)

• Ele é pequeno para a idade dele. (He is short for his age.)

Short (adjective: of little length)

• O vestido é muito pequeno para mim. (The dress is too short for me.)

Young, little, small (adjective: of young age)

• Meu irmão pequeno tem cinco anos. (My little brother is five years old.)

Petty, trivial, small minded (adjective, figurative: of little importance)

• Não vamos discutir por coisas pequenas. (Let’s not argue over petty things.)

Modest, small (adjective: not large or impressive)

• Tivemos um pequeno lucro este mês. (We had a modest profit this month.)

Boy, child, kid (noun [m]: a young male person)

• Havia vários pequenos brincando no parque. (There were several kids playing in the park.)

Child, son (noun [m]: one’s offspring)

• Ele é o pequeno da família. (He is the youngest child in the family.)

Small, small time, poor (noun [m]: someone or something insignificant)

• Ele é um pequeno empresário. (He is a small business owner.)

quanto [ˈkwɐ̃tu]

How much, how many (pronoun: interrogative, asking about quantity)

• Quanto açúcar você quer no café? (How much sugar do you want in your coffee?)

How much, what (pronoun: interrogative, asking about price)

• Quanto custa este livro? (How much does this book cost?)

So much (pronoun: a large amount or number)

• Não esperava ganhar quanto dinheiro. (I didn’t expect to earn so much money.)

How (adverb: modifying an adjective, indicating degree or intensity)

• Quanto grande é a sua casa? (How big is your house?)

How (adverb: modifying an adverb, indicating extent or degree)

• Quanto profundamente ele dormiu? (How deeply did he sleep?)

How (adverb: asking about the manner or way)

• Quanto você fez isso? (How did you do this?)

As (adverb: indicating equality in degree or quantity)

• Ele é quanto inteligente quanto dedicado. (He is as intelligent as he is dedicated.)

nada [ˈnadɐ]

Nothing, anything (pronoun: not a single thing)

• Não tenho nada para fazer hoje. (I have nothing to do today.)
• Você viu nada estranho? (Did you see anything strange?)

Not, not at all, at all (adverb: not in any way)

• Ele nada ajudou na tarefa. (He did not help at all with the task.)

Nothing, void (noun [m]: nonexistence)

• No espaço, há apenas o nada. (In space, there is only nothing.)

Nothing, nobody (noun [m]: a thing or person considered insignificant)

• Ele é um nada na empresa. (He is a nobody in the company.)

Nothing (noun [m], philosophy: non-being)

• O nada é o oposto do ser. (Nothing is the opposite of being.)

português [puɾtuˈɣeʃ]

Portuguese person (adjective + noun: a native of Portugal)

• Ele é um português de Coimbra. (He is a Portuguese person from Coimbra.)

Portuguese (noun [m]: the language of Portugal)

• Ela fala português fluentemente. (She speaks Portuguese fluently.)

Portuguese (adjective: relating to Portugal)

• A cultura portuguesa é rica e diversa. (Portuguese culture is rich and diverse.)

filho [ˈfiʎu]

Son (noun [m]: a male offspring)

• Meu filho tem 10 anos. (My son is 10 years old.)

tornar [toɾˈnaɾ]

To return, to go back, to come back (intransitive verb: to go back to a place)

• Eles tornaram tarde da noite. (They returned late at night.)

To happen again, to come back, to recur (intransitive verb: to occur again)

• A dor tornou mais forte do que antes. (The pain came back stronger than before.)

To reply, to return (intransitive verb: to respond)

• Ela tornou com uma resposta inteligente. (She replied with a clever answer.)

To return, to send back (transitive verb: to go back on a decision)

• Ele tornou a sua palavra. (He went back on his word.)

To return, to give back (transitive verb: to give something back)

• Preciso tornar este livro à biblioteca. (I need to return this book to the library.)

To support, to defend (transitive verb: to take someone’s side)

• Vou tornar o seu argumento. (I will defend your argument.)

To turn into, to change, to transform (transitive verb: to convert into something else)

• A mágica tornou o sapo em um príncipe. (The magic transformed the frog into a prince.)

To return to, to come back to (transitive verb: to resume discussing)

• Vamos tornar ao assunto principal. (Let’s come back to the main topic.)

To turn (reflexive verb: to direct oneself)

• Ele se tornou para a esquerda. (He turned to the left.)

To turn to (reflexive verb: to seek help from)

• Ela se tornou para um advogado. (She turned to a lawyer for help.)

To turn to (reflexive verb: to resort to)

• Eles se tornaram para medidas drásticas. (They resorted to drastic measures.)

To turn into, to become, to change into (reflexive verb: to be converted into)

• A água se tornou em gelo. (The water turned into ice.)

To become, to get (reflexive verb: to start being)

• Ela se tornou uma excelente médica. (She became an excellent doctor.)

To return, to go back, to come back (reflexive verb: to go back to a place)

• Eles se tornaram para casa depois da festa. (They returned home after the party.)

To turn into, to change into, to transform into, to become (reflexive verb: to be transformed)

• A lagarta se tornou em uma borboleta. (The caterpillar turned into a butterfly.)

To become, to keep, to stay, to be (reflexive verb: to remain in a state)

• Ele se tornou calmo durante a crise. (He remained calm during the crisis.)

água [ˈaɡwɐ]

Water (noun [f]: the liquid H2O)

• Beba muita água para se manter hidratado. (Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated.)

Water (noun [f]: the essential liquid for life)

• Sem água, não há vida na Terra. (Without water, there is no life on Earth.)

Waters, oceans (noun [f]: the liquid part of the Earth)

• Os peixes vivem nas águas dos rios e mares. (Fish live in the waters of rivers and seas.)

Rain (noun [f], informal: precipitation)

• A água está caindo forte lá fora. (The rain is falling heavily outside.)

direito [diˈɾejtu]

Right (noun [m]: something accessible to everyone)

• A educação é um direito de todos. (Education is a right for everyone.)

Law (noun [m]: rules of life in society)

• O direito regula as relações entre as pessoas. (Law regulates relationships between people.)

Outside (noun [m]: the visible side of a garment)

• Vire a camisa do direito para passar. (Turn the shirt right side out to iron it.)

Right, on the right, on the right-hand side (adjective: located on the right side)

• Vire à mão direita no próximo cruzamento. (Turn right at the next intersection.)

Right-handed, right-footed (adjective: using the right hand or foot more naturally)

• Ela é direita e escreve com a mão direita. (She is right-handed and writes with her right hand.)

Straight, direct (adjective: not curved or bent)

• Esta estrada é direita e plana. (This road is straight and flat.)

Right, correct, just (adjective: fair, proper, or appropriate)

• Ele tomou a decisão direita. (He made the right decision.)

Upstanding, honest, decent, honorable (adjective: having good moral character)

• Ele é um homem direito e respeitado na comunidade. (He is an upstanding man, respected in the community.)

público [ˈpublikw]

Public, popular (adjective: relating to the people)

• O parque é um espaço público. (The park is a public space.)

Public (adjective: known by everyone)

• Sua opinião sobre o assunto é pública. (His opinion on the subject is public.)

Public, popular (noun [m]: the general population)

• O público aplaudiu de pé no final do espetáculo. (The public gave a standing ovation at the end of the show.)

Audience (noun [m]: the spectators of an event)

• O público do teatro era jovem e entusiasmado. (The theater audience was young and enthusiastic.)

Market, target market, public (noun [m]: the intended consumers of a product)

• O público-alvo deste produto são adolescentes. (The target market for this product is teenagers.)

entrar [ẽˈtraɾ]

To enter, to gain access to (transitive verb: to go into)

• Ele entrou o prédio pela porta dos fundos. (He entered the building through the back door.)

To enter, to go in, to get in (transitive verb: to go inside a place, building, or vehicle)

• Quando o sinal abrir, entre o carro. (When the light turns green, get in the car.)

To begin, to start, to go on holidays (transitive verb: to commence employment or holidays)

• Ele vai entrar férias na próxima semana. (He will go on holidays next week.)

To start, to be admitted to, to be accepted by (transitive verb: to be enrolled in a school)

• Meu filho vai entrar a escola no próximo ano. (My son will start school next year.)

To get inside (transitive verb, acting: to fully embody a character)

• O ator entrou completamente o personagem. (The actor got fully inside the character.)

To provide, to supply, to invest (transitive verb: to contribute time or money)

• Vamos entrar mais dinheiro neste projeto. (We will invest more money in this project.)

problema [pɾoˈblẽmɐ]

Problem, issue, difficulty (noun [m]: a difficult situation)

• Enfrentamos um sério problema de segurança. (We face a serious security problem.)

Problem, defect (noun [m]: a flaw or imperfection)

• O carro tem um problema no motor. (The car has a problem with the engine.)

Problem, trouble, hassle (noun [m]: an annoyance or inconvenience)

• Tive um problema com o meu computador hoje. (I had a problem with my computer today.)

Problem, difficulty, matter, issue (noun [m]: an obstacle to be overcome)

• A falta de recursos é um grande problema para a empresa. (The lack of resources is a big problem for the company.)

Problem, trouble (noun [m]: an organic dysfunction)

• Ele tem um problema no coração. (He has a problem with his heart.)

Question, issue, matter (noun [m]: a topic for debate)

• O aquecimento global é um problema que precisa ser discutido. (Global warming is an issue that needs to be discussed.)

Problem, trouble (noun [m]: something that causes discomfort)

• A falta de espaço é um problema neste apartamento. (The lack of space is a problem in this apartment.)

Problem (noun [m], math: an exercise or question)

• Resolva os problemas da página 25. (Solve the problems on page 25.)

viver [viˈveɾ]

To live, to be alive (intransitive verb: to exist, to have life)

• Ela vai viver por muitos anos. (She will live for many years.)

To live, to stay alive (intransitive verb: to sustain life, to endure)

• Ele viveu por mais dez anos após o diagnóstico. (He lived for ten more years after the diagnosis.)

To live (intransitive verb: to enjoy life)

• Ela sabe viver e aproveitar cada momento. (She knows how to live and enjoy every moment.)

To live with (transitive verb: to be in a relationship with)

• Eles vivem juntos há cinco anos. (They have lived together for five years.)

To live in, to reside in (transitive verb: to inhabit)

• Nós vivemos em uma casa pequena. (We live in a small house.)

To haunt, to live at (transitive verb: to frequent a place)

• Ele vive a biblioteca da universidade. (He haunts the university library.)

To live, to experience (transitive verb: to go through)

• Ela viveu momentos difíceis no ano passado. (She lived through difficult times last year.)

To live on (transitive verb: to have as a staple diet)

• Eles vivem arroz e feijão. (They live on rice and beans.)

além [aˈlẽj]

Beyond, further (adverb: at a greater distance)

• A cidade fica além daquelas montanhas. (The city is beyond those mountains.)

The beyond, the great beyond, the hereafter, the other side, the afterlife (noun [m]: existence after death)

• Algumas pessoas acreditam no além. (Some people believe in the afterlife.)

pôr [poɾ]

To put (transitive verb: to place)

• Põe o livro na estante. (Put the book on the shelf.)

To put on (transitive verb: to dress oneself in)

• Ela pôs o vestido novo. (She put on the new dress.)

To raise (transitive verb: to bring up for discussion)

• Eles põem objeções ao plano. (They raise objections to the plan.)

To lay (transitive verb: to produce eggs)

• As galinhas põem ovos todos os dias. (The hens lay eggs every day.)

To find (transitive verb: to identify a flaw)

• Ele sempre põe defeito no trabalho dos outros. (He always finds fault with other people’s work.)

To make (transitive verb: to cause to be or become)

• Você está me pondo nervoso com essas perguntas. (You’re making me nervous with these questions.)

To set (reflexive verb: of the sun)

• O sol se põe no horizonte. (The sun sets on the horizon.)

To stand up (reflexive verb: to rise to one’s feet)

• Ela se pôs de pé para cumprimentar o convidado. (She stood up to greet the guest.)

To put yourself in my position (reflexive verb: to imagine oneself in another’s situation)

• Ponha-se no meu lugar antes de me julgar. (Put yourself in my position before judging me.)

To start to (reflexive verb: to begin an action)

• A criança se pôs a chorar quando a mãe saiu. (The child started crying when the mother left.)

Sunset (noun [m]: the time when the sun sets)

• O pôr do sol na praia é deslumbrante. (The sunset on the beach is stunning.)

história [iʃˈtɔɾjɐ]

History (noun [f]: the study of a people)

• Ela estuda história antiga. (She studies ancient history.)

Story, tale (noun [f]: a narrative)

• Ele contou uma história engraçada. (He told a funny story.)

Story, patter, spiel (noun [f], figurative: a narrative intended to deceive)

• Não acredito nessa história que ele inventou. (I don’t believe this story he made up.)

grupo [ˈɡɾupu]

Group (noun [m]: a set of things)

• Ela faz parte de um grupo de estudos. (She is part of a study group.)

Group (noun [m]: common characteristics)

• Eles pertencem ao mesmo grupo social. (They belong to the same social group.)

hora [ˈɔɾɐ]

Hour (noun [f]: a division of time equal to 60 minutes)

• O filme dura duas horas. (The movie lasts two hours.)

Time, moment (noun [f]: an exact or opportune moment)

• Chegou a hora de tomar uma decisão. (The time has come to make a decision.)

sair [saˈiɾ]

To get out, to go outside, to leave (intransitive verb: to go outside)

• A porta está trancada, não tenho como sair. (The door is locked, I can’t get out.)

To come out, to appear (intransitive verb, informal: to be published, e.g., a magazine)

• A nova edição da revista sai amanhã. (The new issue of the magazine comes out tomorrow.)

To leave, to quit, to go out, to go outside, to come out, to come outside (transitive verb + preposition: to exit from)

• Ele saiu de casa cedo hoje. (He left the house early today.)

To leave, to quit (transitive verb + preposition: to abandon)

• Rogério decidiu sair da faculdade. (Rogério decided to quit college.)

To leave, to quit, to resign (transitive verb + preposition: to leave a job)

• Ela saiu do emprego sem aviso prévio. (She quit her job without notice.)

To come out, to turn out (predicative verb: to result in, to have an appearance)

• A imagem saiu meio torta. (The image came out a bit crooked.)

To turn out to be, to prove to be (reflexive verb: to become, to reveal oneself as)

• Você está se saindo um ótimo cozinheiro. (You are turning out to be a great cook.)

To come out with (reflexive verb + preposition: to say something unexpectedly)

• Ela se saiu com uma resposta inesperada. (She came out with an unexpected answer.)

To come out of one’s shell (reflexive verb: to stop being shy)

• Ele finalmente se saiu da timidez. (He finally came out of his shell.)

To come from (transitive verb + preposition: to originate from)

• Esse vinho sai de uma região famosa. (This wine comes from a famous region.)

acabar [akaˈbaɾ]

To finish, to conclude, to end, to bring to an end (transitive verb: to complete an activity)

• Ele acabou o trabalho a tempo. (He finished the work on time.)

To finish, to use up (transitive verb: to consume a product completely)

• Acabamos todo o café da manhã. (We used up all the coffee this morning.)

To break up, to split up, to separate (transitive verb: to end a relationship)

• Eles acabaram o namoro na semana passada. (They broke up last week.)

To put an end to, to wipe out, to kill, to destroy (transitive verb: to eliminate)

• O inseticida acabou com as formigas. (The insecticide wiped out the ants.)

To turn, to become, to end up (transitive verb: to transform into)

• A brincadeira acabou em briga. (The play ended up in a fight.)

To be used up, to finish, to end, to go out, to burn out (reflexive verb: to be consumed or extinguished)

• O gás acabou-se no meio do cozimento. (The gas ran out in the middle of cooking.)

história [iʃˈtɔɾjɐ]

History (noun [f]: the study of a people)

• Ela estuda história antiga. (She studies ancient history.)

Story, tale (noun [f]: a narrative)

• Ele contou uma história engraçada. (He told a funny story.)

Story, patter, spiel (noun [f], figurative: a narrative intended to deceive)

• Não acredito nessa história que ele inventou. (I don’t believe this story he made up.)

grupo [ˈɡɾupu]

Group (noun [m]: a set of things)

• Ela faz parte de um grupo de estudos. (She is part of a study group.)

Group (noun [m]: common characteristics)

• Eles pertencem ao mesmo grupo social. (They belong to the same social group.)

hora [ˈɔɾɐ]

Hour (noun [f]: a division of time equal to 60 minutes)

• O filme dura duas horas. (The movie lasts two hours.)

Time, moment (noun [f]: an exact or opportune moment)

• Chegou a hora de tomar uma decisão. (The time has come to make a decision.)

sair [saˈiɾ]

To get out, to go outside, to leave (intransitive verb: to go outside)

• A porta está trancada, não tenho como sair. (The door is locked, I can’t get out.)

To come out, to appear (intransitive verb, informal: to be published, e.g., a magazine)

• A nova edição da revista sai amanhã. (The new issue of the magazine comes out tomorrow.)

To leave, to quit, to go out, to go outside, to come out, to come outside (transitive verb + preposition: to exit from)

• Ele saiu de casa cedo hoje. (He left the house early today.)

To leave, to quit (transitive verb + preposition: to abandon)

• Rogério decidiu sair da faculdade. (Rogério decided to quit college.)

To leave, to quit, to resign (transitive verb + preposition: to leave a job)

• Ela saiu do emprego sem aviso prévio. (She quit her job without notice.)

To come out, to turn out (predicative verb: to result in, to have an appearance)

• A imagem saiu meio torta. (The image came out a bit crooked.)

To turn out to be, to prove to be (reflexive verb: to become, to reveal oneself as)

• Você está se saindo um ótimo cozinheiro. (You are turning out to be a great cook.)

To come out with (reflexive verb + preposition: to say something unexpectedly)

• Ela se saiu com uma resposta inesperada. (She came out with an unexpected answer.)

To come out of one’s shell (reflexive verb: to stop being shy)

• Ele finalmente se saiu da timidez. (He finally came out of his shell.)

To come from (transitive verb + preposition: to originate from)

• Esse vinho sai de uma região famosa. (This wine comes from a famous region.)

acabar [akaˈbaɾ]

To finish, to conclude, to end, to bring to an end (transitive verb: to complete an activity)

• Ele acabou o trabalho a tempo. (He finished the work on time.)

To finish, to use up (transitive verb: to consume a product completely)

• Acabamos todo o café da manhã. (We used up all the coffee this morning.)

To break up, to split up, to separate (transitive verb: to end a relationship)

• Eles acabaram o namoro na semana passada. (They broke up last week.)

To put an end to, to wipe out, to kill, to destroy (transitive verb: to eliminate)

• O inseticida acabou com as formigas. (The insecticide wiped out the ants.)

To turn, to become, to end up (transitive verb: to transform into)

• A brincadeira acabou em briga. (The play ended up in a fight.)

To be used up, to finish, to end, to go out, to burn out (reflexive verb: to be consumed or extinguished)

• O gás acabou-se no meio do cozimento. (The gas ran out in the middle of cooking.)

continuar [kõtinuˈaɾ]

To continue, to prolong (transitive verb: to extend the duration of something)

• Eles continuaram a reunião por mais uma hora. (They continued the meeting for another hour.)

To continue, to resume, to start again (transitive verb: to restart something that was interrupted)

• Vamos continuar o projeto de onde paramos. (Let’s continue the project from where we left off.)

To continue, to maintain (transitive verb: to keep something in the same state)

• Ela continuou a dieta por mais um mês. (She continued the diet for another month.)

To continue, to follow, to succeed (transitive verb: to come after something in a sequence)

• O próximo orador continuará o tema da palestra. (The next speaker will continue the theme of the lecture.)

To continue (intransitive verb: to go on without stopping)

• A chuva continuou por toda a noite. (The rain continued all night long.)

To continue, to last, to endure, to persist (intransitive verb: to remain in the same state)

• O problema continuou por anos. (The problem persisted for years.)

tão [tɐ̃w]

So, such, that, as, so much (adverb: to a great extent or degree)

• Ela é tão inteligente quanto a irmã. (She is as intelligent as her sister.)

nunca [ˈnũkɐ]

Never (adverb: at no time)

• Eu nunca estive na África. (I have never been to Africa.)

Never, no way (adverb: not at all, under no circumstances)

• Nunca vou concordar com essa proposta. (I will never agree with this proposal.)

No, no way (adverb: used to deny or refuse something)

• Nunca vou te emprestar dinheiro de novo. (No way I’m lending you money again.)

Ever, never (adverb: at any time in the past, used in questions and negative statements)

• Você nunca pensou em mudar de emprego? (Have you ever thought about changing jobs?)

dentro [ˈdẽtɾu]

Inside, in, within (adverb, preposition: in the interior of)

• O gato está dentro da caixa. (The cat is inside the box.)

Inside, within (adverb, preposition: in the depths or core of something)

• Ele tinha um grande vazio dentro de si. (He had a great emptiness within himself.)

Within (preposition: in a certain timeframe)

• O projeto deve ser concluído dentro de um mês. (The project must be completed within a month.)

voltar [vowˈtaɾ]

To return, to come back, to go back (intransitive verb: to arrive back at a place)

• Eles voltaram de férias ontem. (They returned from vacation yesterday.)

To bring back, to recall (transitive verb: to cause to return)

• Esta música volta muitas lembranças. (This song brings back many memories.)

To turn (transitive verb: to move in a particular direction)

• Volte o carro para a esquerda. (Turn the car to the left.)

To give, to give back, to return (transitive verb: to give change or refund)

• O vendedor voltou o troco errado. (The salesman gave back the wrong change.)

To turn (transitive verb: to point or direct)

• Ele voltou a lanterna para o céu. (He turned the flashlight towards the sky.)

To turn (transitive verb: to appeal or resort to)

• Ela sempre volta ao dicionário quando tem dúvidas. (She always turns to the dictionary when in doubt.)

To turn against (transitive verb: to show hostility towards)

• Os fãs voltaram contra o ídolo após o escândalo. (The fans turned against the idol after the scandal.)

To return, to give back, to pay back (transitive verb: to restore or repay)

• Ele voltou o dinheiro que pegou emprestado. (He returned the money he borrowed.)

tomar [tõˈmaɾ]

To take, to seize (transitive verb: to gain possession of)

• Os soldados tomaram a cidade. (The soldiers took the city.)

To grab, to snatch (transitive verb: to take suddenly or forcibly)

• Ele tomou o brinquedo da mão da criança. (He snatched the toy from the child’s hand.)

To take, to steal, to grab (transitive verb: to take without permission)

• Alguém tomou minha carteira. (Someone stole my wallet.)

To take, to take up (transitive verb: to fill or occupy)

• A dor tomou todo o seu corpo. (The pain took up his entire body.)

To take, to eat, to have (transitive verb: to consume food)

• Ele tomou um sanduíche no almoço. (He had a sandwich for lunch.)

To take, to drink, to have (transitive verb: to consume any drink)

• Vou tomar um café. (I’ll have a coffee.)

obra [ˈɔbɾɐ]

Job, building job, construction job, site, building site, construction site (noun [f]: construction work)

• A obra do novo prédio está atrasada. (The construction of the new building is behind schedule.)

Work, opus (noun [f]: an artist’s or artisan’s production)

• Esta é a mais recente obra do pintor. (This is the painter’s most recent work.)

Work, product (noun [f]: the result of labor)

• Esta máquina é obra de um grande engenheiro. (This machine is the work of a great engineer.)

Work, study (noun [f]: a scientific work)

• Ele publicou uma importante obra sobre o assunto. (He published an important work on the subject.)

Job, shit, turd (noun [f], informal, vulgar: excrement)

• O cachorro fez obra no tapete. (The dog took a shit on the carpet.)

facto [ˈfaktu]

Fact (noun [m]: something that is known to be true)

• É um facto que a Terra é redonda. (It’s a fact that the Earth is round.)

ponto [ˈpõtu]

Spot, fleck, dot (noun [m]: a mark or blemish)

• Ela tem um ponto escuro na pele. (She has a dark spot on her skin.)

Period, full stop, point, decimal point (noun [m]: a punctuation mark)

• A frase termina com um ponto. (The sentence ends with a period.)

Point, spot (noun [m]: a marked place)

• Vamos nos encontrar naquele ponto. (Let’s meet at that point.)

Bus stop (noun [m]: a designated place for buses to stop)

• Desço no próximo ponto de ônibus. (I’m getting off at the next bus stop.)

Point (noun [m]: a unit of scoring in a game)

• Nosso time marcou mais um ponto. (Our team scored another point.)

Point, topic, matter (noun [m]: a subject or issue)

• Esse é um ponto importante a ser discutido. (That’s an important point to discuss.)

Point (noun [m]: a particular state or condition)

• As negociações chegaram a um ponto crítico. (The negotiations reached a critical point.)

Stitch (noun [m]: a loop of thread or yarn in sewing or knitting)

• Ela deu mais um ponto no tricô. (She made another stitch in her knitting.)

Stitch, point (noun [m]: a surgical suture)

• O médico fez três pontos na ferida. (The doctor put three stitches in the wound.)

Stitch, loop (noun [m]: a single complete movement of a needle in sewing or knitting)

• Aprendi um novo ponto de crochê. (I learned a new crochet stitch.)

trabalhar [tɾɐbɐˈʎaɾ]

To work (intransitive verb: to be engaged in a job or activity)

• Ele trabalha numa fábrica. (He works in a factory.)

To work, to strive (intransitive verb: to make an effort to do something)

• Vamos trabalhar para alcançar nossos objetivos. (Let’s work to achieve our goals.)

To work, to move (intransitive verb: to function, used for machines)

• O motor não está trabalhando direito. (The engine is not working properly.)

To perform (intransitive verb: to act in a play or movie)

• Ele trabalha como ator há anos. (He has been performing as an actor for years.)

To work, to cultivate (transitive verb: to till or farm land)

• Os agricultores trabalham a terra. (The farmers work the land.)

To work, to exercise (transitive verb: to develop or shape a part of the body)

• Vou trabalhar os músculos das pernas hoje. (I’m going to work my leg muscles today.)

fim [fĩ]

End, ending (noun [m]: the conclusion or termination)

• Chegamos ao fim da viagem. (We reached the end of the trip.)

End (noun [m]: the final point or moment)

• O fim do ano está se aproximando. (The end of the year is approaching.)

End, ruin, downfall (noun [m], figurative: a disastrous outcome)

• Esse escândalo pode ser o fim da sua carreira. (This scandal could be the end of his career.)

Aim, purpose, objective (noun [m]: the intended result or goal)

• O fim deste projeto é aumentar as vendas. (The purpose of this project is to increase sales.)

quase [ˈkwazɨ]

Almost, nearly (adverb: not quite, very close to)

• Quase perdemos o ônibus. (We almost missed the bus.)

Almost, nearly (adverb: a little less than)

• Ela tem quase 30 anos. (She is almost 30 years old.)

Almost, nearly (adverb: narrowly avoiding something)

• Quase bati o carro hoje. (I nearly crashed the car today.)

pai [paj]

Father, dad (noun [m]: a male parent)

• Meu pai é um homem muito sábio. (My father is a very wise man.)

Father, parent (noun [m]: a man who raises and nurtures a child)

• Ele é um pai dedicado. (He is a dedicated father.)

Sire, father (noun [m]: a male animal that has offspring)

• Aquele touro é o pai de muitos bezerros. (That bull is the sire of many calves.)

Father (noun [m], figurative: the creator or originator of something)

• Freud é considerado o pai da psicanálise. (Freud is considered the father of psychoanalysis.)

Father, benefactor, protector (noun [m], figurative: a man who acts as a guardian or patron)

• Ele é como um pai para as crianças do orfanato. (He is like a father to the children at the orphanage.)

Father (noun [m], figurative: the source or cause of something)

• A ganância é o pai de muitos males. (Greed is the father of many evils.)

Old (adjective: a term used to address elderly enslaved men)

• Pai João trabalhou nas plantações por muitos anos. (Old João worked on the plantations for many years.)

Father (noun [m], Christianity: the first person of the Holy Trinity)

• Cremos em Deus Pai todo-poderoso. (We believe in God the Father Almighty.)

Father (noun [m], Christianity: God)

• Oramos ao Pai celestial. (We pray to the heavenly Father.)

Father (noun [m]: a title used to address Catholic priests)

• Pai José celebrou a missa hoje. (Father José celebrated Mass today.)

apresentar [apɾezẽˈtaɾ]

To exhibit, to display, to present (transitive verb: to show or demonstrate something)

• Eles vão apresentar o novo produto na feira. (They will present the new product at the fair.)

To introduce, to present (transitive verb: to make someone known to others)

• Quero apresentar meu namorado à minha família. (I want to introduce my boyfriend to my family.)

To perform, to give a performance, to give a show (reflexive verb: to put on a performance)

• A banda se apresentou no festival. (The band performed at the festival.)

relação [ʁɨlɐˈsɐ̃w̃]

Relation, listing (noun [f]: a connection or correspondence)

• Existe uma relação entre a alimentação e a saúde. (There is a relation between diet and health.)

Connection, comparison (noun [f]: a link or similarity between two things)

• Podemos fazer uma relação entre esses dois eventos. (We can make a connection between these two events.)

List (noun [f]: a series of items)

• Fiz uma relação dos convidados para a festa. (I made a list of the guests for the party.)

Relationship, relation (noun [f]: a connection or association between people or things)

• Eles têm uma ótima relação de trabalho. (They have a great working relationship.)

Relationship, bond (noun [f]: a close connection between people)

• A relação entre irmãos é muito especial. (The bond between siblings is very special.)

Paradigm, paradigmatic relationship (noun [f], linguistics: the interdependence of terms in Saussurean linguistics)

• Existe uma relação paradigmática entre esses fonemas. (There is a paradigmatic relationship between these phonemes.)

criar [kɾiˈaɾ]

To create, to make (transitive verb: to bring into existence)

• Deus criou o mundo em sete dias. (God created the world in seven days.)

To create, to invent, to develop (transitive verb: to design or produce something new)

• Eles criaram um novo aplicativo. (They created a new app.)

To raise, to bring up, to nurture (transitive verb: to care for and educate a child)

• Meus avós me criaram desde pequeno. (My grandparents raised me since I was little.)

considerar [kõsideˈɾaɾ]

To think, to believe, to consider, to feel (transitive verb: to regard as)

• Eu considero isso uma ótima ideia. (I consider this a great idea.)

To examine, to consider, to contemplate (transitive verb: to think about carefully)

• Precisamos considerar todas as opções. (We need to consider all the options.)

To respect, to esteem (transitive verb: to regard with respect)

• Eu o considero muito como profissional. (I respect him greatly as a professional.)

To consider, to weigh up, to think about, to reflect upon, to ponder (transitive verb: to deliberate or contemplate)

• Vamos considerar os prós e contras. (Let’s consider the pros and cons.)

To think, to reflect, to consider (transitive verb: to ponder or contemplate)

• Preciso de tempo para considerar a proposta. (I need time to think about the proposal.)

To consider, to regard (transitive verb: to view or judge in a particular way)

• Ele é considerado o melhor da turma. (He is regarded as the best in the class.)

To think, to reflect (intransitive verb: to ponder or contemplate)

• Vou considerar sobre o assunto. (I will reflect on the subject.)

momento [mõˈmẽtu]

Moment, occasion, time (noun [m]: a specific point in time)

• Este é o momento certo para agir. (This is the right moment to act.)

receber [ʁeseˈbeɾ]

To receive, to get (transitive verb: to come into possession of)

• Ela recebeu um lindo presente. (She received a beautiful gift.)

To accept, to take (transitive verb: to agree to take or receive)

• Ele recebeu o cargo com entusiasmo. (He accepted the position with enthusiasm.)

To receive (transitive verb: to take payment)

• O banco recebeu o pagamento. (The bank received the payment.)

To receive, to get (transitive verb: to obtain by mail)

• Recebi sua carta ontem. (I received your letter yesterday.)

To receive, to get (transitive verb: to obtain a message via the internet)

• Recebeu meu e-mail? (Did you get my email?)

To put up, to lodge, to house (transitive verb: to provide accommodation for)

• O hotel recebeu os convidados. (The hotel put up the guests.)

To receive, to welcome (transitive verb: to greet visitors)

• Ela recebeu os convidados com um sorriso. (She welcomed the guests with a smile.)

To have visitors, to have guests, to receive (intransitive verb: to entertain guests)

• Eles recebem muito em casa. (They have many visitors at home.)

To get news, to receive news, to learn (transitive verb: to be informed of something)

• Recebemos notícias ruins ontem. (We received bad news yesterday.)

To receive, to take, to obey (transitive verb: to accept or submit to an order)

• Os soldados receberam ordens do capitão. (The soldiers took orders from the captain.)

To receive, to be possessed (transitive verb, figurative: to be possessed by a spirit, used for mediums)

• O médium recebeu o espírito do falecido. (The medium was possessed by the spirit of the deceased.)

idéia [iˈdɛjɐ]

Idea (noun [f]: a thought or suggestion)

• Tive uma ótima idéia para o projeto. (I had a great idea for the project.)

política [poˈlitʃikɐ]

Policy, politics (noun [f]: a course of action adopted by a government, business, or individual)

• A política da empresa é clara sobre esse assunto. (The company’s policy is clear on this matter.)

vário [ˈvaɾju]

Various, variegated, multicoloured (adjective: diverse or having different colors)

• O jardim tem flores várias. (The garden has variegated flowers.)

lugar [luˈɡaɾ]

Place, spot (noun [m]: a particular location)

• Este é o lugar perfeito para um piquenique. (This is the perfect spot for a picnic.)

Place (noun [m]: a position or ranking)

• Ela ficou em primeiro lugar na competição. (She got first place in the competition.)

Place (noun [m]: a city, town, or country)

• Paris é um lugar incrível para visitar. (Paris is an amazing place to visit.)

Place (noun [m]: an occasion or opportunity)

• Não há lugar para erros neste projeto. (There’s no place for mistakes in this project.)

Job, position (noun [m]: a role of employment)

• Ele conseguiu um ótimo lugar na empresa. (He got a great position in the company.)

Space, environment (noun [m]: the surroundings or setting)

• Este lugar tem uma energia positiva. (This space has a positive energy.)

Position, place (noun [m]: a status or standing within a social hierarchy)

• Ele ocupa um lugar de destaque na comunidade. (He holds a prominent position in the community.)

Place, seat (noun [m]: a space to sit)

• Por favor, ocupe o seu lugar. (Please take your seat.)

sentir [sẽˈtiɾ]

To feel, to taste, to smell, to hear (transitive verb: to perceive through the senses)

• Ela sentiu a maciez do tecido. (She felt the softness of the fabric.)

To feel, to sense, to experience (transitive verb: to have a physical sensation)

• Sinto uma dor no peito. (I feel a pain in my chest.)

To regret, to feel sorry for, to feel sorry about (transitive verb: to feel sorrow or remorse)

• Sinto muito pelo que aconteceu. (I feel sorry for what happened.)

To see, to feel, to recognize, to recognise (transitive verb: to become aware of)

• Sinto que algo está errado. (I feel that something is wrong.)

To feel, to believe, to think (transitive verb: to be convinced of)

• Sinto que ela está dizendo a verdade. (I believe she is telling the truth.)

To feel regret, to repent, to be sorry (intransitive verb: to feel remorse)

• Ele sentiu por ter mentido. (He felt regret for having lied.)

To feel (reflexive verb: to consider oneself)

• Ela se sente uma pessoa realizada. (She feels fulfilled.)

To be hurt, to be offended (reflexive verb: to feel resentment or take offense)

• Ele se sentiu com a crítica. (He was offended by the criticism.)

To feel like, to imagine oneself to be, to think one is (reflexive verb: to imagine or fantasize)

• Ela se sentiu uma princesa no baile. (She felt like a princess at the ball.)

livro [ˈlivɾu]

Book (noun [m]: a written or printed work)

• Li um livro interessante nas férias. (I read an interesting book on vacation.)

Book (noun [m]: a literary work)

• Este é o melhor livro do autor. (This is the author’s best book.)

Book, volume (noun [m]: a part of a larger work)

• A enciclopédia tem vinte livros. (The encyclopedia has twenty volumes.)

Cashbook (noun [m]: a bookkeeping record)

• O contador verificou o livro-caixa. (The accountant checked the cashbook.)

Book (noun [m], figurative: a source of knowledge or a very erudite person)

• Ele é um livro aberto sobre o assunto. (He’s an open book on the subject.)

nós [nɔs]

We, us (pronoun: the first-person plural pronoun)

• Nós vamos ao cinema hoje. (We are going to the movies today.)

We, us (pronoun: referring to people in general)

• Nós precisamos cuidar do meio ambiente. (We need to take care of the environment.)

mês [mes]

Month (noun [m]: a unit of time)

• O ano tem doze meses. (The year has twelve months.)

Month (noun [m]: a period of 30 consecutive days)

• Ela ficará fora por um mês. (She will be away for a month.)

Monthly salary, monthly wage (noun [m]: a salary paid each month)

• Recebi meu mês ontem. (I received my monthly salary yesterday.)

Period, menstruation (noun [m]: the monthly discharge of blood in women)

• Ela está no seu mês. (She is on her period.)

alto [ˈawtu]

High, high up, elevated, tall, upper (adjective: of great vertical extent)

• Ele mora em um prédio alto. (He lives in a tall building.)

Great, exalted, noble, lofty (adjective, figurative: of a high degree or quality)

• Ela tem altos padrões morais. (She has high moral standards.)

Loud, high (adjective: of great volume or intensity of sound)

• A música está muito alta. (The music is very loud.)

High, high-pitched, sharp (adjective, music: of a high frequency)

• Ela canta em um tom alto. (She sings in a high pitch.)

High, great, illustrious, important (adjective, figurative: of great rank, importance, or distinction)

• Ele ocupa um alto cargo no governo. (He holds a high position in the government.)

High, dear, expensive (adjective: of a great price or value)

• Os preços estão muito altos. (The prices are very high.)

High, upper, top (adjective: situated at the top)

• As crianças subiram no alto da árvore. (The children climbed to the top of the tree.)

força [ˈfoɾsɐ]

Strength, might, energy (noun [f]: muscular power)

• Ele tem muita força nos braços. (He has a lot of strength in his arms.)

Force, power, intensity (noun [f]: intensity or domination)

• A força da correnteza o arrastou. (The force of the current swept him away.)

acontecer [akõteˈseɾ]

To happen, to occur, to take place (intransitive verb: to come to pass)

• O acidente aconteceu ontem. (The accident happened yesterday.)

família [fɐˈmiʎɐ]

Family (noun [f]: a group of people related by blood)

• Ela vem de uma família grande. (She comes from a big family.)

tipo [ˈtʃipu]

Template, model (noun [m]: a standard or typical example)

• Este carro é o tipo ideal para cidade. (This car is the ideal model for the city.)

Type, embodiment (noun [m]: a representative of a class or group)

• Ele é o tipo do empresário bem-sucedido. (He is the embodiment of a successful businessman.)

Character, weirdo, oddball (noun [m], informal: an eccentric person)

• Aquele vizinho é um tipo estranho. (That neighbor is a weird character.)

Type, kind, sort (noun [m]: a category of things or people)

• Que tipo de música você prefere? (What type of music do you prefer?)

Category, grade (noun [m]: an indicator of quality)

• Este azeite é de primeiro tipo. (This olive oil is of the highest grade.)

presidente [pɾɨziˈdẽtɨ]

President (noun [m]: the head of state or leader of an organization)

• O presidente fez um discurso à nação. (The president gave a speech to the nation.)

mil [miɫ]

Thousand (numeral: the number 1,000)

• O estádio tem capacidade para vinte mil pessoas. (The stadium has a capacity of twenty thousand people.)

tratar [tɾɐˈtaɾ]

To treat (transitive verb: to provide care or medical attention)

• O médico tratou o paciente com antibióticos. (The doctor treated the patient with antibiotics.)

To deal with, to cover (transitive verb: to address or discuss a topic)

• O artigo trata da questão ambiental. (The article deals with the environmental issue.)

To agree (transitive verb: to come to an agreement)

• Eles trataram os termos do contrato. (They agreed on the terms of the contract.)

To deal with (verb expression: to interact with)

• Ela trata com os fornecedores diariamente. (She deals with the suppliers daily.)

To agree with (verb expression: to come to an agreement)

• Tratamos com eles um novo prazo de entrega. (We agreed with them on a new delivery deadline.)

To take treatment (reflexive verb: to receive medical care)

• Ele se trata contra a depressão há anos. (He has been taking treatment for depression for years.)

To take care of oneself (reflexive verb: to look after one’s own well-being)

• É importante se tratar bem e cuidar da saúde. (It’s important to take care of yourself and look after your health.)

enquanto [ẽˈkwɐ̃tu]

While, when (conjunction: during the time that)

• Ela estuda enquanto ouve música. (She studies while listening to music.)

While, whereas (conjunction: indicating contrast)

• Ele gosta de futebol, enquanto ela prefere vôlei. (He likes soccer, while she prefers volleyball.)

As (conjunction: in the role or capacity of)

• Enquanto professor, ele é muito respeitado. (As a teacher, he is highly respected.)

perder [peɾˈdeɾ]

To lose (transitive verb: to no longer have possession of something)

• Ela perdeu a carteira ontem. (She lost her wallet yesterday.)

To lose (transitive verb: to cease to have)

• Ele perdeu o interesse no projeto. (He lost interest in the project.)

To lose, to be deprived of (transitive verb: to be without something one previously had)

• Eles perderam o filho em um acidente. (They lost their son in an accident.)

To lose, to suffer the loss of (transitive verb: to experience loss or damage)

• A empresa perdeu muito dinheiro este ano. (The company lost a lot of money this year.)

To lose (transitive verb: to shed weight)

• Ela perdeu cinco quilos com a dieta. (She lost five kilos with the diet.)

To lose, to miss (transitive verb: to fail to take advantage of an opportunity)

• Não posso perder esta chance. (I can’t miss this chance.)

To fail (transitive verb: to be unsuccessful)

• Ele perdeu a prova por não estudar. (He failed the test for not studying.)

To lose (transitive verb: to be deprived of someone’s presence)

• Perdemos nosso avô no ano passado. (We lost our grandfather last year.)

To be lost, to get lost (reflexive verb: to disappear or go astray)

• Eles se perderam na floresta. (They got lost in the forest.)

To lose one’s senses (reflexive verb: to lose awareness or consciousness)

• Ela se perdeu após bater a cabeça. (She lost consciousness after hitting her head.)

To be disgraced, to lose one’s reputation (reflexive verb: to fall into disgrace)

• O político se perdeu em escândalos de corrupção. (The politician was disgraced by corruption scandals.)

To be lost (reflexive verb, Brazil, vulgar: to engage in prostitution or immoral behavior)

• Ela se perdeu nas drogas e na prostituição. (She was lost in drugs and prostitution.)

To fall silent, to stop (reflexive verb: to fade away, used for sounds)

• A música se perdeu ao longe. (The music faded away in the distance.)

achar [aˈʃaɾ]

To find, to locate, to come across, to discover (transitive verb: to discover or encounter by chance)

• Achei minhas chaves perdidas. (I found my lost keys.)

To think, to believe, to find, to consider, to suppose, to guess (transitive verb: to have an opinion)

• Acho que vai chover hoje. (I think it will rain today.)

To show off (reflexive verb, Brazil, slang: to act arrogantly)

• Ele se acha o melhor de todos. (He shows off thinking he’s the best of all.)

escrever [iskɾeˈveɾ]

To write (transitive verb: to communicate in writing)

• Ela escreveu uma carta para a amiga. (She wrote a letter to her friend.)

To write, to compose, to create (transitive verb: to produce a literary, scientific, or artistic work)

• Machado de Assis escreveu muitos romances. (Machado de Assis wrote many novels.)

To write down, to record (transitive verb: to put in writing)

• O secretário escreveu todas as decisões da reunião. (The secretary wrote down all the decisions from the meeting.)

To engrave, to carve (transitive verb: to cut letters or designs on a hard surface)

• Eles escreveram seus nomes na árvore. (They carved their names on the tree.)

To write (transitive verb: to send a letter or note)

• Vou escrever para meus pais. (I will write to my parents.)

To write (intransitive verb: to represent by writing)

• Ela escreve muito bem em inglês. (She writes very well in English.)

To write, to be a writer, to be an author (intransitive verb: to work as a writer)

• Meu sonho é escrever profissionalmente. (My dream is to write professionally.)

quatro [ˈkwatɾu]

Four (numeral: the number between 3 and 5)

• Ele tem quatro filhos. (He has four children.)

usar [uˈzaɾ]

To wear (transitive verb: to have on one’s body, especially clothes)

• Ela usa sempre roupas elegantes. (She always wears elegant clothes.)

To use (transitive verb: to employ habitually)

• Eles usam o carro para ir ao trabalho. (They use the car to go to work.)

To use (transitive verb: to make use of)

• Posso usar seu telefone? (Can I use your phone?)

To wear (transitive verb: to have on, especially clothes or accessories)

• Hoje ela está usando um vestido azul. (Today she is wearing a blue dress.)

To wear out, to wear (transitive verb: to damage or deteriorate with use)

• Ele usou tanto aquela camisa que ela rasgou. (He wore that shirt so much that it tore.)

único [ˈuniku]

Unique, sole, only (adjective: being the only one of its kind)

• Este é o único exemplar deste livro. (This is the only copy of this book.)

nenhum [nẽˈɲũ]

No, none (pronoun: not any)

• Nenhum dos alunos faltou à aula. (None of the students missed the class.)

No (pronoun: that which does not exist)

• Nenhum dinossauro vive hoje em dia. (No dinosaur lives nowadays.)

No one, no-one, nobody (pronoun: not anyone)

• Nenhum de nós sabe a resposta. (None of us knows the answer.)

Not one, one (pronoun: not a single person or thing)

• Não encontrei nenhum erro no texto. (I didn’t find one mistake in the text.)

At all, not at all, no, not (adverb: used to emphasize negation)

• Não gostei nenhum pouco da comida. (I didn’t like the food at all.)

contra [ˈkõtɾɐ]

Against, opposed to (preposition: in opposition or contrary to)

• Ele votou contra a proposta. (He voted against the proposal.)

Against, in disagreement with (preposition: not in accordance with)

• A decisão vai contra as normas da empresa. (The decision goes against the company’s rules.)

Against, into, facing (preposition: in the opposite direction of)

• Ele correu contra o vento. (He ran against the wind.)

Against, contrary (adverb: in opposition)

• Ela argumentou contra durante todo o debate. (She argued against throughout the debate.)

Drawback, cons, downside (noun [m]: a negative aspect of something)

• O contra deste apartamento é a falta de elevador. (The downside of this apartment is the lack of an elevator.)

Objection (noun [m]: a reason for disagreeing)

• Ele levantou um contra válido ao plano. (He raised a valid objection to the plan.)

real [ʁeˈaɫ]

Real (adjective: that which is part of reality)

• O filme é baseado em fatos reais. (The movie is based on real events.)

Royal (adjective: belonging to royalty)

• Ela é membro da família real. (She is a member of the royal family.)

Real, authentic, genuine (adjective: true, not fake)

• Este é um diamante real. (This is a genuine diamond.)

Real (noun [m]: the currency used in Brazil)

• O preço está em reais. (The price is in reals.)

palavra [pɐˈlavɾɐ]

Word (noun [f]: a single unit of language)

• Escreva uma palavra por linha. (Write one word per line.)

Word (noun [f]: a vocabulary item)

• Aprendi muitas palavras novas hoje. (I learned many new words today.)

Speech (noun [f]: the act of speaking)

• Ela perdeu a palavra por um momento. (She lost her speech for a moment.)

View, opinion (noun [f], figurative: an expression of opinion)

• Quero ouvir sua palavra sobre o assunto. (I want to hear your view on the subject.)

Word, affirmation, declaration (noun [f]: a statement)

• Ele não cumpriu sua palavra. (He didn’t keep his word.)

Word, talk, conversation (noun [f]: an exchange of words)

• Precisamos ter uma palavra em particular. (We need to have a word in private.)

Teaching, word (noun [f]: doctrine or instruction, often plural)

• As palavras do mestre são sábias. (The master’s teachings are wise.)

Word, promise, word of honour (noun [f]: a solemn pledge)

• Eu lhe dou minha palavra. (I give you my word.)

Word, speech, address (noun [f], figurative: a short discourse)

• O diretor fez uma palavra de agradecimento. (The director gave a word of thanks.)

Word of honour, promise (interjection: used as a guarantee)

• Palavra de honra, não conto a ninguém. (Word of honour, I won’t tell anyone.)

embora [ẽˈbɔɾɐ]

Although, even though, despite (conjunction: introducing a concession or contrast)

• Embora estivesse cansado, ele continuou trabalhando. (Although he was tired, he kept working.)

Away (adverb: indicating departure or withdrawal)

• Vá embora, não quero mais ver você. (Go away, I don’t want to see you anymore.)

Whatever! (interjection: expressing indifference)

• Embora, não me importo com o que você pensa. (Whatever, I don’t care what you think.)

diferente [difeˈɾẽtɨ]

Different, other, distinct, apart (adjective: not the same)

• Cada pessoa é diferente da outra. (Each person is different from the other.)

Different, changed, altered (adjective: modified)

• Ele está diferente depois da viagem. (He is different after the trip.)

Different, exceptional, special (adjective: unusual or outstanding)

• Ela tem um estilo diferente. (She has a unique style.)

Different, various, several (adjective: diverse)

• O mercado oferece diferentes opções. (The market offers various options.)

Estranged, distant (adjective, informal: having a strained relationship)

• Eles estão diferentes um com o outro. (They are estranged from each other.)

Some, various (plural noun [m]: indicating an unspecified number or amount)

• Diferentes opinaram sobre o assunto. (Some voiced their opinions on the subject.)

possível [poˈsiveɫ]

Possible, potential, feasible (adjective: capable of occurring)

• É possível que chova amanhã. (It’s possible that it will rain tomorrow.)

Possible, doable (adjective, colloquial: able to be done)

• Terminar o projeto hoje não é possível. (Finishing the project today is not possible.)

Possible, believable (adjective: credible or plausible)

• Sua história não me parece possível. (Your story doesn’t seem possible to me.)

importante [ĩpoɾˈtɐ̃tɨ]

Important, significant, relevant (adjective: of great value or consequence)

• A educação é importante para o futuro do país. (Education is important for the country’s future.)

Important, influential (adjective: having prestige or influence)

• Ela é uma figura importante na comunidade. (She is an influential figure in the community.)

Important, necessary (adjective: essential or indispensable)

• Água é importante para a sobrevivência. (Water is necessary for survival.)

mostrar [moʃˈtɾaɾ]

To show, to display, to exhibit (transitive verb: to present for viewing)

• Ele mostrou suas fotos de viagem. (He showed his travel photos.)

To show, to demonstrate (transitive verb: to make evident or prove)

• O estudo mostrou a eficácia do tratamento. (The study demonstrated the effectiveness of the treatment.)

To mean, to show, to indicate (transitive verb: to signify or suggest)

• Seu sorriso mostrou que estava feliz. (His smile indicated that he was happy.)

To display, to show off, to affect (transitive verb: to exhibit ostentatiously)

• Ela gosta de mostrar suas joias. (She likes to show off her jewelry.)

To show off (reflexive verb: to display oneself ostentatiously)

• Ele se mostra demais nas redes sociais. (He shows off too much on social media.)

To show oneself, to manifest oneself, to reveal oneself (reflexive verb: to make oneself known)

• A verdade sempre se mostra no final. (The truth always reveals itself in the end.)

To show signs of, to show evidence of, to betray, to reveal (reflexive verb, figurative: to exhibit indications of something)

• Ele se mostrou cansado durante a reunião. (He showed signs of fatigue during the meeting.)

social [sosiˈaɫ]

Social (adjective: relating to society)

• A desigualdade social é um problema grave. (Social inequality is a serious problem.)

ali [aˈli]

There (adverb: in, at, or to that place)

• O banco fica ali na esquina. (The bank is there on the corner.)

claro [ˈklaɾu]

Clear, bright, light (adjective: well-lit)

• O quarto é claro e arejado. (The room is bright and airy.)

Light, bright, light-colored, light-coloured (adjective: of a pale color)

• Ela prefere cores claras para a decoração. (She prefers light colors for the decor.)

Clear (adjective: free from clouds or mist, of weather)

• O céu está claro hoje. (The sky is clear today.)

Clear, limpid (adjective: transparent or unclouded)

• A água do lago é clara e cristalina. (The lake water is clear and crystalline.)

Clear (adjective, figurative: easy to understand)

• As instruções foram claras e diretas. (The instructions were clear and straightforward.)

Light, clear (adjective: of eyes, blue and green)

• Ela tem olhos claros e expressivos. (She has clear, expressive eyes.)

Clear, limpid, transparent (adjective: see-through)

• O vidro é claro e transparente. (The glass is clear and transparent.)

Clearly (adverb: in a clear manner)

• Ele explicou tudo muito claro. (He explained everything very clearly.)

Of course!, sure! (interjection: certainly)

• Claro que vou à festa! (Of course I’m going to the party!)

mão [mɐ̃w]

Hand (noun [f]: the end part of a person’s arm)

• Ela tem mãos delicadas. (She has delicate hands.)

Hand, forefoot, forepaw, front paw (noun [f]: the end part of a quadruped’s foreleg)

• O cachorro levantou a mão. (The dog raised its paw.)

Claw (noun [f]: the sharp, curved nail on a bird’s foot)

• A águia agarrou a presa com suas mãos. (The eagle grasped the prey with its claws.)

Handful (noun [f]: a small amount that can be held in one hand)

• Ele comeu uma mão de amendoins. (He ate a handful of peanuts.)

Power, authority, control (noun [f], figurative: the ability to make decisions)

• O projeto está nas mãos do gerente. (The project is in the manager’s hands.)

Direction, one-way traffic, uni-directional traffic, two-way traffic (noun [f], Brazil: the direction of traffic flow)

• Siga pela mão direita da rua. (Follow the right-hand side of the street.)

Coat (noun [f]: a layer of paint or varnish)

• Aplique duas mãos de tinta. (Apply two coats of paint.)

Hand, touch, style (noun [f], figurative: a way of doing something)

• O artista tem uma mão única. (The artist has a unique touch.)

Round (noun [f]: a sequence of cards dealt in a game)

• Quem ganhou a última mão? (Who won the last round?)

Hand (noun [f]: the set of cards held by a player)

• Ele tem uma boa mão neste jogo. (He has a good hand in this game.)

Skill, touch (noun [f], figurative: exceptional ability)

• O pianista tem uma mão incrível. (The pianist has an incredible touch.)

Hands (plural noun [f]: supervision or management)

• O restaurante está em boas mãos. (The restaurant is in good hands.)

Scorer (noun [f]: a basketball player who scores points)

• Ele é a melhor mão do time. (He is the best scorer on the team.)

logo [ˈloɡu]

Immediately, right away, at once (adverb: without delay)

• Precisamos agir logo. (We need to act immediately.)

Soon, presently (adverb: in the near future)

• Ela chegará logo. (She will arrive soon.)

Later, later on (adverb: at a subsequent time)

• Falamos sobre isso logo. (We’ll talk about it later.)

Exactly, precisely (adverb: just so)

• Era logo isso que eu queria dizer. (That’s exactly what I meant to say.)

Therefore, consequently, in consequence (conjunction: for that reason)

• Está chovendo, logo, não podemos sair. (It’s raining; therefore, we can’t go out.)

rio [ˈʁi.u]

River (noun [m]: a large natural stream of water)

• O rio Amazonas é o maior do mundo. (The Amazon River is the largest in the world.)

River, flood (noun [m], figurative: a large amount or flow of something)

• Ela chorou rios de lágrimas. (She cried rivers of tears.)

seguir [seˈɡiɾ]

To go with, to accompany (transitive verb: to move along with)

• Vou seguir você até o fim. (I will go with you to the end.)

To follow, to be guided by, to be influenced by (transitive verb, figurative: to be led intellectually)

• Ele segue os ensinamentos do mestre. (He follows the master’s teachings.)

To follow, to tail, to trail, to pursue (transitive verb: to track stealthily)

• O detetive seguiu o suspeito. (The detective tailed the suspect.)

To go toward, to go towards, to head to, to head for, to head toward, to head towards (transitive verb: to move in a certain direction)

• Siga em direção ao centro da cidade. (Head towards the city center.)

To keep on, to keep up, to continue (transitive verb, formal: to persist in doing)

• Ele segue trabalhando no projeto. (He keeps on working on the project.)

To continue (transitive verb: to proceed along a path)

• Siga em frente por dois quilômetros. (Continue straight for two kilometers.)

To follow (reflexive verb + preposition: to happen next)

• Ao discurso, seguiu-se um debate acalorado. (The speech was followed by a heated debate.)

situação [situɐˈsɐ̃w]

Situation, event, occurrence (noun [f]: something that happens)

• A situação ocorreu inesperadamente. (The situation occurred unexpectedly.)

Situation, state, condition, position (noun [f]: a set of circumstances)

• Ele está em uma situação difícil. (He is in a difficult situation.)

questão [keʃˈtɐ̃w]

Question, controversy, debate, dispute (noun [f]: a matter that is in doubt or under discussion)

• A questão gerou muita polêmica. (The question generated a lot of controversy.)

Matter, subject, question (noun [f]: a topic or issue for consideration)

• Precisamos discutir uma questão importante. (We need to discuss an important matter.)

Theme, topic, question, subject (noun [f]: a subject of discussion or debate)

• A desigualdade social é uma questão relevante. (Social inequality is a relevant topic.)

Problem, issue, conflict (noun [f]: a difficult situation or disagreement)

• Eles têm uma questão pessoal não resolvida. (They have an unresolved personal issue.)

Disagreement, row (noun [f]: a dispute or argument)

• Houve uma questão entre os sócios da empresa. (There was a disagreement among the company partners.)

procurer [pɾokuˈɾeɾ]

Procurer of [sth], agent, provider (noun [m], formal: a person who obtains something)

• Nossa empresa precisa de um novo procurer de importações baratas. (Our company needs a new procurer of cheap imports.)

Procurer, pimp, proxeneta (noun [m/f], formal: a person who solicits clients for prostitution)

• O procurer foi preso por exploração sexual. (The procurer was arrested for sexual exploitation.)

campo [ˈkɐ̃pu]

Area, field (noun [m]: an expanse of land)

• Eles compraram um campo para cultivar. (They bought a field to cultivate.)

Country, countryside (noun [m]: a rural area)

• Gosto de passar os fins de semana no campo. (I like to spend weekends in the countryside.)

Field, area (noun [m], figurative: an area of knowledge or expertise)

• Ela é especialista no campo da inteligência artificial. (She is an expert in the field of artificial intelligence.)

Field, area (noun [m], figurative: a subject or topic)

• Este livro abrange vários campos da ciência. (This book covers several areas of science.)

Course, golf course (noun [m]: a place for playing golf)

• Vamos jogar no campo de golfe amanhã. (Let’s play at the golf course tomorrow.)

Football pitch, football field, basketball court (noun [m]: a playing area for sports)

• O jogo será no campo do Maracanã. (The game will be at the Maracanã football field.)

Field, space (noun [m]: an area on a form or document)

• Preencha o campo com seu nome completo. (Fill in the field with your full name.)

Field of vision (noun [m]: the extent of eyesight)

• O objeto estava fora do meu campo de visão. (The object was outside my field of vision.)

Field of view, depth of field (noun [m]: the area captured by a camera)

• A câmera tem um campo de visão amplo. (The camera has a wide field of view.)

Field, area (noun [m], figurative: something that offers opportunities)

• A tecnologia é um campo promissor para investimentos. (Technology is a promising field for investments.)

através [ɐtɾɐˈvɛʃ]

Through, across (adverb, preposition: from one side to the other)

• Eles caminharam através do parque. (They walked through the park.)

tentar [tẽˈtaɾ]

To try, to attempt (transitive verb: to make an effort to do something)

• Ele tentou resolver o problema. (He tried to solve the problem.)

To try, to use, to employ (transitive verb: to use a method or means)

• Vamos tentar uma abordagem diferente. (Let’s try a different approach.)

To try, to test (transitive verb: to experiment or evaluate)

• Ela tentou a receita pela primeira vez. (She tried the recipe for the first time.)

To tempt, to entice, to seduce (transitive verb: to attract or allure)

• A vitrine tentava os consumidores com promoções. (The shop window tempted consumers with sales.)

To be tempted (intransitive verb: to be seduced or attracted)

• Ele tentou-se pela oferta tentadora. (He was tempted by the enticing offer.)

serviço [sɨɾˈvisu]

Work, job (noun [m]: employment or occupation)

• Ele conseguiu um novo serviço. (He got a new job.)

Duty, position, role (noun [m]: a function or responsibility)

• Seu serviço é atender os clientes. (His duty is to serve customers.)

Dishes, service (noun [m]: tableware used for serving food)

• O jantar foi servido em um belo serviço de porcelana. (Dinner was served on a beautiful porcelain service.)

Service (noun [m]: assistance or the act of serving)

• O restaurante oferece um serviço de excelência. (The restaurant offers excellent service.)

lei [lej]

Law (noun [f]: a rule or regulation)

• É importante respeitar as leis de trânsito. (It’s important to respect traffic laws.)

Law, principle (noun [f]: a fundamental truth or proposition)

• A lei da gravidade é universal. (The law of gravity is universal.)

Law, rule of law, the law (noun [f]: the system of rules that a country or community recognizes)

• Todos são iguais perante a lei. (Everyone is equal before the law.)

Law (noun [f]: a rule of legal value)

• A nova lei entra em vigor no próximo ano. (The new law comes into effect next year.)

Law, natural law (noun [f]: a rule or pattern in nature)

• A lei da oferta e da procura regula o mercado. (The law of supply and demand regulates the market.)

criança [kɾiˈɐ̃sɐ]

Child, kid, youngster (noun [f]: a young human being)

• As crianças estão brincando no parque. (The children are playing in the park.)

Child (noun [f], figurative: someone very young)

• Ela é uma criança prodígio. (She is a child prodigy.)

Child (noun [f], figurative: someone innocent or naive)

• Não seja tão criança, enfrente a realidade. (Don’t be such a child, face reality.)

Child, kid (noun [f]: one’s son or daughter)

• Eles têm três crianças. (They have three kids.)

Innocent, inexperienced (adjective: lacking experience or knowledge)

• Ela é muito criança para entender essas coisas. (She is too innocent to understand these things.)

Childish (adjective: behaving in an immature way)

• Não seja criança, aja como um adulto. (Don’t be childish, act like an adult.)

próximo [ˈpɾɔsimu]

Near, nearby, close (adjective: located a short distance away)

• A biblioteca fica próxima à minha casa. (The library is near my house.)

Next, following (adjective: coming immediately after)

• A próxima aula é de matemática. (The next class is math.)

Soon, near, close, imminent (adjective: about to happen)

• As férias estão próximas. (The holidays are near.)

Close, intimate (adjective: having a strong bond)

• Somos amigos próximos desde a infância. (We have been close friends since childhood.)

Similar, close (adjective: resembling or alike)

• Esses dois casos são próximos. (These two cases are similar.)

Next one, next (noun [m]: the one that follows)

• Quem é o próximo da fila? (Who is next in line?)

Fellow person, fellow human, neighbour, brother, sister (noun [m]: each human being)

• Devemos amar o nosso próximo. (We must love our fellow human.)

Near, nearby, close (adverb: a short distance away)

• O supermercado fica próximo daqui. (The supermarket is nearby.)

nacional [nɐsjuˈnaɫ]

National (adjective: relating to a nation)

• O hino nacional é cantado em eventos oficiais. (The national anthem is sung at official events.)

trazer [tɾɐˈzeɾ]

To bring, to get, to fetch (transitive verb: to carry something to the speaker)

• Pode trazer um copo d’água para mim? (Can you bring me a glass of water?)

To take, to bring (transitive verb: to transfer from one place to another)

• Ela trouxe o livro da biblioteca. (She brought the book from the library.)

To bring, to come with, to be accompanied by (transitive verb: to have with oneself)

• Ele trouxe a namorada para a festa. (He brought his girlfriend to the party.)

To wear, to have on (transitive verb: to be dressed in)

• Ela trazia um vestido azul na festa. (She wore a blue dress at the party.)

To bring, to lead to, to cause (transitive verb: to give rise to)

• A chuva trouxe alívio para a seca. (The rain brought relief to the drought.)

To bring up, to refer to (transitive verb: to make reference to)

• O professor trouxe um ponto interessante na aula. (The teacher brought up an interesting point in class.)

geral [ʒɨˈɾaɫ]

General (adjective: relating to the whole)

• A regra geral se aplica a todos os casos. (The general rule applies to all cases.)

General, universal, global (adjective: applicable everywhere)

• O aquecimento global é um problema geral. (Global warming is a universal problem.)

General, widespread, majority (adjective: affecting most people)

• A opinião geral é favorável à mudança. (The general opinion is favorable to the change.)

General, broad, abstract, generic (adjective: not specific or detailed)

• Ele deu uma resposta geral, sem entrar em detalhes. (He gave a general answer, without going into details.)

Majority (noun [m]: the greater part or number)

• A maioria dos alunos aprovou a ideia. (The majority of students approved the idea.)

Norm, average (noun [m]: the usual or typical state)

• Esse comportamento foge do geral. (This behavior deviates from the norm.)

General, universal (noun [m]: a broad or indefinite term)

• Ele falou em geral, sem especificar nada. (He spoke in general terms, without specifying anything.)

frente [ˈfɾẽtʃɨ]

Front (noun [f]: the foremost part or surface)

• A frente da casa está pintada de azul. (The front of the house is painted blue.)

Front (noun [f]: the forward line of a military unit)

• Os soldados avançaram para a frente de batalha. (The soldiers advanced to the front line.)

Front (noun [f]: a group of people with a common goal)

• O partido formou uma frente de oposição. (The party formed an opposition front.)

aparecer [ɐpɐɾeˈseɾ]

To appear, to show oneself (intransitive verb: to become visible)

• O sol apareceu depois da chuva. (The sun appeared after the rain.)

To appear, to turn up, to show up, to be there (intransitive verb: to be present at a place)

• Poucos alunos apareceram na aula hoje. (Few students showed up to class today.)

To appear, to be published, to be released (intransitive verb: to be issued or made available)

• O novo livro dela vai aparecer na próxima semana. (Her new book will be published next week.)

To appear, to show (intransitive verb: to present oneself)

• Ela apareceu na TV ontem à noite. (She appeared on TV last night.)

manter [mɐ̃ˈteɾ]

To keep, to maintain, to preserve, to conserve (transitive verb: to retain or continue having)

• É importante manter a calma em situações difíceis. (It’s important to keep calm in difficult situations.)

To keep, to support, to look after (transitive verb: to provide for)

• Ele trabalha para manter a família. (He works to support his family.)

To maintain, to insist, to affirm, to repeat (transitive verb: to assert or declare)

• Ela manteve sua posição durante o debate. (She maintained her position during the debate.)

To support oneself, to keep oneself (reflexive verb: to provide for oneself financially)

• Ela consegue se manter com o salário que ganha. (She can support herself with the salary she earns.)

To keep, to look after oneself, to keep oneself, to maintain oneself (reflexive verb: to take care of oneself)

• É importante manter-se saudável com uma boa alimentação. (It’s important to keep oneself healthy with a good diet.)

colocar [koluˈkaɾ]

To put, to place, to set (transitive verb: to put something in a specified location)

• Coloque o livro na estante. (Put the book on the shelf.)

To place, to get, to come (transitive verb: to achieve a rank in a competition)

• Ela colocou em segundo lugar na corrida. (She got second place in the race.)

To give work, to employ (transitive verb: to provide someone with a job)

• A empresa vai colocar novos funcionários. (The company will employ new staff.)

To find work, to get work (reflexive verb: to obtain a job)

• Ele está tentando se colocar no mercado de trabalho. (He is trying to find work in the job market.)

conta [ˈkõtɐ]

Count (noun [f]: the action of counting)

• Vamos fazer a conta dos votos. (Let’s do the vote count.)

Count, counting, tally, calculation, reckoning (noun [f]: an arithmetical operation)

• A conta final deu um resultado surpreendente. (The final tally gave a surprising result.)

Sum, total, price, tab, bill, check (noun [f]: the amount to be paid)

• A conta do jantar ficou cara. (The dinner bill was expensive.)

Account (noun [f]: a financial record)

• Ele verificou as contas da empresa. (He checked the company accounts.)

Account, bank account (noun [f]: an arrangement with a bank)

• Ela abriu uma nova conta no banco. (She opened a new bank account.)

Account, tab, bill, check (noun [f]: a customer’s debt)

• Ele pagou sua conta no bar. (He paid his tab at the bar.)

Bead, rosary, rosary beads (noun [f]: a small piece in a rosary)

• O terço tem cinquenta contas. (The rosary has fifty beads.)

Account, contract (noun [f]: an advertising agreement)

• A agência ganhou uma nova conta de um grande cliente. (The agency got a new account from a big client.)

Account (noun [f]: a virtual contract)

• Não consigo acessar minha conta no site. (I can’t access my account on the website.)

Responsibility, account (noun [f], figurative: a duty or obligation)

• Isso é por sua própria conta e risco. (That’s on your own account.)

pedir [pɨˈdiɾ]

To beg, to implore (transitive verb: to ask for something humbly or earnestly)

• O mendigo pediu uma moeda aos transeuntes. (The beggar begged the passers-by for a coin.)

To demand (transitive verb: to ask for something forcefully or insistently)

• Os trabalhadores pediram melhores condições de trabalho. (The workers demanded better working conditions.)

To ask for, to request, to solicit (transitive verb: to express a desire for something)

• Ela pediu um copo de água ao garçom. (She asked the waiter for a glass of water.)

To ask in marriage, to propose (transitive verb: to request someone’s hand in marriage)

• Ele pediu a namorada em casamento. (He proposed to his girlfriend.)

To ask, to implore, to beg (intransitive verb: to make requests or pleas)

• Ele pediu por ajuda, mas ninguém o ouviu. (He begged for help, but no one heard him.)

To pray (intransitive verb: to make a request to God)

• Os fiéis pediram por paz e harmonia. (The faithful prayed for peace and harmony.)

To intercede, to solicit (transitive verb: to make a request on behalf of someone else)

• O advogado pediu clemência para o réu. (The lawyer solicited leniency for the defendant.)

To ask, to want (transitive verb: to set as a price)

• O vendedor pediu um preço exorbitante pelo quadro. (The seller asked an exorbitant price for the painting.)

cinco [ˈsĩku]

Five (adjective: the cardinal number 5)

• Ele comprou cinco maçãs no mercado. (He bought five apples at the market.)

Five (noun: the number 5)

• O número da sorte dela é o cinco. (Her lucky number is five.)

escola [ʃˈkɔlɐ]

School, academy (noun [f]: an institution for education)

• Ela estuda em uma escola particular. (She studies at a private school.)

School, schoolhouse, college (noun [f]: the physical space of an educational institution)

• A escola fica no final da rua. (The school is at the end of the street.)

Faculty, school, department (noun [f]: a group of teachers)

• A escola de medicina é muito conceituada. (The medical school is highly respected.)

School, school of thought (noun [f]: a particular way of thinking)

• Ele pertence à escola filosófica do existencialismo. (He belongs to the existentialist school of philosophy.)

School (noun [f]: a specific doctrine or approach)

• A escola de samba apresentou um belo desfile. (The samba school presented a beautiful parade.)

verdade [vɨɾˈdadɨ]

Truth, reality, fact, veracity (noun [f]: the quality of being true)

• Ele sempre fala a verdade. (He always tells the truth.)

Fidelity, truth, exactitude (noun [f]: accuracy or faithfulness, as in a photo or description)

• O retrato reproduziu sua imagem com verdade. (The portrait reproduced his image with fidelity.)

Sincerity, good faith (noun [f]: honesty and truthfulness)

• Ele agiu com verdade e transparência. (He acted with sincerity and transparency.)

Truth, certainty (noun [f]: an unquestionable proposition)

• É uma verdade universalmente reconhecida. (It is a universally acknowledged truth.)

Nature, character (noun [f], figurative: one’s true character or disposition)

• A verdade do seu coração é a generosidade. (The truth of his heart is generosity.)

corpo [ˈkoɾpu]

Body (noun [m]: the physical structure of a human, in anatomy)

• Ele tem um corpo atlético. (He has an athletic body.)

Body, dead body, corpse (noun [m]: a dead person)

• O corpo foi encontrado no rio. (The body was found in the river.)

Body (noun [m]: a material object)

• A água e o azeite não se misturam porque têm corpos diferentes. (Water and oil don’t mix because they have different bodies.)

Body, staff (noun [m]: a group of professionals)

• O corpo docente da universidade é excelente. (The university’s faculty is excellent.)

morrer [muˈʁeɾ]

To die, to pass away (intransitive verb: to stop living)

• O avô morreu de causas naturais. (Grandfather died of natural causes.)

To die, to end (intransitive verb, figurative: to come to an end)

• As esperanças morreram com a notícia. (Hopes died with the news.)

To die, to fail (intransitive verb, figurative: to not thrive or succeed)

• O projeto morreu por falta de investimento. (The project died for lack of investment.)

To die of, to die with (transitive verb, figurative: to feel something intensely)

• Ele morre de saudades da família. (He is dying of longing for his family.)

To die for (transitive verb, figurative: to feel intense passion for something)

• Ela morre por chocolates. (She is dying for chocolates.)

To die, to fade, to dim (intransitive verb, figurative: to lose brightness or intensity)

• O fogo morreu lentamente. (The fire died slowly.)

guerra [ˈɡɛʁɐ]

War, battle, struggle (noun [f]: an armed conflict or fight)

• A guerra causou muitas mortes e destruição. (The war caused many deaths and destruction.)

War, conflict (noun [f]: a state of hostility between countries)

• Os dois países estão em guerra há anos. (The two countries have been at war for years.)

música [ˈmuzikɐ]

Music (noun [f]: a harmonious combination of sounds)

• Ele ouviu uma bela música no rádio. (He heard beautiful music on the radio.)

Music (noun [f]: the art of combining sounds in a pleasing way)

• Ela estuda música desde criança. (She has been studying music since childhood.)

Music, musical notation, sheet music (noun [f]: written notation of musical compositions)

• O pianista leu a música antes de tocar. (The pianist read the sheet music before playing.)

região [ʁɨʒiˈɐ̃w]

Region (noun [f]: a defined area or part of the world)

• O Alentejo é uma região de Portugal. (Alentejo is a region of Portugal.)

baixo [ˈbajʃu]

Short, low (adjective: small in stature, of a person)

• Ele é mais baixo do que a média. (He is shorter than average.)

Low (adjective: close to the ground)

• A cerca é muito baixa. (The fence is very low.)

Downward, low, lower (adjective: directed toward the ground)

• Ela manteve o olhar baixo durante a conversa. (She kept her gaze downward during the conversation.)

Low, quiet (adjective: not loud, of sound or volume)

• Ele falou em voz baixa para não incomodar. (He spoke in a low voice to avoid disturbing others.)

Low, base, abject (adjective: unworthy or despicable)

• Foi um ato baixo e covarde. (It was a low and cowardly act.)

Low-price, cheap (adjective: inexpensive or of low cost)

• Comprei o livro por um preço baixo. (I bought the book at a low price.)

Bass (noun [m]: the lowest adult male singing voice)

• Ele canta com uma voz de baixo profunda. (He sings with a deep bass voice.)

Bass (noun [m]: a musical instrument that produces low notes)

• O baixo marcou o ritmo da música. (The bass set the rhythm of the music.)

professor [pɾufɨˈsoɾ]

Teacher (noun [m]: an educator, one who teaches)

• O professor ensinou a matéria com clareza. (The teacher taught the subject clearly.)

Teaching, academic (adjective: related to teaching or education)

• Ele segue a carreira professor. (He follows an academic career.)

Professor (noun [m]: one who holds an academic degree)

• Ela é professor de história na universidade. (She is a professor of history at the university.)

longo [ˈlõɡu]

Long, lengthy (adjective: having a great distance or duration)

• A estrada é longa e sinuosa. (The road is long and winding.)

Long (adjective: extending a great distance)

• Ele percorreu um caminho longo. (He traveled a long path.)

Long (adjective: lasting a great amount of time)

• A reunião foi longa e cansativa. (The meeting was long and tiring.)

Long (noun [m]: length or extent)

• O longo da corda é de 10 metros. (The length of the rope is 10 meters.)

Long dress, maxidress (noun [m]: a long garment worn by women)

• Ela usava um longo vermelho na festa. (She wore a red long dress at the party.)

For a long time, slowly (adverb: indicating a prolonged duration)

• Eles conversaram longo sobre o assunto. (They talked at length about the subject.)

ação [aˈsɐ̃w]

Action (noun [f]: the result of acting or doing something)

• A ação do governo gerou controvérsia. (The government’s action generated controversy.)

Action, influence, effect (noun [f]: the way something affects something else)

• A ação do remédio é rápida. (The action of the medicine is fast.)

Action, measure, step (noun [f]: a plan or course of action)

• Eles tomaram ações para resolver o problema. (They took steps to solve the problem.)

Action, share (noun [f], financial: a unit of ownership in a company)

• Ele comprou ações da empresa. (He bought shares of the company.)

Action (noun [f], legal: a lawsuit or legal proceeding)

• Ele moveu uma ação contra a empresa. (He filed an action against the company.)

entender [ẽtẽˈdeɾ]

To understand, to comprehend (transitive verb: to grasp the meaning of)

• Eu entendi o que você quis dizer. (I understood what you meant.)

To understand, to conclude, to deduce, to infer (transitive verb: to derive by reasoning)

• Pelo que entendi, ele não virá. (From what I understood, he won’t come.)

To understand, to know, to know about (transitive verb: to have knowledge of)

• Ele entende muito de computadores. (He knows a lot about computers.)

To think, to believe (transitive verb: to consider or regard)

• Eu entendo que você tem razão. (I believe you are right.)

To hear, to catch (transitive verb, informal: to perceive by the sense of hearing)

• Você entendeu o que eu disse? (Did you hear what I said?)

To occupy yourself, to entertain yourself, to amuse yourself, to busy yourself (reflexive verb: to engage in an activity)

• Ele entende-se com jogos eletrônicos. (He amuses himself with video games.)

To understand one another, to come to an understanding, to come to an agreement, to agree (reflexive verb: to communicate effectively)

• Eles entendem-se bem. (They understand each other well.)

movimento [muvimẽtu]

Movement (noun [m]: the act of moving)

• O movimento dos atletas é preciso. (The movement of the athletes is precise.)

Move, displacement (noun [m]: a change of position)

• O movimento das peças no tabuleiro é estratégico. (The movement of the pieces on the board is strategic.)

Movement (noun [m]: a manner of moving)

• A dança tem movimentos graciosos. (The dance has graceful movements.)

Commotion, unrest, agitation, disturbance (noun [m]: a state of agitation or excitement)

• Houve um movimento de protesto na praça. (There was a protest movement in the square.)

Movement (noun [m]: a self-contained section of a musical composition)

• A sinfonia tem quatro movimentos. (The symphony has four movements.)

Movement (noun [m]: an organized effort by people with a common goal)

• O movimento ambientalista ganhou força. (The environmental movement gained strength.)

Movement (noun [m]: the apparent motion of celestial bodies)

• Copérnico estudou o movimento dos planetas. (Copernicus studied the movement of the planets.)

branco [ˈbɾɐ̃ku]

White (noun [m]: the color of snow)

• O branco reflete a luz. (White reflects light.)

White (adjective: of the color of snow)

• Ela vestia uma camisa branca. (She wore a white shirt.)

White, pale, pallid, livid (adjective, figurative: lacking color)

• Seu rosto ficou branco de medo. (His face turned white with fear.)

Pale-skinned, pale, wan (adjective: having a light complexion)

• Os nórdicos geralmente são brancos. (Nordics are usually pale-skinned.)

processo [pɾuˈsesu]

Process (noun [m]: a series of actions or steps)

• O processo de fabricação é automatizado. (The manufacturing process is automated.)

Process, evolution (noun [m]: gradual development)

• O aprendizado é um processo contínuo. (Learning is a continuous process.)

Case, action, lawsuit, trial (noun [m], legal: a judicial proceeding)

• O processo está em andamento. (The lawsuit is ongoing.)

File, record, papers (noun [m], legal: a collection of documents related to a lawsuit)

• O advogado analisou o processo. (The lawyer analyzed the case file.)

Process, procedure, method (noun [m]: a particular way of doing something)

• Eles seguiram o processo padrão. (They followed the standard procedure.)

Bone process, process, outgrowth (noun [m], anatomy: a prominence on a bone)

• O processo ósseo está inflamado. (The bone process is inflamed.)

File, record (noun [m]: a collection of documents or data)

• O processo do paciente está completo. (The patient’s record is complete.)

Process (noun [m], anatomy: an outgrowth or projection)

• O processo espinhoso da vértebra é proeminente. (The spinous process of the vertebra is prominent.)

Chemical process (noun [m]: a series of chemical reactions)

• A fotossíntese é um processo químico. (Photosynthesis is a chemical process.)

ganhar [ɡɐˈɲaɾ]

To earn, to earn money (transitive verb: to gain through work)

• Ele ganha a vida como professor. (He earns his living as a teacher.)

To win, to conquer (transitive verb: to gain by effort)

• O exército ganhou a batalha. (The army won the battle.)

To win, to beat, to defeat (transitive verb: to be victorious in a competition)

• O time ganhou o campeonato. (The team won the championship.)

To gain, to receive, to get (transitive verb: to come to have)

• Ela ganhou um presente de aniversário. (She received a birthday present.)

To win, to obtain, to achieve, to attain (transitive verb: to secure as a result of effort)

• Ele ganhou o respeito de todos. (He won everyone’s respect.)

To win, to gain, to grow (transitive verb: to increase or develop)

• A planta ganhou várias folhas. (The plant grew several leaves.)

To gain, to win, to progress (transitive verb: to move forward)

• O projeto ganhou impulso. (The project gained momentum.)

To earn, to win (transitive verb: to reach or arrive at)

• Eles ganharam a linha de chegada. (They reached the finish line.)

To profit, to earn a profit, to make a profit, to gain an advantage (intransitive verb: to obtain a financial or strategic advantage)

• A empresa ganhou muito este ano. (The company profited a lot this year.)

To win (intransitive verb: to be victorious)

• O candidato ganhou as eleições. (The candidate won the election.)

arte [ˈaɾtɨ]

Art, artistry (noun [f]: creative skill or ability)

• A arte de escrever requer talento. (The art of writing requires talent.)

Art, patrimony (noun [f]: the works produced by artists)

• O museu tem uma vasta coleção de arte. (The museum has a vast art collection.)

Art, talent, skill (noun [f]: a natural aptitude or acquired ability)

• Ela tem a arte de convencer as pessoas. (She has the art of convincing people.)

Trick (noun [f], Brazil, figurative: a mischievous or playful act)

• Ele está sempre fazendo arte. (He’s always playing tricks.)

papel [pɐˈpɛɫ]

Paper (noun [m]: a thin material made from wood pulp)

• Ele escreveu a carta em papel reciclado. (He wrote the letter on recycled paper.)

Document, paper, page (noun [m]: a written or printed sheet)

• Ela organizou os papéis na pasta. (She organized the papers in the folder.)

Role, function, job (noun [m]: a part played by a person or thing)

• O papel do professor é ensinar. (The teacher’s role is to teach.)

Role, character (noun [m]: a character played by an actor)

• Ele interpretou o papel principal na peça. (He played the main role in the play.)

Job, role, task, duty (noun [m]: a moral or legal obligation)

• É seu papel cuidar das crianças. (It’s your duty to take care of the children.)

Role, part (noun [m]: a person’s behavior in a particular situation)

• Ele sempre faz o papel de engraçado nas festas. (He always plays the role of the funny guy at parties.)

Paper money (noun [m]: currency made of paper)

• Ele pagou a conta com papel-moeda. (He paid the bill with paper money.)

Note, title (noun [m], economic, financial: a document representing a monetary value)

• Ele investiu em papéis do governo. (He invested in government notes.)

sim [sĩ]

Yes, yeah, yea (adverb: expressing agreement or affirmation)

• Sim, eu concordo com você. (Yes, I agree with you.)

Yes, consent, confirmation (noun [m]: the act of agreeing or affirming)

• Ele deu o seu sim para a proposta. (He gave his consent to the proposal.)

esperar [ʃpɨˈɾaɾ]

To wait for, to await, to expect (transitive verb: to stay in place until someone or something arrives)

• Vou esperar o autocarro. (I will wait for the bus.)

To hope for (transitive verb: to wish for something desired or promised)

• Ela espera uma promoção no trabalho. (She hopes for a promotion at work.)

To hope for (transitive verb: to wish for a miracle or something unlikely)

• Eles esperam um milagre. (They hope for a miracle.)

To hope, to wait (intransitive verb: to be in a state of expectation)

• Espero que tudo corra bem. (I hope everything goes well.)

To believe, to have faith (intransitive verb: to trust or have confidence)

• Espero em Deus. (I believe in God.)

fundo [ˈfũdu]

Bottom, depths (noun [m]: the lowest or deepest part)

• O tesouro está no fundo do mar. (The treasure is at the bottom of the sea.)

Bottom, bed (noun [m]: the ground under a body of water)

• Os peixes nadam perto do fundo do lago. (The fish swim near the bottom of the lake.)

Heart, soul, core (noun [m], figurative: the essence or deepest part of one’s being)

• Ele é bom no fundo do coração. (He is good at heart.)

Deep (adjective: extending far down from the surface)

• O poço é muito fundo. (The well is very deep.)

Deep-rooted, deep-seated (adjective, figurative: firmly established or deeply ingrained)

• Eles têm um ódio fundo um pelo outro. (They have a deep-seated hatred for each other.)

Profound, deep (adjective, figurative: coming from the depths of one’s soul)

• Ela expressou uma tristeza funda. (She expressed a profound sadness.)

senhor [sɨˈɲoɾ]

Senior, older man, old man (noun [m]: an elderly man)

• O senhor sentado no banco parece cansado. (The old man sitting on the bench looks tired.)

Owner, landlord (noun [m]: a person who owns property)

• O senhor do apartamento aumentou a renda. (The landlord increased the rent.)

Sir, mister, Sir, Master (pronoun: a respectful title or form of address for a man)

• Com licença, senhor, pode me dizer as horas? (Excuse me, sir, can you tell me the time?)

Imposing, distinguished, lordly, excellent (adjective: commanding respect or grandeur)

• Ele tem uma presença senhorial. (He has a distinguished presence.)

número [ˈnumɨɾu]

Number (noun [m]: a symbol or word used to count or calculate)

• Escreva o número sete. (Write the number seven.)

Number, edition (noun [m]: one of a series in a collection)

• Este é o número mais recente da revista. (This is the latest edition of the magazine.)

Number, total, figure, quantity (noun [m]: an amount or sum)

• Um grande número de pessoas compareceu ao evento. (A large number of people attended the event.)

definir [dɨfɨˈniɾ]

To define, to reveal, to explain (transitive verb: to state the meaning of)

• Ela definiu o termo claramente. (She defined the term clearly.)

To define, to determine, to fix, to establish (transitive verb: to set limits or boundaries)

• O contrato define os termos do acordo. (The contract defines the terms of the agreement.)

To decide, to decide on, to choose, to select (reflexive verb: to make a choice)

• Ela definiu-se pelo vestido azul. (She decided on the blue dress.)

To declare oneself, to express oneself, to declare (reflexive verb: to make one’s position known)

• Ele definiu-se contra a proposta. (He declared himself against the proposal.)

tarde [ˈtaɾdɨ]

Afternoon (noun [f]: the period between noon and evening)

• Vamos ao cinema à tarde. (Let’s go to the movies in the afternoon.)

Late, tardy (adjective: after the expected or usual time)

• O comboio está tarde. (The train is late.)

Late (adjective: at an advanced hour)

• Chegámos tarde a casa ontem. (We arrived home late yesterday.)

abrir [ɐˈbɾiɾ]

To open, to unseal (transitive verb: to move something to an open position)

• Ele abriu a caixa de presentes. (He opened the gift box.)

To open, to crack open (transitive verb: to move a door or window to an open position)

• Abra a porta, por favor. (Open the door, please.)

To turn on, to light, to start (transitive verb: to cause a device or machine to start functioning)

• Ela abriu a torneira para lavar as mãos. (She turned on the tap to wash her hands.)

To incise, to cut (transitive verb: to make a surgical incision)

• O cirurgião abriu o abdómen do paciente. (The surgeon cut open the patient’s abdomen.)

To open, to unwrap, to unseal, to tear open (transitive verb: to remove wrapping or packaging)

• Ela abriu o envelope com cuidado. (She carefully opened the envelope.)

To reveal, to open up (transitive verb, figurative: to disclose or make known)

• Ele abriu o seu coração para mim. (He opened up his heart to me.)

To open, to bloom, to blossom (intransitive verb: to unfold, as a flower)

• As flores abriram na primavera. (The flowers bloomed in spring.)

To tear, to rip, to split (reflexive verb: to become torn or split apart)

• O tecido abriu-se nas costuras. (The fabric split at the seams.)

To open up (reflexive verb: to become available for use)

• O parque abriu-se ao público. (The park opened up to the public.)

sociedade [susiɨˈdadɨ]

Society (noun [f]: a community or group of people)

• A sociedade moderna enfrenta muitos desafios. (Modern society faces many challenges.)

povo [ˈpovu]

People (noun [m]: the citizens of a country)

• O povo português é conhecido pela sua hospitalidade. (The Portuguese people are known for their hospitality.)

People, inhabitants (noun [m]: the residents of a region)

• O povo desta aldeia é muito acolhedor. (The people of this village are very welcoming.)

People, race (noun [m]: a group with a common cultural heritage)

• Os ciganos são um povo nómada. (The Romani are a nomadic people.)

Crowd, group (noun [m]: a large gathering of people)

• Um grande povo reuniu-se na praça. (A large crowd gathered in the square.)

The poor, the people, the masses (noun [m]: the less privileged members of society)

• O governo deve ouvir a voz do povo. (The government should listen to the voice of the people.)

Locality, place (noun [m]: a small town or village)

• Ele vive num povo remoto. (He lives in a remote locality.)

Folks (noun [m], informal: one’s family or relatives)

• Vou visitar o meu povo no Natal. (I’m going to visit my folks at Christmas.)

forte [ˈfɔɾtɨ]

Strong (adjective: having great physical power or strength)

• Ele é um homem forte e saudável. (He is a strong and healthy man.)

Brave, courageous, mighty (adjective: having or showing mental or moral strength)

• Os soldados foram fortes na batalha. (The soldiers were brave in battle.)

Strong, intense, powerful (adjective: having great intensity or force)

• O vento está forte hoje. (The wind is strong today.)

Strong, potent (adjective: having a high alcoholic content)

• Este licor é muito forte. (This liquor is very strong.)

Warm, hearty (adjective: having or showing enthusiasm or warmth)

• Recebemos um forte aplauso no final da apresentação. (We received a hearty applause at the end of the presentation.)

Strong, stable, durable (adjective: not easily broken or damaged)

• Esta mesa é feita de madeira forte. (This table is made of strong wood.)

Forceful, strong (adjective: having a powerful or assertive personality)

• Ela é uma líder forte e carismática. (She is a strong and charismatic leader.)

cabeça [kɐˈbesɐ]

Head (noun [f]: the uppermost part of the body)

• Ela bateu com a cabeça na porta. (She hit her head on the door.)

Beginning, start, head, heading (noun [f]: the start or front of something)

• O título está na cabeça do documento. (The title is at the head of the document.)

Top, head (noun [f]: the uppermost part of an object)

• A bola está na cabeça da lista. (The ball is at the top of the list.)

Head (noun [f]: the front or leading position)

• Ele está na cabeça da fila. (He is at the head of the queue.)

Head, head count (noun [f]: a unit in counting people or animals)

• A empresa tem uma equipa de 50 cabeças. (The company has a team of 50 heads.)

Head (noun [f]: a single animal, as a unit)

• O rebanho tem 100 cabeças de gado. (The herd has 100 head of cattle.)

Capital, seat, county seat (noun [f]: the principal town or city of a region)

• Lisboa é a cabeça do distrito. (Lisbon is the capital of the district.)

All in the head (expression, figurative: in one’s imagination)

• Os seus medos são apenas cabeça. (His fears are all in the head.)

altura [aɫˈtuɾɐ]

Height, tallness (noun [f]: the measurement of vertical distance)

• Ele impressiona pela sua altura. (He impresses with his height.)

Height, high place, altitude, depth (noun [f]: a position high above the ground)

• O avião voa a uma grande altura. (The plane flies at a great height.)

Point, spot, place, location (noun [f]: a particular position or site)

• Paramos numa altura com vista para o mar. (We stopped at a spot overlooking the sea.)

Time, period of time, point in time, occasion, moment (noun [f]: a particular time or stage)

• Naquela altura, eu ainda era estudante. (At that time, I was still a student.)

Frequency, pitch (noun [f]: the degree of elevation of sound or vibration)

• O soprano atinge alturas incríveis. (The soprano reaches incredible pitches.)

volta [ˈvɔɫtɐ]

Return, returning, turn, turning (noun [f]: the act of coming back)

• Aguardo a sua volta com ansiedade. (I await your return with anticipation.)

Return (noun [f]: the act of going back to a place)

• A volta a casa foi cansativa. (The return home was tiring.)

Round, circle, lap, circuit (noun [f]: a circular or curved course)

• Ele deu uma volta completa no parque. (He made a full round in the park.)

Turn (noun [f]: each complete rotation of a spiral)

• O parafuso deu três voltas. (The screw made three turns.)

Walk (noun [f]: a short leisurely journey on foot)

• Vamos dar uma volta pelo bairro. (Let’s take a walk around the neighborhood.)

Round, lap, route, circuit (noun [f]: a regular journey or circuit)

• O carteiro faz a sua volta diária. (The postman does his daily round.)

Round, cycle (noun [f]: the time taken to complete a regularly repeated sequence of events)

• A máquina de lavar faz uma volta em 30 minutos. (The washing machine does a cycle in 30 minutes.)

Remembrance, recollection (noun [f]: the act of remembering)

• Aquela canção traz-me voltas ao passado. (That song brings me remembrances of the past.)

Punishment, payback (noun [f], figurative: an act of retaliation)

• Ele jurou volta contra os inimigos. (He swore payback against his enemies.)

condição [kõdiˈsɐ̃w]

Condition, state, situation (noun [f]: the particular mode of being of a person or thing)

• O paciente está em condição estável. (The patient is in stable condition.)

Status, social status, position, place, condition (noun [f]: a person’s social or professional standing)

• Ele ascendeu à condição de líder. (He rose to the status of leader.)

Condition (noun [f]: something essential to the existence of something else)

• A pontualidade é condição para o sucesso. (Punctuality is a condition for success.)

apesar [ɐpɨˈzaɾ]

Despite, in spite of, regardless (preposition: without being affected by something)

• Apesar da chuva, fomos passear. (Despite the rain, we went for a walk.)

valor [vɐˈloɾ]

Value, price, cost (noun [m]: the monetary worth of something)

• O valor do imóvel subiu muito. (The value of the property has risen a lot.)

Valor, valour, courage, bravery (noun [m], figurative: strength of mind or spirit)

• Os soldados lutaram com grande valor. (The soldiers fought with great valor.)

Fortune, high value (noun [m], figurative: a large sum of money)

• Ele gastou um valor numa casa nova. (He spent a fortune on a new house.)

Value, sum, total (noun [m]: the result of an addition or estimation)

• O valor da fatura está correto. (The sum on the invoice is correct.)

Value (noun [m]: the importance or significance of something)

• Reconheço o valor da sua contribuição. (I recognize the value of your contribution.)

Value, worth, importance (noun [m]: the regard that something is held to deserve)

• Ele dá muito valor à família. (He places great worth on family.)

mãe [mɐ̃j]

Mother (noun [f]: a woman who gives birth)

• A minha mãe é a pessoa mais importante da minha vida. (My mother is the most important person in my life.)

Mother, dam (noun [f]: a female animal that has given birth)

• A mãe dos cachorrinhos é muito protetora. (The mother of the puppies is very protective.)

Mother, like a mother (noun [f], figurative: someone very dedicated)

• Ela é uma verdadeira mãe para os alunos. (She is a true mother to the students.)

Mother, cradle (noun [f], figurative: the origin or source of something)

• A Grécia é considerada a mãe da democracia. (Greece is considered the mother of democracy.)

Mother, source, origin (noun [f], figurative: the origin of all)

• A natureza é a mãe de todas as coisas. (Nature is the mother of all things.)

Riverbed (noun [f]: the bed of a river)

• O rio secou, deixando a mãe à vista. (The river dried up, leaving the riverbed exposed.)

server

Servidor (noun [m], computing: the main computer in a network)

• O departamento de TI está a tentar resolver um problema com o server.[/azuretts] (The IT department is trying to fix a problem with the server.)

Atendente, garçom, empregado de mesa, criado (noun [m/f], Brazil: a waiter or waitress)

• Gostámos muito da refeição e deixámos uma gorjeta para o nosso server.[/azuretts] (We really enjoyed our meal and we left a tip for our server.)

Sacador, servidor (noun [m], Brazil/Portugal, sports: the player who serves first in tennis)

• O server agarrou firmemente a raquete, lançou a bola no ar e bateu-a com força.[/azuretts] (The server gripped her racket firmly, tossed the ball in the air, and struck it hard.)

pagar [pɐˈɡaɾ]

To pay, to compensate, to recompense (transitive verb: to give money in exchange for goods or services)

• Ele pagou a conta do jantar. (He paid the dinner bill.)

To pay, to repay, to pay back (transitive verb: to give money to settle a debt)

• Vou pagar o empréstimo em prestações mensais. (I will pay the loan in monthly installments.)

To fulfill, to fulfil, to keep (transitive verb: to carry out a promise)

• Ele pagou a promessa que fez. (He kept the promise he made.)

To pay, to pay back (transitive verb: to reciprocate or return in kind)

• Ela pagou o favor ajudando-o quando precisou. (She paid back the favor by helping him when he needed it.)

To pay (transitive verb: to receive punishment or consequences)

• Ele vai pagar pelos seus crimes. (He will pay for his crimes.)

To cover, to compensate, to pay back (transitive verb: to make up for or compensate)

• O seguro vai pagar os danos causados pelo acidente. (The insurance will cover the damages caused by the accident.)

causa [ˈkawzɐ]

Cause (noun [f]: the reason or motive for an action)

• A causa do acidente ainda está sendo investigada. (The cause of the accident is still being investigated.)

Cause (noun [f]: the agent or thing that produces an effect)

• O tabaco é uma das principais causas de câncer de pulmão. (Tobacco is one of the main causes of lung cancer.)

Cause (noun [f]: a principle or interest that someone supports)

• Ela luta pela causa dos direitos humanos. (She fights for the cause of human rights.)

antigo [ɐ̃ˈtiɡu]

Old, ancient, antique (adjective: existing for a long time in the past)

• Visitámos um castelo antigo durante a viagem. (We visited an ancient castle during the trip.)

Old, old-fashioned, outdated, antiquated (adjective: no longer current or fashionable)

• Ele tem ideias muito antigas sobre o papel da mulher na sociedade. (He has very outdated ideas about the role of women in society.)

maneira [mɐˈnejɾɐ]

Manner, way (noun [f]: a particular way of doing something)

• Ela tem uma maneira única de ver o mundo. (She has a unique way of seeing the world.)

Style, manner (noun [f]: a distinctive style in art or fashion)

• O pintor é conhecido pela sua maneira impressionista. (The painter is known for his impressionist style.)

Look, appearance (noun [f]: the outward appearance or aspect of someone or something)

• Gosto da maneira como ela se veste. (I like the way she dresses.)

Chance, opportunity, possibility, occasion (noun [f]: a favorable or appropriate time)

• Tive a maneira de viajar para o estrangeiro. (I had the opportunity to travel abroad.)

Manner (noun [f]: polite or well-bred social behavior)

• Ele sempre trata todos com maneira. (He always treats everyone with good manners.)

humano [uˈmɐnu]

Human (adjective: relating to or characteristic of people)

• O corpo humano é uma máquina incrível. (The human body is an incredible machine.)

sentido [sẽˈtidu]

Direction (noun [m]: the course or line along which something moves)

• Seguimos no sentido norte. (We went in a northerly direction.)

Hurt, offended, aggrieved (adjective: feeling emotional pain or distress)

• Ela ficou sentida com o comentário dele. (She was hurt by his comment.)

Sad, saddened (adjective: feeling sorrow or unhappiness)

• Ele estava sentido pela perda do amigo. (He was saddened by the loss of his friend.)

Sense (noun [m]: a faculty by which the body perceives external stimuli)

• O sentido do olfato dos cães é muito apurado. (Dogs’ sense of smell is very keen.)

Aim, objective, purpose (noun [m]: the intention or goal of an action)

• O sentido da vida é uma questão filosófica. (The purpose of life is a philosophical question.)

Sense, point, meaning (noun [m]: the implied or explicit significance of something)

• Qual é o sentido desta frase? (What is the meaning of this sentence?)

Argument, point, theme (noun [m]: a particular perspective or point of view)

• Ela defendeu o seu sentido com convicção. (She defended her point with conviction.)

Meaning, sense (noun [m], linguistics: one of the possible meanings of a word)

• Esta palavra tem vários sentidos. (This word has several meanings.)

permitir [pɨɾmiˈtiɾ]

To allow, to permit (transitive verb: to give permission for something to happen)

• O professor permitiu o uso de dicionários no exame. (The teacher allowed the use of dictionaries in the exam.)

To authorize, to authorise (transitive verb: to give official permission for something)

• O diretor permitiu a realização do evento. (The director authorized the event.)

To allow oneself, to permit oneself, to take the liberty of (transitive verb: to dare to do something)

• Ele permitiu-se discordar da opinião da maioria. (He allowed himself to disagree with the majority opinion.)

To allow, to let, to tolerate, to permit (transitive verb: to tolerate or accept something)

• Não posso permitir tal comportamento na minha casa. (I cannot tolerate such behavior in my house.)

To allow, to permit, to make possible (transitive verb: to create the necessary conditions for something)

• O bom tempo permitiu a realização do piquenique. (The good weather allowed for the picnic to happen.)

To allow oneself, to permit oneself, to take the liberty of (reflexive verb: to dare to do something)

• Ela permitiu-se sonhar com uma vida melhor. (She allowed herself to dream of a better life.)

Deus [ˈdewʃ]

God (noun [m]: the supreme being in monotheistic religions)

• Deus é amor. (God is love.)

modo [ˈmodu]

Way, situation, state (noun [m]: the state or condition of something)

• As coisas estão a correr do melhor modo possível. (Things are going the best way possible.)

Way, skill (noun [m]: a particular skill or talent)

• Ela tem um modo especial de lidar com as crianças. (She has a special way with children.)

Way, method, technique (noun [m]: a particular form or method of doing something)

• Há vários modos de resolver este problema. (There are several ways to solve this problem.)

Mode, way, manner, possibility (noun [m]: a particular type or form of something)

• O computador tem vários modos de funcionamento. (The computer has several modes of operation.)

Mode, fashion, style (noun [m]: a fashion or style in clothes, art, or behavior)

• A mini-saia esteve em modo nos anos 60. (The miniskirt was in fashion in the 60s.)

Mood (noun [m], linguistics: a category or form which indicates the speaker’s attitude)

• O modo subjuntivo exprime dúvida ou desejo. (The subjunctive mood expresses doubt or desire.)

Mode (noun [m], geology: the way in which a mineral crystallizes)

• O modo de cristalização do diamante é cúbico. (The diamond’s crystallization mode is cubic.)

Moderation (noun [m]: the avoidance of excess or extremes)

• É importante comer com modo. (It’s important to eat in moderation.)

gente [ˈʒẽtɨ]

People, folk, folks (noun [f]: persons in general or collectively)

• Havia muita gente na rua. (There were many people on the street.)

People, populace (noun [f]: the inhabitants of a particular place)

• A gente da cidade é muito simpática. (The people of the city are very friendly.)

People, humanity (noun [f]: all human beings collectively)

• A gente deve cuidar do planeta. (Humanity must take care of the planet.)

Family, people, folks (noun [f]: one’s relatives or family members)

• Ele passa o Natal com a gente. (He spends Christmas with his folks.)

imagem [iˈmaʒɐ̃j]

Image (noun [f]: a visual representation of something)

• A imagem está desfocada. (The image is blurred.)

Image (noun [f]: a mental representation or idea)

• Ela tem uma imagem positiva da empresa. (She has a positive image of the company.)

Reflection, mirror image (noun [f]: the image of something reflected in a mirror or other surface)

• Ele viu sua imagem refletida no espelho. (He saw his reflection in the mirror.)

Image, memory (noun [f]: a remembered mental picture)

• Guardo uma imagem feliz daquele dia. (I keep a happy memory of that day.)

Image, picture (noun [f], figurative: a general impression that a person, organization, or product presents to the public)

• O escândalo manchou a imagem do político. (The scandal tarnished the politician’s image.)

época [ˈɛpukɐ]

Era, age (noun [f]: a long and distinct period of history)

• A Idade Média foi uma época de grandes mudanças. (The Middle Ages were an era of great changes.)

Time, time period (noun [f]: a particular period of time in history or a person’s life)

• Essa foi a melhor época da minha vida. (That was the best time of my life.)

Generation (noun [f]: all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age)

• A minha avó é de uma época diferente. (My grandmother is from a different generation.)

Season (noun [f]: a time of year characterized by particular conditions or activities)

• O verão é a época mais quente do ano. (Summer is the hottest season of the year.)

noite [ˈnojtɨ]

Night (noun [f]: the period from sunset to sunrise)

• A noite estava estrelada. (The night was starry.)

Night, darkness (noun [f], figurative: a state of ignorance or obscurity)

• Ele vivia na noite da ignorância. (He lived in the darkness of ignorance.)

Night, evening (noun [f]: the period of darkness after sunset, especially as a time of festivity)

• Eles dançaram a noite inteira. (They danced the whole night.)

Nightlife (noun [f], figurative: entertainment available at night)

• A cidade tem uma noite agitada. (The city has a lively nightlife.)

Blindness, darkness, night (noun [f], figurative: a state of impaired sight)

• A doença o deixou na noite da cegueira. (The illness left him in the darkness of blindness.)

Night, darkness (noun [f], figurative: a state of melancholy or despair)

• Ele estava vivendo uma noite emocional. (He was living an emotional night.)

velho [ˈvɛʎu]

Old (adjective: having lived or existed for a long time)

• Meu avô é muito velho. (My grandfather is very old.)

cair [kɐˈiɾ]

To fall, to drop (intransitive verb: to descend under the force of gravity)

• A maçã caiu da árvore. (The apple fell from the tree.)

To agree (intransitive verb, figurative: to be consistent or compatible)

• Essa cor cai bem com os seus olhos. (This color agrees with your eyes.)

To fall, to drop, to come down, to go down, to decrease, to decline (intransitive verb: to become lower in value)

• O preço das ações caiu drasticamente. (The stock price fell drastically.)

To tumble, to fall down (intransitive verb: to drop or come down freely)

• Ele caiu da escada. (He tumbled down the stairs.)

To happen, to chance, to take place, to work out (transitive verb, figurative: to occur by chance)

• O nosso encontro caiu no mesmo dia do seu aniversário. (Our meeting happened on the same day as his birthday.)

aquilo [ɐˈkilu]

That (pronoun: used to refer to something that is distant in space or time)

• Aquilo que ele disse não faz sentido. (That which he said makes no sense.)

projeto [pɾuˈʒɛtu]

Plan, intention (noun [m]: a proposed or intended course of action)

• O projeto para o novo parque foi aprovado. (The plan for the new park was approved.)

Sketch, plan, draft (noun [m]: a preliminary version or rough outline)

• O arquiteto apresentou o projeto do edifício. (The architect presented the building sketch.)

Project, plan, drawing, design (noun [m]: a detailed proposal or scheme)

• O projeto da ponte está em andamento. (The bridge project is underway.)

final [fiˈnaɫ]

End, conclusion (noun [m]: the last part or the termination)

• O final do livro é surpreendente. (The end of the book is surprising.)

Final, last (adjective: coming at the end or terminating)

• Este é o capítulo final do curso. (This is the final chapter of the course.)

Final, last, concluding (adjective: forming or occurring at the end)

• Suas palavras finais foram emocionantes. (His concluding words were moving.)

acreditar [ɐkɾɨdiˈtaɾ]

To believe (transitive verb: to accept as true)

• Eu acredito na sua inocência. (I believe in your innocence.)

To trust, to believe, to confide, to have confidence (transitive verb: to have faith or confidence in)

• Acredito no seu potencial. (I believe in your potential.)

To believe in, to have faith in (transitive verb, religious faith: to have religious conviction)

• Ela acredita em Deus. (She believes in God.)

jornal [ʒuɾˈnaɫ]

Newspaper, paper (noun [m]: a printed publication containing news)

• Ele lê o jornal todas as manhãs. (He reads the newspaper every morning.)

News (noun [m]: a television program featuring news)

• O jornal das oito trouxe a notícia. (The eight o’clock news brought the story.)

razão [ʁɐˈzɐ̃w]

Reasoning (noun [f]: the process of forming conclusions)

• Seu argumento carece de razão lógica. (Your argument lacks logical reasoning.)

Reason (noun [f]: the capacity for logical, rational thought)

• A razão distingue o ser humano dos animais. (Reason distinguishes human beings from animals.)

Reason, cause, explanation (noun [f]: a basis or cause for something)

• Qual é a razão do seu atraso? (What is the reason for your delay?)

Sense, common sense (noun [f]: the capacity for rational judgment)

• Ele não tem razão nenhuma. (He has no sense at all.)

Cause, source (noun [f]: the source or origin of something)

• A razão do problema foi identificada. (The cause of the problem was identified.)

Ratio (noun [f], maths: a relationship between two quantities)

• A razão entre os lados do triângulo é constante. (The ratio between the sides of the triangle is constant.)

Rationality (noun [f], philosophy: the quality of being based on reason)

• Descartes enfatizou a razão como fundamento do conhecimento. (Descartes emphasized rationality as the foundation of knowledge.)

espécie [ɨʃˈpɛsjɨ]

Species (noun [f], biology: a taxonomic rank below genus)

• O lobo e o cão pertencem à mesma espécie. (The wolf and the dog belong to the same species.)

Kind, type (noun [f], figurative: a group of things with similar characteristics)

• Que espécie de música você prefere? (What kind of music do you prefer?)

junto [ˈʒũtu]

Adjacent, nearby, near, close (adjective: in proximity)

• As casas estão muito juntas. (The houses are very close together.)

Adjoining, connected, linked (adjective: physically connected)

• Os quartos são juntos, sem paredes a separá-los. (The rooms are adjoining, without walls separating them.)

United, grouped, together (adjective: forming a single unit)

• Os alunos ficaram juntos para a foto. (The students stood together for the photo.)

Near, close, nearby, close by (adverb: in proximity)

• Eles moram junto da escola. (They live close to the school.)

Together, jointly (adverb: in cooperation or collaboration)

• Eles trabalham junto há anos. (They have been working together for years.)

preciso [pɾɨˈsizu]

Necessary (adjective: essential or required)

• Água é preciso para a sobrevivência. (Water is necessary for survival.)

Precise, exact (adjective: strictly accurate or correct)

• Ela deu uma resposta precisa. (She gave a precise answer.)

Accurate, targeted (adjective: exact, strictly correct or on target)

• O arqueiro foi muito preciso. (The archer was very accurate.)

Clear (adjective: easy to perceive, understand, or interpret)

• As instruções eram precisas e fáceis de seguir. (The instructions were clear and easy to follow.)

Concise (adjective: giving a lot of information clearly and in a few words)

• O resumo do livro é preciso e informativo. (The book summary is concise and informative.)

Precise (adjective: functioning accurately and reliably)

• O relógio é extremamente preciso. (The watch is extremely precise.)

século [ˈsɛkulu]

Century (noun [m]: a period of 100 years)

• O século XX foi marcado por grandes avanços tecnológicos. (The 20th century was marked by great technological advances.)

precisar [pɾɨsiˈzaɾ]

To need, to require, to lack (transitive verb: to have a necessity for)

• Eu preciso de um novo par de sapatos. (I need a new pair of shoes.)

To indicate, to specify, to determine (transitive verb: to state precisely)

• O relatório precisa os detalhes do projeto. (The report specifies the project details.)

To need, to require (transitive verb: to have a need for)

• O carro precisa de reparos. (The car needs repairs.)

To adjust, to correct (transitive verb: to make precise or exact)

• O relojoeiro precisou o mecanismo. (The watchmaker adjusted the mechanism.)

To be needy, to be in need (intransitive verb: to have a necessity)

• Muitas famílias precisam de ajuda. (Many families are in need of help.)

To be needed, to be required (intransitive verb: to be necessary)

• Precisa de mais tempo para concluir o trabalho. (More time is needed to complete the work.)

To be needy, to be poor (intransitive verb: to be in a state of poverty)

• Ele precisa, mas não pede ajuda. (He is needy, but doesn’t ask for help.)

To be needed, to be necessary, to be required (reflexive verb: to become necessary)

• Precisa-se de mais investimentos na educação. (More investments in education are needed.)

ler [leɾ]

To read (transitive verb: to interpret written material)

• Ela lê um livro por semana. (She reads one book per week.)

To read, to read aloud, to read out (transitive verb: to recite written material)

• O professor leu o texto para a turma. (The teacher read the text to the class.)

To read, to interpret (transitive verb, figurative: to observe and understand signs)

• Ele lê as pessoas como ninguém. (He reads people like no one else.)

To read, to understand (transitive verb, figurative: to perceive and comprehend)

• Consigo ler a tristeza nos seus olhos. (I can read the sadness in your eyes.)

To read (intransitive verb: to engage in the act of reading)

• Ele prefere ler do que ver TV. (He prefers to read rather than watch TV.)

To read (intransitive verb: to recite or utter aloud)

• Ela lê bem em público. (She reads well in public.)

dinheiro [diˈɲejɾu]

Money, cash, currency (noun [m]: a medium of exchange)

• Ele sempre carrega dinheiro na carteira. (He always carries money in his wallet.)

Cash (noun [m]: physical currency, such as banknotes and coins)

• Prefiro pagar em dinheiro. (I prefer to pay in cash.)

Funds, values (noun [m]: assets that can be converted into cash)

• A empresa tem dinheiro para investir. (The company has funds to invest.)

Money, wealth (noun [m], informal: an abundance of assets)

• Ele tem muito dinheiro no banco. (He has a lot of money in the bank.)

talvez [tɐɫˈveʃ]

Maybe, perhaps (adverb: expressing uncertainty or possibility)

• Talvez chova amanhã. (Maybe it will rain tomorrow.)

Sometimes (adverb: on occasion, but not always)

• Talvez ele venha jantar conosco. (Sometimes he comes to have dinner with us.)

plano [ˈplɐnu]

Flat, smooth (adjective: having an even surface)

• A mesa é perfeitamente plana. (The table is perfectly flat.)

Plain, simple (adjective: not elaborate or complicated)

• Ela prefere um estilo mais plano. (She prefers a simpler style.)

Map, plan (noun [m]: a representation of an area or structure)

• Consulte o plano da cidade para encontrar a rua. (Consult the city map to find the street.)

Plan (noun [m]: a detailed proposal for achieving something)

• Temos um plano para aumentar as vendas. (We have a plan to increase sales.)

Plan, map (noun [m]: a diagram or layout of a structure)

• O arquiteto apresentou o plano da casa. (The architect presented the house plan.)

Place, priority (noun [m]: a position in a sequence or order of importance)

• A saúde está em primeiro plano. (Health is in first place.)

Plan (noun [m], figurative: an intention or aspiration)

• Meu plano é viajar no próximo ano. (My plan is to travel next year.)

Plane (noun [m], geometry: a flat, two-dimensional surface)

• Um triângulo é uma figura plana. (A triangle is a plane figure.)

Sphere, domain (noun [m]: a particular area of activity or knowledge)

• Isso não é do meu plano de competência. (That’s not within my sphere of competence.)

Plan (noun [m], cinematography: a continuous shot without cuts)

• O diretor usou um longo plano para a cena. (The director used a long plan for the scene.)

nascer [nɐˈseɾ]

To be born, to come into the world, to hatch (intransitive verb: to emerge from the womb or an egg)

• O bebê nasceu ontem. (The baby was born yesterday.)

To be descended from, to come from, to be born of (transitive verb: to originate from an ancestor)

• Ela nasceu de uma família nobre. (She was born of a noble family.)

To germinate, to grow, to spring up (intransitive verb: to begin to grow and develop)

• As sementes nasceram rapidamente. (The seeds germinated quickly.)

To originate, to arise, to rise, to come from (transitive verb: to have a source or starting point)

• O rio nasce nas montanhas. (The river rises in the mountains.)

To arise, to begin, to start, to be born (transitive verb, figurative: to come into existence)

• Uma nova era nasceu com a invenção da internet. (A new era was born with the invention of the internet.)

To appear, to rise (intransitive verb: to become visible, especially heavenly bodies)

• O sol nasce a leste. (The sun rises in the east.)

To appear (transitive verb: to become apparent or manifest)

• Um sorriso nasceu no seu rosto. (A smile appeared on his face.)

To be born for, to be born to, to be made for (transitive verb: to have a natural aptitude or talent)

• Ele nasceu para a música. (He was born for music.)

To appear, to spring up (intransitive verb: to come into existence or arise)

• Novas oportunidades nasceram com a mudança. (New opportunities arose with the change.)

centro [ˈsẽtɾu]

Center, centre, middle (noun [m]: the middle point or part)

• O centro da cidade fica a poucos minutos daqui. (The city center is a few minutes from here.)

Center, centre (noun [m]: a place for a particular activity or event)

• O centro de convenções fica do outro lado da rua. (The convention center is across the street.)

Center, centre (noun [m]: a point of concentration or convergence)

• A praça é o centro da vida social da cidade. (The square is the center of the city’s social life.)

partido [pɐɾˈtidu]

Broken (adjective: having been fractured or damaged)

• O vaso está partido. (The vase is broken.)

Party (noun [m], politics: a political organization)

• Ele é membro do partido há anos. (He has been a member of the party for years.)

Match (noun [m], marriage: a suitable spouse or partner)

• Ela encontrou um bom partido. (She found a good match.)

descobrir [dɨʃkuˈbɾiɾ]

To uncover, to expose, to reveal (transitive verb: to make visible or known)

• O vento descobriu o telhado. (The wind uncovered the roof.)

To distinguish, to spot, to make out, to discern (transitive verb: to perceive or identify)

• Ele descobriu uma mancha na parede. (He spotted a stain on the wall.)

To discover, to find (transitive verb: to find or learn something previously unknown)

• Os cientistas descobriram uma nova espécie. (The scientists discovered a new species.)

To find, to come upon, to chance upon (transitive verb: to encounter or find by chance)

• Descobri uma loja incrível ontem. (I came upon an amazing store yesterday.)

To discover, to understand, to realize, to realise (transitive verb: to become aware of)

• Ela descobriu que estava errada. (She realized that she was wrong.)

To clear, to clear up (intransitive verb: to become bright or sunny)

• O céu descobriu após a chuva. (The sky cleared up after the rain.)

To remove your hat, to take off your hat (reflexive verb: to uncover one’s head as a sign of respect)

• Ele descobriu-se ao entrar na igreja. (He took off his hat when entering the church.)

ouvir [oˈviɾ]

To hear (transitive verb: to perceive with the ear)

• Consegues ouvir o pássaro? (Can you hear the bird?)

To listen to (transitive verb: to pay attention to)

• Ouve o que te digo. (Listen to what I’m telling you.)

To hear, to be able to hear, can hear (intransitive verb: to have the sense of hearing)

• Ele ouve perfeitamente. (He can hear perfectly.)

To ask, to hear from (transitive verb: to inquire)

• Vamos ouvir a opinião dele. (Let’s hear his opinion.)

ligar [liˈɡaɾ]

To tie, to bind (transitive verb: to fasten or join with string or cord)

• Ele ligou os sapatos. (He tied his shoes.)

To plug in, to connect (transitive verb: to join electrical components)

• Liga o cabo à tomada. (Plug the cable into the socket.)

To combine (transitive verb: to join substances in a chemical reaction)

• O oxigênio liga-se ao hidrogênio para formar água. (Oxygen combines with hydrogen to form water.)

To connect, to bring together, to make a connection, to join up (transitive verb: to join or unite)

• A ponte liga as duas margens. (The bridge connects the two banks.)

To be interested, to take an interest, to have an interest, to pay attention, to pay heed (transitive verb: to show interest or concern)

• Ela não liga para a moda. (She doesn’t care about fashion.)

To phone, to call, to telephone (transitive verb: to contact by telephone)

• Liga-me quando chegares. (Call me when you arrive.)

To turn on, to switch on, to start (transitive verb: to put into operation)

• Liga a televisão. (Turn on the TV.)

To bind, to blend, to gel (transitive verb: to make cohere or combine)

• O ovo liga os ingredientes. (The egg binds the ingredients.)

interesse [ĩtɨˈɾesɨ]

Advantage, benefit, profit (noun [m]: something that is of use or value)

• É do interesse de todos cooperar. (It’s in everyone’s interest to cooperate.)

Utility, interest, use, usefulness, point (noun [m]: the quality of being useful)

• Não vejo interesse nessa proposta. (I don’t see the point of this proposal.)

Interest, appeal, attraction (noun [m]: the power to attract or hold one’s attention)

• O filme perdeu o interesse na segunda metade. (The movie lost its appeal in the second half.)

Advantage, benefit (noun [m]: something that is to one’s advantage)

• Não há interesse em adiar a reunião. (There’s no benefit in postponing the meeting.)

Interest (noun [m], finance: money paid for the use of money lent)

• O banco cobra juros altos. (The bank charges high interest rates.)

Benefit, advantage, motive (noun [m]: something that is to one’s benefit)

• Ele age sempre em interesse próprio. (He always acts in his own interest.)

Interest, attention (noun [m]: a feeling of wanting to know or learn)

• A palestra despertou o interesse dos alunos. (The lecture sparked the students’ interest.)

Interest, share (noun [m]: a share in a company or business)

• Ele tem um interesse na empresa. (He has an interest in the company.)

amigo [ɐˈmiɡu]

Friend, pal, mate, buddy (noun [m]: a person with whom one has a bond of mutual affection)

• Ele é o meu melhor amigo. (He is my best friend.)

Friendly person, affable person (noun [m]: someone who behaves in a kind or pleasant way)

• Ele é um amigo para todos. (He is a friend to all.)

seguinte [sɨˈɡĩtɨ]

Following (adjective: coming next in order or time)

• O seguinte orador é o Dr. Silva. (The following speaker is Dr. Silva.)

termo [ˈtɛɾmu]

Term, word, expression (noun [m]: a word or phrase used to describe a concept)

• Não entendo o termo técnico. (I don’t understand the technical term.)

Way, situation (noun [m]: the state or condition of something)

• Os termos do contrato são injustos. (The terms of the contract are unfair.)

Term, part (noun [m]: an essential element of a clause in logic or grammar)

• O predicado é o segundo termo da oração. (The predicate is the second part of the clause.)

Deadline, limit, due date, date (noun [m]: a fixed point in time by which something must be done)

• O termo para a entrega do relatório é sexta-feira. (The deadline for submitting the report is Friday.)

End, conclusion, term (noun [m]: the last part or final stage)

• Estamos no termo da gestação. (We are in the final stage of pregnancy.)

Terms (plural noun [m]: the words or phrasing used in a document)

• Os termos do acordo foram alterados. (The terms of the agreement were changed.)

mudar [muˈdaɾ]

To change, to alter, to modify (transitive verb: to make or become different)

• Ela mudou o penteado. (She changed her hairstyle.)

To move, to shift, to transfer (transitive verb: to change position or location)

• Mudámos a mesa para a sala. (We moved the table to the living room.)

To change, to swap (transitive verb: to replace with another)

• Vou mudar as cortinas. (I’m going to change the curtains.)

To distort, to change, to alter (transitive verb: to misrepresent or change the appearance of)

• A dor mudou suas feições. (The pain distorted his features.)

To change, to rearrange, to reorganize, to reorganise (transitive verb: to arrange or put in a different order)

• Vamos mudar os móveis de lugar. (Let’s rearrange the furniture.)

To change, to redefine, to reorient (transitive verb: to give a new direction or purpose to)

• A empresa mudou sua estratégia. (The company changed its strategy.)

To mutate (intransitive verb: to undergo change or transformation)

• O vírus muda constantemente. (The virus constantly mutates.)

To move, to move house, to relocate (reflexive verb: to change one’s place of residence)

• Eles mudaram-se para uma casa maior. (They moved to a bigger house.)

To change (reflexive verb: to undergo modification or alteration)

• Os tempos mudaram-se. (Times have changed.)

To move (reflexive verb: to change position or location)

• Ela mudou-se para perto da janela. (She moved closer to the window.)

linha [ˈʎiɲɐ]

Line (noun [f]: a long, narrow mark or band)

• Desenhe uma linha reta. (Draw a straight line.)

Line, row (noun [f]: things arranged in a straight line)

• As árvores estão plantadas em linha. (The trees are planted in a line.)

Line (noun [f]: a boundary or division, especially on a map)

• A linha do Equador divide a Terra ao meio. (The Equator line divides the Earth in half.)

Line (noun [f]: one of the lines on the palm of the hand)

• A linha da vida é a mais longa. (The life line is the longest.)

Thread (noun [f]: a thin strand used for sewing)

• Passa a linha pela agulha. (Thread the needle.)

Fishing line (noun [f]: a thin cord used for fishing)

• A linha partiu e o peixe escapou. (The line broke and the fish got away.)

Track, railway track (noun [f]: a pair of rails for a train)

• O trem descarrilou da linha. (The train derailed from the track.)

Line, connection (noun [f]: a telephone connection)

• A linha está com interferência. (The line has interference.)

medida [mɨˈðidɐ]

Measurement, measuring (noun [f]: the action of measuring)

• A medida da sala foi feita ontem. (The measurement of the room was done yesterday.)

Measure, measurement, unit of measurement (noun [f]: a determined quantity)

• O metro é a medida padrão de comprimento. (The meter is the standard unit of measurement for length.)

Measure, dose, unit (noun [f]: the quantity contained in a recipient)

• Adicione duas medidas de farinha à receita. (Add two measures of flour to the recipe.)

Measurement, size (noun [f]: a calculable quantity)

• As medidas da porta precisam ser exactas. (The measurements of the door need to be exact.)

Moderation, restraint (noun [f]: the quality of being moderate)

• Ele sempre age com medida nas suas decisões. (He always acts with moderation in his decisions.)

Measure, extent, degree (noun [f]: a way to evaluate importance)

• A medida do seu sucesso surpreendeu todos. (The extent of his success surprised everyone.)

Measure, step (noun [f]: an action taken as a means to an end)

• O governo tomou medidas para combater a inflação. (The government took measures to combat inflation.)

Rule, happy medium (noun [f], figurative: a pattern or standard)

• É difícil encontrar a medida certa entre trabalho e lazer. (It’s hard to find the right balance between work and leisure.)

Limit, bound (noun [f], figurative: a boundary or extent)

• Ele ultrapassou todos os limites da medida. (He exceeded all bounds of moderation.)

Measure (noun [f], legal: a judicial means)

• O juiz decretou uma medida cautelar. (The judge decreed a precautionary measure.)

teatro [tiˈatɾu]

Theatre, theater (noun [m]: a building where plays are shown)

• Vamos assistir a uma peça no teatro municipal. (Let’s go see a play at the municipal theater.)

Theatre, theater, drama (noun [m]: the dramatic arts)

• Ela estuda teatro na universidade. (She studies theatre at the university.)

espaço [ɨʃˈpasu]

Space (noun [m]: a three-dimensional area)

• O espaço entre as estrelas é imenso. (The space between the stars is immense.)

Area, place (noun [m]: a location or environment)

• O espaço do evento estava lotado. (The event space was packed.)

Space (noun [m]: the universe or cosmos)

• Os astronautas exploram o espaço sideral. (The astronauts explore outer space.)

Space, distance (noun [m]: an interval between two things)

• Deixe um espaço entre as palavras. (Leave a space between the words.)

Span, period (noun [m]: an interval of time)

• O projeto foi concluído num espaço de duas semanas. (The project was completed in a span of two weeks.)

Pause (noun [m]: a break or interval)

• Vamos fazer um pequeno espaço antes de continuar. (Let’s take a short pause before continuing.)

animal [ɐniˈmaɫ]

Animal, creature (noun [m]: a living being)

• O cão é um animal de estimação comum. (The dog is a common pet animal.)

Animal, brute (noun [m]: an irrational living being)

• Ele age como um animal selvagem. (He acts like a wild animal.)

Animal, brute, beast (noun [m], figurative: a rude or impolite person)

• Aquele homem é um verdadeiro animal. (That man is a real brute.)

santo [ˈsɐ̃tu]

Saint (noun [m]: a person who was canonized)

• São Francisco é o santo padroeiro dos animais. (Saint Francis is the patron saint of animals.)

Holy person (noun [m]: one who acts according to religious laws)

• Ele é considerado um santo pela comunidade. (He is considered a holy person by the community.)

Holy (adjective: belonging to a religion)

• A Bíblia é um livro santo para os cristãos. (The Bible is a holy book for Christians.)

Holy, sacred (adjective: pure or blessed)

• O matrimónio é um sacramento santo. (Matrimony is a sacred sacrament.)

Saint, saintly person (noun [m], figurative: an innocent or naive person)

• Ela é um santo por aturar aquele comportamento. (She’s a saint for putting up with that behavior.)

acordo [ɐˈkoɾdu]

Agreement, accord, consent (noun [m]: an understanding)

• Eles chegaram a um acordo sobre o preço. (They reached an agreement on the price.)

Deal, agreement (noun [m]: a compromise)

• O acordo beneficia ambas as partes. (The deal benefits both parties.)

Agreement, covenant (noun [m]: a document with a commitment)

• O acordo foi assinado por todos os envolvidos. (The agreement was signed by all involved.)

olhar [oˈʎaɾ]

To look at, to regard, to gaze on/upon (transitive verb: to stare at)

• Ela olhou para o céu estrelado. (She looked at the starry sky.)

To face, to front (transitive verb: to be in front of)

• A casa olha para o mar. (The house faces the sea.)

To look after, to care for (transitive verb: to take care of)

• Ela olha pelos filhos com dedicação. (She looks after her children with dedication.)

To think, to consider, to know (transitive verb: to ponder)

• Olhando bem, acho que ele tem razão. (Considering it, I think he’s right.)

To observe, to study, to examine (transitive verb: to research)

• Os cientistas olharam atentamente os resultados. (The scientists closely examined the results.)

To regard, to consider (transitive verb: to judge)

• Eu olho para ele como um exemplo a seguir. (I regard him as a role model.)

necessário [nɨsɨˈsaɾju]

Necessary, indispensable (adjective: essential)

• Água é necessário para a vida. (Water is necessary for life.)

Necessity, basic, requisite, essential (noun [m]: a basic need)

• Comida é um necessário básico. (Food is a basic necessity.)

Necessary, obligatory (adjective: mandatory)

• O uso de máscara é necessário neste local. (Wearing a mask is necessary in this place.)

jovem [ˈʒɔvɐ̃j]

Young (adjective: in the stage of youth)

• Ele é muito jovem para assumir tanta responsabilidade. (He is too young to take on so much responsibility.)

Youth (adjective: intended for young people)

• Este é um programa jovem e dinâmico. (This is a youth-oriented and dynamic program.)

Young, youthful (adjective: having a young character)

• Ela tem um espírito jovem e aventureiro. (She has a young and adventurous spirit.)

Young, new, recent (adjective: not long in existence)

• Este é um jovem empreendimento com grande potencial. (This is a young enterprise with great potential.)

Young (adjective: fresh wine)

• Este é um vinho jovem e frutado. (This is a young and fruity wine.)

Young person, youth (noun [m/f]: a person in their youth)

• Os jovens são o futuro da nação. (Young people are the future of the nation.)

futuro [fuˈtuɾu]

Future (noun [m]: time that is yet to come)

• Ninguém pode prever o futuro com certeza. (No one can predict the future with certainty.)

Future (noun [m], grammar: the tense indicating an action yet to happen)

• O futuro do indicativo é usado para ações vindouras. (The future indicative is used for upcoming actions.)

Future (adjective: yet to be)

• Ela está a planear os seus projetos futuros. (She is planning her future projects.)

local [luˈkaɫ]

Local (adjective: referring to a place)

• O comércio local foi afetado pela pandemia. (The local commerce was affected by the pandemic.)

Local, localized (adjective: limited to an area)

• A chuva será local e dispersa. (The rain will be local and scattered.)

Local (adjective: relative to a place)

• Os costumes locais variam de região para região. (Local customs vary from region to region.)

Place, site, locale (noun [m]: a location)

• Este local é perfeito para um piquenique. (This place is perfect for a picnic.)

Local news (noun [f]: a newspaper section covering a specific area)

• A local do jornal destaca os eventos da cidade. (The local news section of the paper highlights city events.)

falta [ˈfaɫtɐ]

Lack, absence (noun [f]: the state of being absent)

• A falta de chuva prejudicou a colheita. (The lack of rain harmed the harvest.)

Absence, omission (noun [f]: the state of being missing)

• A falta do seu nome na lista deve ser um erro. (The absence of your name on the list must be a mistake.)

Lack, need (noun [f]: a deficiency or shortage)

• Muitas famílias passam falta do básico. (Many families lack basic necessities.)

Fault, failure, offense, sin, crime (noun [f]: a wrongdoing)

• A falta que ele cometeu é imperdoável. (The offense he committed is unforgivable.)

Fault, error, mistake (noun [f]: an inaccuracy or flaw)

• O acidente ocorreu por falta do motorista. (The accident occurred due to the driver’s fault.)

Fault, disobedience, misdemeanor, infraction (noun [f]: a breach of rules)

• Estacionar aqui é uma falta grave. (Parking here is a serious infraction.)

morte [ˈmɔɾtɨ]

Death (noun [f]: the end of bodily life)

• A morte é uma certeza para todos os seres vivos. (Death is a certainty for all living beings.)

Death, annihilation, extinction (noun [f]: a permanent end)

• A morte dessa espécie seria uma tragédia. (The extinction of that species would be a tragedy.)

Agony (noun [f], figurative: great sorrow)

• A morte do seu cão foi uma grande agonia para ela. (The death of her dog was a great agony for her.)

político [puˈlitiku]

Politician (noun [m]: an elected official)

• O político fez um discurso empolgante. (The politician made a rousing speech.)

Political (adjective: relating to politics)

• As suas opiniões políticas são bem conhecidas. (His political opinions are well known.)

Diplomatic (adjective, figurative: tactful in speech)

• Ela deu uma resposta política para não ofender ninguém. (She gave a diplomatic answer to avoid offending anyone.)

banco [ˈbɐ̃ku]

Bank (noun [m]: a financial institution)

• Ele depositou o dinheiro no banco. (He deposited the money in the bank.)

Bench, seat (noun [m]: a long seat)

• Vamos sentar naquele banco do parque. (Let’s sit on that park bench.)

Bench (noun [m], sports: reserve team members)

• O treinador chamou os jogadores do banco. (The coach called the bench players.)

posição [puziˈsɐ̃w]

Posture (noun [f]: the position of the body)

• Uma boa posição ao sentar evita dores nas costas. (A good sitting posture prevents back pain.)

Position, location (noun [f]: a place or site)

• A posição do hotel é perfeita para turistas. (The hotel’s location is perfect for tourists.)

Position, role (noun [f]: a job or function)

• Ela ocupa uma alta posição na empresa. (She holds a high position in the company.)